非謂語動詞做題技巧市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

1、Non-finite Verb1. to do 2.-ing 3.done非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)專題第1頁1.謂語動詞：概述：2. 非謂語詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語動詞是動詞特殊形式，在句中能夠作除謂語外全部成份非謂語動詞講解一 ：謂語動詞與非謂語動詞判別謂語動詞及非謂語動詞方法1. She got off the bus, _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.2. She got off the bus, but _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.leavingleft第2頁非謂語動詞使用條件一個句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個主句（謂語動詞）,又沒

2、有連詞情況下, 還有別動詞出現(xiàn)時。 1. The man took out the key, _ (open) the door and entered the room.2. The man sat there, _ (read) a book.3. _ (work) hard, and you will succeed.4. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of great importance.5. _(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the Engli

3、sh corner every Saturday.openedreadingWork discussedTo improve 第3頁非謂語不定式（to do)分詞動名詞（-ing)過去分詞(-ed)現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)v- ingv-ed非謂語動詞講解二：組成第4頁動詞不定式基本形式主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)普通式完成式進行式 to doto be doneto have doneto have been doneto be doing由不定式符號to加動詞原形組成。其否定式由not+不定式組成有時為了強調(diào)也可用never第5頁 不定式時態(tài)使用方法 1. 不定式動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時，或之后發(fā)生,用普

4、通時態(tài) 1) He wanted _ (see) you. 2) I hope _(see) you again.to seeto seeto be readingto have writtento have been working4. 強調(diào)動作從過去某時開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能連續(xù)下 去時，用完成進行式 She is said (work) on the problem for many years.3. 強調(diào)不定式動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生時，用不定式完成時 He is said _ (write) a novel last year. 2. 強調(diào)不定式動作正在進行時， 用進行時態(tài) Wh

5、en I came in, he pretended (read) a book. 第6頁分詞基本形式被動語態(tài)完成式 主動語態(tài)普通式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donedone及物動詞（do)不及物動詞(go)主動語態(tài)having gonegonegoing第7頁3）否定形式“not+分詞”。 Not having found her child, the mother was very worried.注意1) 現(xiàn)在分詞 普通式表示和謂語動詞所表示動作同時發(fā)生或此時正在進行行為； 完成式（having +過去分詞)表示在謂語動詞

6、所表示動作之前發(fā)生動作。Seeing from here, we can have a good view of the Birds Nest. Having finished the lessons, all the students went back home.2) 過去分詞 表示在謂語動詞動作之前發(fā)生，本身表示被動含義，沒有完成式。第8頁非謂語動詞主語賓語表語定語賓補狀語不定式動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞非謂語動詞講解三：句法作用 第9頁動詞不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see you this eveningAll you

7、 have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to drink cold water after the operation. 主語 賓語表語 定語 狀語 賓補第10頁動詞不定式動詞-ing 形式動詞過去分詞普通式to dodoingdone普通被動式to be donebeing done完成式to have donehaving done完成被動式to have been donehaving be

8、en done進行式to be doing完成進行式to have been doing非謂語動詞形式（以do為例）第11頁Tom returned from the managers office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. Having reached the very peak of the Everest, the climbers c

9、heered against the fierce north wind. 4. He keeps buying expensive maps. 5. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.7. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers bought by her mother.8. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗爭。)找出以下句子

10、中非謂語動詞（含短語）第12頁下面從二個方面來復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞1.非謂語動詞七大經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2.非謂語動詞解題四大步驟第13頁一.非謂語動詞 七大經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第14頁原則一：用作目狀語，原則上要用不定式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用現(xiàn)在分詞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing或不定式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動意義時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過去分詞。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上應(yīng)與 主句主語保持一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：用不定式，表示動作還未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動作正在進行; 用過去分詞，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時表示被動意義英語非謂

11、語動詞題七條經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第15頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一：用作目標(biāo)狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用不定式When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. （江西卷） A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained【解析】因為進行航空飛行訓(xùn)練是他被派往那兒目標(biāo)，所以 要用不定式，所以可排除 A 和 B。另外，因為“他”與“訓(xùn)練” 為被動關(guān)系，故選 D。 如：She got up very early to catch up the first bu

12、s.2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.（廣東卷） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making to catch up the first bus.第16頁3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南卷)A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved4. He s

13、at _ to her _ the stairs. A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing 【解析】listen是伴隨sat而同時由主語he發(fā)出，所以用-ing 作伴隨狀語；listen to 后跟不帶to不定式/-ing作賓補。【解析】因為與句子主語之間為主動關(guān)系，且表示當(dāng) 時連續(xù)了一會 兒，故用-ing。句意為：當(dāng)信號燈變綠時，我站在那兒一會兒沒動，心想自己該怎么辦。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二： 用作伴隨狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用-ing. listen to do/doin

14、g 第17頁ing形式作伴隨狀語與 to do作目標(biāo)狀語區(qū)分：作伴隨狀語ing形式與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生且前面經(jīng)常帶一逗號;而作目標(biāo)狀語不定式動作要在謂語動詞動作后發(fā)生,且前面不能用逗號。用括號里詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. Write to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a

15、long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )preparingto resthopingTo keep,第18頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing或不定式，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分是，普通用-ing，表示一定邏輯結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. （天

16、津卷） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析 此處用-ing 表示自然而然結(jié)果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （山東卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reachin

17、g 第19頁 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. （陜西卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7.He hurried to the station, only _ that the train had left. (廣東卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料結(jié)果。第20頁練一練：The capt

18、ain got me to believe that the water was so warm so I went off into the Pacific to swim ashore to an island, only _(discover) his idea of warm wasnt quite the same as mine.He left his hometown 20 years ago , never _(see) again.He left his hometown 20years ago, never _ (return)to be seento returnto d

19、iscover擴展：S + V + , + never to do sth / to be done 某人做從未/再也不/ 不被第21頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動意義時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過去分詞。不過，假如所包括動作還未發(fā)生，則用不定式被動式；假如所包括動作正在進行，則用-ing被動式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. （浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 【解析】依據(jù)句意，此處指是“被聽見”，故要用被

20、動式，所以 可排除 B 和 C。另外，因為“設(shè)法被聽見”為目標(biāo)狀語，動作在 當(dāng)初還未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選 A。 第22頁11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixing C. having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed10. At the beginning of class, the noise of d

21、esks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析】of 后應(yīng)接-ing，desks 與open and close 之間存在邏輯上被動關(guān)系，又因could be heard，所以選-ing被動式表正在被進行動作。of a stranger his eyessittingseat vt. fix ones eyes upon=I was seated.I seate

22、d myself.=I sat down第23頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致.12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （陜西卷）A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John 13. While watching television，_. （全國卷III） A. the door bell rang

23、 B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell ringswatchingfaced with(be) faced with第24頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式（依據(jù)情況可用不定式完成式或ing完成式） 14._ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the w

24、orld. （湖北卷）Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D. to be separated 15. The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. （江西卷） A. who has made B. having made C. made D. makinglefthas第25頁16.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country Yes, I

25、n London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have studyinghe studied in ?he will study in?he studies in?CABisSb is said to do 聽說第26頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是： 用不定式，表示動作還未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動作正在進行; 用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the da

26、y after tomorrow. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 18. There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.（上海卷） A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors第27頁19. “Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help

27、 talking to myself. （湖南卷） A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost 20. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed!（全國I） A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt.lose sb/sth注：受 the first， the second . the last 修飾名詞或代詞后標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用不定式作定語。練一練：你是第二個犯這錯誤人。 You are the second to make t

28、he mistake. 第28頁Translate the following sentences into English.1. 這是一個已經(jīng) 討論了問題。2. 這是一個正在 討論問題。3. 這是一個將要 討論問題。This is a problem discussed. （已經(jīng)完成被動動作）This is a problem being discussed. （正在進行被動動作）This is a problem to be discussed. （將要進行被動動作）discussed being discussed to be discussed已經(jīng)正在將要第29頁原則一：用作目狀語，標(biāo)

29、準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動意義時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作 之前時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則一：用作目狀語，原則上用不定式.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上用-ing.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語，可用-ing/ to do ,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分是：-ing 表示一定邏輯結(jié)果，to do 表示非邏輯結(jié)果。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是有被動意義時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過去分詞。 假如動作還未發(fā)生，則用不定式被動形式； 假如動作正在進行，則用-ing被動形式。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上其邏輯主語應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，

30、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式（-ing 完成式或不定式完成式）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生；-ing表示動作正在進行：過去分詞表示動作完成，被動。第30頁二. 非謂語動詞解題四大步驟第31頁（一）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),區(qū)分“謂語與非謂語”_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC_A注意連

31、詞第32頁3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點符號第33頁 非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍含有動詞特點，其邏輯上動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二）找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book

32、found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 普通來說，作狀語非謂語動詞邏輯主語是句子主語；作賓補非謂語動詞邏輯主語是賓語；作定語非謂語動詞邏輯主語是被修飾詞。第34頁 A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD B1._ everything into consideratio

33、n, they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.Everythingthey第35頁（三）分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系?！癥ou cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two studen

34、ts were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. LosingJane the two students第36頁（四）分析時態(tài)1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.having been built B.to be built C.being bui

35、lt D. built _C_B_D第37頁二. 找邏輯主語三、分析語態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)一. 區(qū)分“謂與非謂”三. 非謂語動詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)第38頁Practice第39頁從高考試題看非謂語動詞考查方向考點一：考查非謂語動詞和謂語動詞區(qū)分。1. The sun was setting when my car _31_(break) down near a remote and poor village. 2. While she was getting me _34_(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of

36、the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. brokesettled第40頁 1.For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop_32_(help) it grow”, is based on the following story. 2.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _40_ (res

37、ult) in the contrary to our intention. to helpresults第41頁1.She wished that he was as easy _32_ （please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. 2.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or _34_ （push）you with their elbows（肘部），h

38、urrying ahead to get to a bargain. 3.Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _40_ （inform).to pleasepushedwas informed第42頁1.After a four-day journey, the young man_33_ (present) the water to the old man. 2.After the student left, the teacher let another studen

39、t taste the water. He spit it out, _37_(say) it was awful. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. presentedsayingsitting/sitwas pretending第43頁考點二：考查非謂語動詞作定語。例2（高考湖南卷）21. The ability _ （express）an idea is as important as the id