直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)方法

1、直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)方法:一、怎樣變?nèi)朔Q;下邊有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，假如從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。主語(yǔ)的人稱變化如:“一隨主”是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間從句中的人稱要依據(jù)主句中Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogowithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二隨賓”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱。或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。假如引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語(yǔ)。也能夠用第一人稱，如:HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?He

2、askedKatehowhersisterwasthen?！暗谌朔Q不更新”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。假如從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如:MrSmithsaid。Jackisagoodworker。MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker。二、怎樣變時(shí)態(tài):直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。此刻時(shí)它需改為過去時(shí)態(tài);過去時(shí)態(tài)改為達(dá)成時(shí);過去達(dá)成時(shí)則保存本來的時(shí)態(tài)。如:1)Shesaid.Ihavelostapen.Shesaidshehadlostapen2)Shesaid.Wehopeso.Shesaidtheyhope

3、dso.Shesaid.Hewillgotoseehisfriend。Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。但要注意在以下幾種狀況下。在直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真諦。Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。直接引語(yǔ)是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Jacksaid.John,wherewereyougoi

4、ngwhenImetyouinthestreet?JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。直接引語(yǔ)中有詳細(xì)的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:XiaoWangsaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980。XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。直接引語(yǔ)假如是一般此刻時(shí)。表示一種頻頻出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Hesaid,Igetupatsixeverymorning。Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。假如直接引語(yǔ)中的

5、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例:oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，(例:could,should,would,might)不再變。如:Petersaid.Youhadbettercomehavetoday。PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。三、怎樣變狀語(yǔ):直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“此刻”改為“本來”(例:now變成then,yesterday。變成thedaybefore)地址狀語(yǔ)，特別表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)，由“此”改為“彼”(例:this改為that),如:Hesaid,The

6、sebooksaremine.Hesaidthosebookswerehis.四、怎樣變句型:直接引語(yǔ)假如是陳說句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that指引的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語(yǔ)假如是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引的從句.如:Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.Youhavefinishedthehomework,haventyou?mym

7、otherasked.MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引假如是特別句，接引改由疑代或疑副引的從句從句必用述句序)。(Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引假如是祈使句，接引改tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.句型。如:Dontmakeanynoise,she

8、saidtothechildren.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.Bringmeacupoftea,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引假如是以“Lets”開的祈使句，接引，往常用“suggest+句(或從句)?！比?Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.引述人的有兩種方式:一是使用引號(hào)引出人家的原，叫做直接引把人家的述出來，叫做接引

9、。比如:;一是用自己的Johnsaid,ImgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.翰:我要和父到敦去。(引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引)JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.翰，他要和他父去敦。(從句是接引由直接引接引，分以下狀況:)1.直接引是述句接引that引的從句(口中that能夠省略)，主句的引述主要有say,tell,repeat,explain,think等。Hesaid,YouareyoungerthanI.-Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.2.直接引是疑句接引述序:主句的say改ask,或改wonde

10、r,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等。(1)一般疑句或反意疑句if(whether)引的從句。Sheaskedmeif(或whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.Sheaskedmewhether(或if)Ihadseenthefilm.疑句whether.or從句。Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.(3)特別疑句由本來的疑引的從句。Heasked,Wheredoyoulive?HeaskedmewhereIlived.3.直接引是

11、祈使句接引不定式，作ask,tell,beg,order,warn,advise等的足(dontnot).Theteachersaidtotheboy,Openthewindow.Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.Hisfathersaidtohim,Dontleavethedooropen.Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.注意(1)有些表示建議、建議、勸說或要求的祈使句，能夠用suggest,insist等動(dòng)詞加以轉(zhuǎn)述。比如:Hesaid,Letsgotothetheatre.Hesuggested(our)g

12、oingtothetheatre.或Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothetheatre.(2)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?heasked.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.Whydontyoutakeawalkaftersupper?heasked.headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.Shallwelistentothemusic?heasked.Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.4.直接引語(yǔ)是嘆息句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為what或how指引，也能夠用that指引。She

13、said,Whatalovelydayitis!Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.5.假如主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為各樣此刻時(shí)或一般未來時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞仍保持直接引語(yǔ)本來時(shí)態(tài)。假如主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)按以下變化:(1)一般此刻時(shí)變成一般過去時(shí)(2)此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)變成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(3)一般未來時(shí)變成過去未來時(shí)(4)此刻達(dá)成時(shí)變成過去達(dá)成時(shí)(5)一般過去時(shí)變成過去達(dá)成時(shí)(6)過去達(dá)成時(shí)不變，仍為過去達(dá)成時(shí)注意(1)假如直接引語(yǔ)是表示客觀真諦時(shí)，變成間接引語(yǔ)，一般此刻時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如:Theteachersa

14、idTheearthgoesroundthesun.Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.假如直接引語(yǔ)中有明確表示過時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)不改為過去達(dá)成時(shí)。如:Hesaidtome,Iwasbornin1973.Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973.(3)假如直接引語(yǔ)所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時(shí)和當(dāng)前相同奏效，變成間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般此刻時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如:Hesaid,Imaboy,notagirl.Hesaidthatheisaboy,notagirl.(4)假如直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示一種頻頻出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，在變成間接引時(shí)

15、，一般此刻時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如:Thegirlsaid,Igetupatsixeverymorning.Thegirlsaidthatshegetsupatsixeverymorning.(5)假如直接引語(yǔ)中含有since,when,while指引的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句，在變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，只改變主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，從句的一般過去時(shí)則不變。如:Hesaidtome,IhavetaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.HetoldmethathehadtaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.(6)假如直接引語(yǔ)中含有神態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,need,hadbetter以

16、及神態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式should,would,在變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些神態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)的改變。比如:Theteachersaidtome.Youmustpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.could,might,TheteachertoldmethatImust(haveto)paymoreattentiontomypronunciation.Hesaidthathecouldswimwhenhewasonlysix.6.代詞等一般地應(yīng)作用相應(yīng)的變化。指示代詞this-thatthese-those表示時(shí)間的詞now-thentoday-thatdaythisw

17、eek(month,etc)-thatweek(month,etc)yesterday-thedaybeforelastweek(month)-theweek(month)beforethreedays(ayear)ago-threedays(ayear)beforetomorrow-thenext(following)daynextweek(month)-thenext(following)week(month)表地址的詞here-there動(dòng)詞bring-takecome-go同音詞弱-week周weather_whether不-konw知道鹿-dear親愛的聽-here這兒為了-four四會(huì)見-meat肉寫-right對(duì)的高的-hi你好海洋-see看見太陽(yáng)-son兒子我-eye眼睛那邊-their他們的二-too太小時(shí)-our外面的經(jīng)過-buy買知道-new新的穿-where哪兒