高考中冠詞的用法-完整精講版課件

1、 Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article 冠詞的定義 冠詞是置于名詞之前、說明名詞所表示的人或事物的一種虛詞。冠詞也可以說是名詞的一種標(biāo)志，它不能離開名詞而單獨(dú)存在。冠詞有三個(gè):即定冠詞(definite article)、不定冠詞(indefinite article)和零冠 (zero article)。 不定冠詞有兩個(gè)形式,一個(gè)是a, 另一個(gè)是an。 a 用在輔音(指的是音標(biāo)不是指字母)開頭的詞前, an 用在以元音開頭的詞前。 a university, an umbrella, a European, an example, a

2、 one-act play, an hourMrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting -she has won two national prizes.A. a; a B. an; theC. an; a D. the; a不定冠詞的基本用法 泛指某一類人或事物的一個(gè)。 A boy is waiting for you. 表示某一類人或事物, 相當(dāng)于any, A horse is an animal. 用于首次提到的人或物的單數(shù)名詞前 面。An old cock is sitting in a tall

3、tree. 用于描寫自然現(xiàn)象的名詞前，表示“一 陣”、“一場(chǎng)”、“一種”等。例如： snow- a snow 一場(chǎng)雪shower- a shower 一陣暴雨 用在抽象名詞之前表示具體介紹:是 什么樣的人，是什么樣的事物。The little girl is a joy to her parents. He is a success. 和你一塊共事很愉快。It is a pleasure to work with you.He did me a great kindness.What a great surprise you gave me. 用于某些固定的詞組。 a lot of/ a lo

4、ts 很多 a few 有些 a little 一些 a piece of 一張 to have a rest 休息一下 as a matter of face 事實(shí)上定冠詞的基本用法: 特指某個(gè)或某些人或事物, 或指談話 雙方都知道的人或事物, 或重復(fù)上文 提到的人或事物。例如：How do you like the film?There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat. 指世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。The earth i

5、s biggest than the moon, but smaller than the sun. the sky; the universe; the atmosphere 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前, 表示某一類 人或事物。如：The lion is more fierce than the wolf. The compass was invented in ancient China. 常用在樂器的名稱之前。如： play the violin/piano 用在某些專有名詞前：the Peoples Republic of China, the Great Wall, the White H

6、ouse; 在江河、山脈、海洋、湖泊、群島的名詞之前： the Changjiang River; the Yellow River; the Salt Lake在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前加定冠詞, 表示一家人。 the Smiths 史密斯一家人 The Wangs live in the next-door house.不加冠詞的情況： 在大多數(shù)專有名詞、泛指的抽象名 詞和物質(zhì)名詞前： We love science. She is fond of music. 在星期、月份、季節(jié)或節(jié)假日等名 詞前： National Day; New Years Day; Womens Day 在稱呼語、表示頭

7、銜或職務(wù)的名詞前 Whats wrong with you, Uncle? This is Comrade Yang, chairman of the Students Union.He reported this to Mr Black headmaster of the school. 在三餐飯和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前： I like rice for supper. Lets go and watch them play chess. 國(guó)名、人名前面，一般不加定冠詞。 China, Japan, England, Mary, Henry等。但有的國(guó)名例外，如: the United

8、States, the Philippines, the Peoples Republic of China。 Finish activity 1 on students books. Because they are all uniquethere is only one of them.We usually use the definite article (the) with them. Why do you think this is necessary?The Internet, the World Wide Web , the head teacher , the universe

9、,The world, the sun, the moon, the president, the capitalNotice:I decided to take a year off to travel the world Theres a world of difference between the US and Europe It was the first of August, a perfect day, with a burning sun and cloudless sky.Finish activity 2. Continents: Asia, Europe, Oceania

10、; America,AntarcticaCountries: China, Argentina, Australia, India, France (exceptions: The Netherlands, The Lebanon, the Philippians)Cities: Beijing, London, New York, Sydney, Shanghai (exceptions: The Hague)Plural and uncountable nouns in general statements: Snow is cold. Guns are dangerous.Is ther

11、e (a/the) computer at your school?Do you have (a/the) lesson in the computer room?_Finish activity 3. Choose the correct article to complete each question.3. Can you access (an/the) Internet at school?4. Have you got (a/ the) phone at home?5. Have you got (a/the) computer at home? _1. Does _ headmas

12、ter know how to use a computer?2. Are_ computer important?3. Can you access _ Internet at school?the/theComplete the sentences with the definite article if necessary.4. You need _ software to use a computer?5. _ World Wide Web is full of _ websites./The/EXX. 1.In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by_

13、beauty of _ nature that he stayed or another night. A. /;/ B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 2. Many people are still in _habit of writing silly things in _ public places. A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the 3. Five years ago her brother was _ university student of _ physics. A. a; the B. an; the

14、C. an; / D. a; / 4. -Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. - Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 5. I love _ history because it give us _ knowledge of past events. A.the, a B. /;a C. /; / D. a; the 6. Most animals have little connection with_ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the7. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today. A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /;