屆奉賢區(qū)高三英語一模試卷

1、.GrammarandVocabularySectionAToBeJoyful,ToBeYoungWhatreallyworkstomakesustainablechangesindietandlifestyleItsprobablynotwhatyouthink.Inthepast30yearsofconductingclinicalresearch,I(21)(learn)thatrealkeysarepleasure,joyandfreedom.Joyoflivingissustainable;fearofdyingisnot.WhyBecauselifeistobeenjoyed.Th

2、eresnopoint(22)(abandon)somethingyouenjoyunlessyougetsomethingbackthatsevenbetter,andquickly.Whenpeopleeatmorehealthfully,(23)(quit)smoking,andmanagestressbetter,theyfindtheyfeelsomuchbetter,soquickly.Itreconstructsthereasonformakingthesechangesfromfearofdyingtojoyofliving.Whenyouexerciseandeatright

3、,yourbrainreceivesmorebloodflowandoxygen,soyoubecomesmarter,havemoreenergy,andneedlesssleep.Twostudiesshowedjustwalkingforthreehoursperweekforonlythreemonthscausedsomanyneurons(神經細胞)(24)(grow)thatitactuallyincreasedthesizeofpeoplesbrains!Yourfacereceivesmorebloodflow,soyourskinglowsmoreandwrinklesle

4、ss.Youlookyoungerandmoreattractive.Incontrast,anunhealthydiet,lastingemotionalstressandsmokingreducebloodflowtoyourface(25)youagemorequickly.Smokingspeedsupagingbecausenicotinecontributestoyourbloodvesselbecomingnarrower,(26)decreasesbloodflowtoyourfaceandmakesitwrinkleprematurely.Thisiswhysmokerslo

5、okyearsolderthantheyreallyare.Oneofthemostinterestingfindingswasthatthemothersawarenessofstresswasmoreimportantthan(27)wasobjectivelyoccurringintheirlives.(28)(give)aquestionnaire,thewomenwereaskedtorateonathree-pointscalehowstressedtheyfelteachday.Thewomenwhorealizedtheywereunderheavystresshadsigni

6、ficantlyshortenedanddamagedtelomeres(染色體端粒)comparedwith(29)whofeltmorerelaxed.Contrarily,someofthewomenwhofeltrelaxed(30)raisingadisabledchildhadmorenormal-appearingtelomeres.Inotherwords,ifyoufeelstressed,youarestressed.SectionBDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgi

7、veninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.K.rankswelcometoWindsorCastleWindsorCastleistheoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworldandtheOfficialResidenceoftheQueenofBritain.Overaperiodofnearly1,000yearsithasbeen31_continuously,andalteredandredecoratedbymonarchs(君主)on

8、eaftertheother.Someweregreatbuilders,strengtheningtheCastleagainst32_andrebellion;others,livinginmorepeacefultimes,createdagrandRoyalresidence.WilliamtheConquerorchosethesite,highabovetheriverThamesandontheedgeofaSaxonhuntingground.ItwasadaysmarchfromtheTowerofLondonandintendedtoguardthewestern33_to

9、thecapital.Theouterwallsfotodaysstructureareinthesamepositionasthoseofthe34_castlebuiltbyWilliamtheConquerorinthe1070s.TheQueenusestheCastlebothasaprivatehome,wheresheusuallyspendstheweekend,ansasaRoyalresidenceatwhichsheundertakescertainformalduties.WindsorCastleis35_usedbytheQueentohostStateVisits

10、fromoverseasmonarchsandpresidents.EveryyeartheQueentakesupofficialresidenceinWindsorCastleforamonthoverEaster(March-April).TheCastleishuge,sopeopletendtoheadforthemost36_bits-theStateApartments,ST.GeorgesChapel,theGalleryandthedelightfulQueenMarysDollsHouse.Worksofart,antiquefurniture,curiositicsand

11、impressivearchitecturereflectthetastesofmanydifferentroyalgenerations.TheStateApartmentsare37_decoratedformalroomsstillusedforstateandofficialfunctions.ThemagnificentandbeautifulSt.GeorgesChapelwasstartedin1475byEdwardIVandwascompleted50yearslaterbyHenryVIII.It38_amongthefinestexamplesoflatemedieval

12、architectureintheUK.TheDrawingsGallery39_theexhibition“TheQueen:60Photographsfor60Years”.TheexhibitionpresentsportraitsoftheQueen40_inbriefmomentsonbothofficialoccasionsandatrelaxedfamilygatherings.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmar

13、kedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.“NatureandNurture”Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorareformed.However,itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheris41_.Socialscientistsareofcourse42_int

14、erestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehavior.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwo43_schoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatedbetween44_ofeachtheory.T

15、hecontroversy(爭辯)isoftenconvenientlyreferredtoas“natureandnurture”Thosewho45_the“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsare46_determinedbybiologicalfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristicsandbehavioris47_tothistheory.Takentoan

16、extreme,thistheorystatesthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchagreatdegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyour48_.Supportersofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftencalled,49_,claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehavioristssviewofthehumanbe

17、ingisquitemechanistic.Theystatethat,likemachines,humansrespondto51_stimuli(刺激)asthebasisoftheirbehavior.Sociallyandpolitically,theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesare52_.IntheUS,forexample,blacksoftenscorebelowwhiteonstandardizedintelligencetests.Thisleadssome“nature”supporterstoconcludethatblacksarege

18、neticallylowerinstatusthanwhitesare.Behaviorists,53_,saythatthedifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacksareoftenrobbedofmanyoftheeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy,andthat,asaresult,theydonotdevelopthesame54_thatwhitesdo.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior

19、.Asamatteroffact,itisquite55_thatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremesandthatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.41.A.sensitiveB.productiveC.competitiveD.aggressive42.A.moderatelyB.extremelyD.scarcely43.A.distinctB.reliableC.relevantD.equal44.A.objectorsB.operatorsC.opp

20、onentsD.advocates45.A.claimB.supportC.resolveD.inherit46.A.completelyB.largelyC.thoroughlyD.merely47.A.sensitiveB.openC.centralD.subject48.A.abilitiesB.capacitiesC.personalitiesD.instinct49.A.expertsB.scientistsC.environmentalistD.behaviorists50.A.shapedB.prioritizedC.oppressedD.restricted51.A.envir

21、onmentalB.biologicalC.geneticD.psychological52.A.temporaryB.slightC.fatalD.far-reaching53.A.onthecontraryB.asawholeC.afterallD.forinstance54.A.habitsB.responsesC.characteristicsD.advantages55.A.necessaryB.impossibleC.unreasonableD.likelySectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisf

22、ollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）ImastudentinmyfourthyearofabiomedicalsciencedegreeatRobertGordonUniversityinAberdeen,butIalsowork38hoursaweekatSainsbu

23、rystomakeendsmeet.Idothreenightshiftsaweek,plusovertimeifIcangetit.Mondayisthemostoccupieddayforme-Iworkfrom10pmuntil8amonSaturdayandSundaynights,earningjustover100anight,andthenIhavetobeatmyfirstlectureat9amonMonday.BythetimeIfinishlectures,at2pm,Imexhausted,butIknowIhavetobebackatworkby10pm.Iconst

24、antlyhavetoforcemyselftostayawake,andtobealert,whateverittakes.ApacketofSkittlesandaRedBullusuallyhelps.TheworkIdoatSainsburysisveryphysicallikestackingshelves.ImluckybecauseImanactivepersonandtheamountIliftatworkisnothingcomparedwiththeweightsIliftinthegym.IknowIhavethestrengthtobearit.moriginallyf

25、romNigeria.IcameherewhenIwasseven,growingupinCroydon,southLondon.Moneywastight.MyparentsgavemeeverythingIneeded,buttherewasnomoneytospendonluxuries.Iworkedhardatschoolthoughand,withthehelpofGTScholars,IgotsomeofthebestA-levelgradesinmyclass.Unfortunately,thoughIhadappliedfor“settled”Britishresidenti

26、alstatuswhenveryyoung,theHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyapplication.ThatmeantIwasnteligibleforastudentloan.TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversitywasthatifIgotajobthatwouldpayforallmylivingcostsandmyparents,whoworkinmarketresearch,paidformytuitionfees.InScotland,thatsabout7,000ayear.I

27、donthavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob.Ideally,IwouldalsoliketohavemoretimetostudysoIcanexcelatmycourse.Yes,Ihavealotonmyplate,butworkinghardisntnewtome.Growingup,myparentsandmymentorsinthechurchandatGTScholarscultivatedinmetheimportanceofworkinghardforwhatIwantinlife.MydreamistodoanMAinphysiothe

28、rapynextyearandthengetajobworkingfortheNHS.Butrightnow,ImjustfocusedontryingtogetthebestgradesIcan.WheneverIfindlifehard,Itellmyselfthisisaboutmyfuture.Idontneedmuch,butIwouldliketoworrylessaboutmoneyandhavemorefreetime.ThatiswhatIlookforwardtothemost.56.Whydoestheauthorworklonghoursandsometimesover

29、timeeveryweekA.Tohelphisparentspayoffthedebts.B.Topayforhistuitionfees.C.Toprovehisabilitytoearnmoney.D.Topayforhisownlivingexpenses.57.Theunderlinedword“eligible”inthepassagecanbereplacedby_.A.responsibleB.qualifiedC.feasibleD.anxious58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtode

30、scribetheauthorA.Sociable.B.Diligent.C.Ambitious.D.Persistent.59.WhichofthefollowingproverbscanbestsummarizethepassageA.Apennysavedisapennyearned.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Wherethereislife,thereishope.（B）ShouldyoubecomeafullstackwebdeveloperWhatisaFullStackWebD

31、eveloperAfullstackwebdeveloperiswellversedinbothfrontandback-endwebdeveloping.Withknowledgeofwhatitmeanstobuildapplicationsfromstarttofinish,afullstackdevelopercanplan,manage,andbuildsoftwarewithgeneralknow-how.Acoredifferencebetweenfrontandback-enddevelopersisthatfront-enddevelopershandlebuildingth

32、euserinterfaceaspectofawebsite,whileback-enddevelopersdealwithinternaltaskssuchaswebservers,applications,anddatabases.Combinedtheyareresponsibleforbuildingthetechnologyandcodingthatmakesawebsitefunctionproperly.Bothskillsetsarecrucialforbeingawell-roundedwebdeveloperandwillgiveyoualegupwhenapplyingf

33、orjobs.Ifyouliketolearnnewconceptsandtechnologiesfrequentlythisisanexcellentcareerpathforyou.DemandforFullStackWebDevelopersisGrowingBecauseofthebroadrangeofskillsrequiredtobeafullstackwebdeveloper,therearefewercandidatesapplyingforpositions,leavingmoreopportunityforqualifiedcandidates.Thejoboutlook

34、forwebdevelopersisestimatedtogrow13%by2026,whichisfasterthantheaveragerateforalloccupations.WithaversatileandrobustCV,fullstackwebdeveloperscanmake$87,661onaverage.GetStartedTodayWithourguide,youwilllearneverythingyouneedtoknowinordertosucceedasafullstackwebdeveloper.Youcanstartfromanylevelwithlittl

35、etonopreviousexperiencerequiredandtrackyourprogressasyougo.DevelopwebapplicationsinJavascriptusingfront-endframework,Angular,andhybridmobileapplicationswithApacheCordovaDesignRESTfulRubyonRailswebapplicationswithMongoDBdatabaseintegration.60.InwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwemostprobablyfindthispassageW

36、hichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothepassageFrontandback-enddevelopersbothareresponsibleforsuchtasksasapplicationsanddatabases.Fewercandidatesapplyforthepositionofbeingwebdevelopersduetohighdemandforskills.Youcantstarttolearnthecourseofbeingafullstackwebdeveloperunlessyouhavesomeexperiencebeforehan

37、d.WhatisthemainpurposesofthispassageToadvertiseforfullstackwebdevelopersToinformpeopleofwhatisrequiredtobeafullstackwebdeveloper.Topersuadepeopletotakethecourseswhichhelptobecomeafullstackwebdeveloper.Tohelppeopletoexplorethefullstackwebdevelopercareerguide.（C）ThehauntingpaintingsofHeleneSchjerfbeck

38、,onshowinthefinallegofatravellingtourthathasalreadyattractedthousandsofvisitorsinHamburgandTheHague,maycomeasasurprisetomany.FewoutsidetheNordicworldwouldrecognisetheworkofthisFinnishartistwhodiedin1946.Morepeopleshould.The120workshaveattheircore20self-portraits,halfthenumbershepaintedinall.Thefirst

39、,dated1880,isofawide-eyedteenagereagertoabsorbeverything.Thelastisasightingoftheartistsghost-to-be.Precociouslygifted,Schjerfbeckwas11whensheenteredtheFinnishArtSocietysdrawingschool.TheWoundedWarriorintheSnow,ahistorypainting,wasboughtbyaprivatecollectorandwonherastatetravelgrantwhenshewas17.Schjer

40、fbeckstudiedinParis,wentontoPont-Aven,Brittany,whereshepaintedforayear,thentoTuscany,CornwallandStPetersburg.Duringher1887visittoStIves,Cornwall,SchjerfbeckpaintedTheConvalescent.Achildwrappedinablanketsitsproppedupinalargewicker(柳條編制的)chair,toyingwithasprig（小紙條）.Thepicturewonabronzemedalatthe1889Pa

41、risWorldFairandwasboughtbytheFinnishArtSociety.Toamoderneyeitseemsalmostsentimental（感觸）andisredeemedonlybythesomewhatstunned,melancholyexpressiononthechildsface,whichmayhavebeeninspiredbySchjerfbecksearlyexperiences.Atfour,shefelldownaflightofstepsandneverfullyrecovered.In1890,SchjerfbecksettledinFi

42、nland.Teachingexhaustedher,shedidnotliketheworkofotherlocalpainters,andshewasfurtherisolatedwhenshetookonthecareofhermother(wholiveduntil1923).IfIallowmyselfthefreedomtoliveasecludedlife,shewrote,thenitisbecauseithastobethatway.In1902,Schjerfbeckandhermothersettledinthesmall,industrialtownofHyvinkaa

43、,50kilometresnorthofHelsinki.IsolationhadonedesiredeffectforitwastherethatSchjerfbeckbecameamodernpainter.Sheproducedstilllivesandlandscapesbutaboveallmoodyyetincisiveportraitsofhermother,localschoolgirls,womenworkersintown。Ihavealwayssearchedforthedensedepthsofthesoul,thathavenotyetdiscoveredthemse

44、lves,shewrote,whereeverythingisstillunconscious-thereonecanmakethegreatestdiscoveries.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentkindsofunderpainting,scrapedandrubbed,madebrightrosyredspots;doingwhateverhadtobedonetocapturethesubconscious-herownandthatofhermodels.In1913,Schjerfbeckwasrediscoveredbyanartdealerandjo

45、urnalist,GostaStenman.Onceagainshewasasuccess.SchjerfbeckB.herpaintingshaveneverbeenonshowoutoftheNordicworldWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.TheConvalescentisinfactaportraitofSchjerbeckinherchildhood.B.TheConvalescentisareflectionofSchejerbeckssentimentalchildhood.C.TheConvalescentis

46、madeasaresultofanaccidentinSchejerbeckschildhood.D.TheConvalescentisfeaturedbythechildsstunned,melancholyexpression.66Schejerbeckchosetoliveasecludedlifemainlybecauseof_.A.shewasexhaustedbyherteachingjobB.herpersonalityprefersthiskindofstyleC.shecouldnotappreciatetheworkoftheotherlocalpaintersD.herm

47、othershealthconditionrequiredhertoadoptsuchalifestyle.67.WecaninferfromthepassagethatthemostoutstandingcharacteristicsofSchjerfbeckis_.A.hervividcharacterizationofcommonpeopleB.hercaptureofthecharacterssoulspaintingsDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencescanon

48、lybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A.AneffectivewaythatIhavefoundtodeepenmyownpatienceistocreateactualpracticeperiods.B.Youaremoreeasilyannoyedandbothered.C.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthequalityofbeingpatientisverydifficulttodevelop.D.Becomingmorepatientinvolvesopeningyourheartto

49、thepresentmoment,evenifyoudonit.E.Withoutpatience,youwillseethesamesceneasanemergencycompletewithyelling,hurtfeelings.E.Ifyoulackpatience,youaredestinedtofailinwhatyouarepursuing.tlikefrustration,Thequalityofpatiencegoesalongwaytowardyourgoalofcreatingamorepeacefulandlovingself.Themorepatientyouare,

50、themoreacceptingyouwillbeofwhatlifeis,ratherthaninsistingthatlifebeexactlyasyouwouldlikeittobe.Withoutpatience,lifeisextremelyfrustrating.67_.Patienceaddsadimensionofeaseandacceptancetoyourlife.Itsimportantforinnerpeace.68_Ifyouarestuckinatrafficjam,lateforanappointment,beingpatientwouldmeankeepingy

51、ourselffrombuildingamentalsnowballbeforeyourthinkinggetoutofhandandgentlyremindingyourselftorelax.Itmightalsobeagoodtimetobreatheaswellasanopportunitytoremindyourselfthat,inthebiggerschemeofthings,beinglateis“smallstuff”.Patienceisaqualityofheartthatcanbegreatlyenhancedwithdeliberatepractice.69_They

52、aretheperiodsoftimethatIsetupinmymindtopracticetheartofpatience.Lifeitselfbecomesaclassroom,andthecurriculumispatience.Youcanstartwithaslittleasfiveminutesandbuildupyourcapacityforpatienceovertime.Whatyoulldiscoveristrulyamazing.Yourintentiontobepatient,especiallyifyouknowitsonlyforashortwhile,immed

53、iatelystrengthensyourcapacityforpatience.Patienceisoneofthosespecialqualitieswheresuccessfeedsonitself.Onceyoureachlittlemilestone(里程碑)-fiveminutesofsuccessfulpatience-youllbegintoseethatyoudoindeedhavethecapacitytobepatient,evenforlongerperiodsoftime.Overtime,youmayevenbecomeapatientperson.Beingpatientwillhelpyoutokeepyourperspective.Youllseeevenadifficultsituation,sayyourpresentchallenge,isnt“l(fā)ifeordeath”butsimplyaminorobstaclethatmustbedealtwith.70_.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepa