語法專題四代詞順序No 詳細(xì)版課件

1、語法專題（四）代 詞代詞學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)（1）人稱代詞（形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞、人稱代詞）；（2）反身代詞（3）指示代詞（it，that，one，ones等的用法）；（4）不定代詞（不定代詞所指代的內(nèi)容及其單復(fù)數(shù)；不定代詞的否定意義等）代詞概述代詞是代替人或事物名稱的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為： 人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、自身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞八種。一人稱代詞人稱代詞是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我們”、“你們”、“他們”的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化，見下表：數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)格主格

2、 賓格 主格賓格 第一人稱 Ime we us第二人稱youyouyouyou he himthey them 第三人稱shehertheythem it it they them 如：He is my friend.他是我的朋友。Its me.是我。二、 物主代詞物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種，其人物和數(shù)的變化見下表。形容詞性物主代詞myyourhis/her its our yourtheir名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his/hers its ours yourstheirs如： I like his car.我喜歡

3、他的小汽車。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.我們的學(xué)校在這兒，他們的在那兒。三、 指示代詞指示代詞表示“那個”、“這個”、“這些”、“那些”等指示概念的代詞。指示代詞有this，that，these，those等。如： That is a good idea.那是個好主意。四、反身代詞表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我們自己”、“你們自己”和“他們自己”等的代詞，叫做自身代詞，也稱為“反身代詞”。Myself, yourself, himself, itself, herself Ourselves, themselves如： She

4、was talking to herself. 她自言自語。五、 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫相互代詞，有each other 和one another兩組，但在運(yùn)用中，這兩組詞沒什么區(qū)別。如： They love each other.他們彼此相愛。六、不定代詞不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有:a11，both，each，every等，以及 含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代詞，如anybody，something，no one。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語，但none和由some，any，no等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語

5、、賓語或表語；every和no只能作定語。如：- Do you have a car? -你有一輛小汽車嗎？- Yes，I have one.-是的，我有一輛。- I dont know any of them. 他們，我一個也不認(rèn)識。10七、 疑問代詞疑問代詞有who，whom,whose，what和which等。在句子中用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問代詞都可用作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句）如：Tell me who he is. 告訴我他是誰。八、 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。它們在定語從句中

6、可作主語、表語、賓語、定語等；另一方面它們又代表主句中為定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞（通稱為先行詞）。如： He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那個人。 人稱代詞 主格 I we you he she it they賓格 me us you him her it them物主代詞 形容詞性 my your his her its their名詞性 mine ours yours his hers its theirs反身代詞單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself復(fù)數(shù) oursel

7、ves yourselves themselves指示代詞 this that these those疑問代詞 who whose which what不定代詞 any some nobody each關(guān)系代詞 which that who as相互代詞 each other, one another連接代詞 what who that14代詞de用法1.人稱代詞 1).排序You and I you and usMy friends and IYou or theyYou, him and me you,Jim and II and the old man living next doorW

8、e and the students of the collegeI and she are to blame2).人稱代詞的指代作用A.指代動物The dog waved his tail when he saw his master.She ( the cat) has adapted herself to a life on the island.B.指代星球，國家，黨派等The moon shines her rays on all.）短語At ones best 出色,處于最佳狀態(tài)(表)At best 至多，充其量（狀）For ones good為了某人的利益For good 永遠(yuǎn)地

9、Put ones heart into專注于Put heart into 鼓舞某人For ones life 拼命地For life 終生Lose ones heart to愛上Lose heart 灰心Ahead of ones time (思想)超越時代Ahead of time 提前2.物主代詞1. （男性代詞須放于女性代詞之前）Which do you prefer, his or her paper? 2.（雙重所有格）This is no fault of hers.A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.3.動名詞前一般使用形容詞性物主

10、代詞We are surprised at his not passing the exam.Would you mind my opening the window?Of ones own（表自己的）The moon has no light of its own.She said she had nothing of her own.He always has views of his own.Bob wanted to have a room of his own.3.指示代詞1.) 指代前面所提到過的事物He had a cold. Thats why he was absent.To

11、 be or not to be, that is a question.Will your father lend her the car? That he wont.She has taken it.That she has.They say John is cruel,but I know he cannot be that.）常用this或these起啟下的作用This is what we shall discuss tomorrow.Liquor, coffee and cigar: these are my friends.3)this/that同介詞連用，表特定含義With t

12、his, he went out. =so sayingAt this, she burst into laughing. =seeing this or hearing thisUpon this, he sat down by the window. =and thenSince that, I have never seen her. =Since that time4)this/these/that/those同 very連用表示強(qiáng)調(diào)We must leave this very minute.That very accident cost her life.These very me

13、n are the people suitable for the job.）習(xí)語和特殊用法That is why you failed.That is because you didnt come on time.That will do.Thats it!Thats all.So thats that.What of that?That is how I made it.不定代詞1.all的用法 2.something/ anything/everything等的慣用語 3.one,it, that 4.no one/ none一. all的用法1.all 接this/that或單數(shù)名詞,

14、動詞用單數(shù)He remained unknown all his life.He waited in all the afternoonHe studied all day, all night.All this (all that) is madness.2.For all/ with all + 抽象名詞,表示”盡管”For all their opposition, he went his own way.不管他們怎么反對, 他堅持走自己的路.With all his wealth, he isnt happy.盡管他十分富有, 但并不幸福3.可以同復(fù)數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞連用, 表示”非常,

15、 聚精會神地”, “僅有的,唯一的”He is all ears / eyes.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.That is all the news I learn.4. all 作代詞All is over.全完了.Music is her all.Is that all?All said and done, life is struggle.說到底, 生活就是奮斗.5.all 位于行為動詞前,be動詞后.All were in tears at news.All of them were in tears at the news.T

16、hey were all in tears at the news.They all shed tears at the news.二.something/ anything/ everything等的慣用法1. something like(大約), or something類似的(不肯定時用), be something of a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)(用于肯定句), “有點(diǎn).的味道或氣質(zhì),有一定程度的”He is a painter or something.She is something of a scholar.something:頗為重要或值得重視的人和物He is somethi

17、ng in our city.She thought she was something since she came out first.2. everything:最重要的人和物Speed is something but economical benefit is everything.Faculty is something but diligence is everything.才干固然重要,但最為重要的勤奮.Money is something but health is everything.三. one, it , that 的用法one- 單數(shù),泛指(a+名). 同類不同物o

18、nes- 復(fù)數(shù), 泛指. 同類不同物the one 單數(shù), 特指the ones復(fù)數(shù),特指that代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名, 特指=the+ The climate of my native town is not as warm as _ of Tiawan.She doesnt like this pen, she likes _ you lent to Jim.A wall made of bricks is much firmer than _ of mud.thatthe oneoneThe speed of communications today, as opposed to _

19、 has great altered the manner in which business is conducted.A the one of yesterday B communication yesterday. C that of yesterday D communications speed a long time ago.c四,no one / none的用法no one = nobody 只指人, 后面不跟介詞of連用構(gòu)成的短語none: 既可指人, 也可指物.根據(jù)后面of的賓語或上下文而定.同樣someone, anyone, everyone只指人some one , e

20、very one, any one可指人,也可跟of連用_ the girls came on the trip. A No B Nobody C None of D No one ofYou said the books were on the desk but _ there.A there are no one B there were none C there were no ones D was nonecBHe was left alone, with _ to look after himA someone B anyone C not one D no oneD五.this 和

21、that能否做形式主語或形式賓語? (不可以)Correct the mistakes:I believe that my duty to see you through the crisis.Due to the refraction of light rays, this is impossible for the naked eye to determine the exact location of a star close to the horizon.itit六.Somebody elses 和who elseselse 常同復(fù)合代somebody ,anybody, someth

22、ing, somewhere, nothing, anything等一起使用. Somebody else 的所有格somebody elses. 例如: The dictionary is not mine. It is somebody elses.else還常同疑問詞一起使用,位于其后. who else的所有格是 who elses. 例如:When else can I try again?(=At what other time )How else can you do it?(=In what other way) If this pen is not yours, who el

23、ses can it be?下面兩句也是正確說法:There is not much else to do.There is little else to enjoy.人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱數(shù)量單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格我我們你你們他她它他們賓格我我們你你們他她它他們物主代詞形容詞性我的我們的你的你們的他的她的它的他們的名詞性我的我們的你的你們的他的她的它的他們的47人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱數(shù)量單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞主格賓格物主代詞形容詞性名詞性48_(我) mother is a teacher. _（她） teaches _（我） every day.Jims

24、 brother is a student. _ （他）goes to school at seven. I often see _ （他）on the street. _（他的） school bag is very big. I think there are many books in _（他的）bag.49What does _ （you）father do? Does _ （you）father work in the hospital? You look like _（you） father very much. Many people think _ （you）look the

25、same. Can _ （you）tell what _（you） fathers name is? Can I call _(he) Uncle Jeff?50_ (we)have a very big classroom. There are many desks in _ (we) classroom. Every day _(we) have classes in the room. But you cant see _ (we) in the room in lunch time. _(we) are not in at that time. _(we) teachers often

26、 come to _(we) classroom to give lessons for _(we) 51Look, this is a picture of Lilys family. There are five people in _(she) family. _(she) is a student. _(she) grandparents stay at home. _ (she)parents are both working outside. _(she) lives with _ (she) grandparents. But _(she) often go to see _(s

27、he) parents on weekends. _(she) are very happy to see _(she). 526. _(I ) have a cat. _(it) name is Mimi. _(it) is very cute. _(we) love _(it) very much. _(it) often sleeps in the day and gets up at night. _(it) favorite food is fish. But _(it) also likes to eat meat. Do _(you) love _(it)? 537. What

28、is the name of the bird ? -We call _( it ) Polly .8. Amy is good at swimming .Why not go swimming with _( she ) ?549. Let _( I ) help _(your) ,Will you ?10. Is that watch _(you) ? -No ,_(Its) is quite different from _( I ).11. Who teaches _( you ) math ? -Miss Wang does .She loves _( we ) very much

29、.5512. Jim is too young .Could you look after _ ( he ) ?13. -Whose books are these under the desk ? - _( it ) are mine . -Please put _ ( it ) away ._ ( your ) must look after your things .14. Look ! Some boys are over there ,Let s play with _ ( they ).561. The pencil box isnt _ . Its _. A. yours, hi

30、s B. your, hers C. mine, hes D. his, her2. Do you remember_ telephone number.A. yours B. him C. hers D. his573. Those arent _ books. Are they _ ? A. our, your B. our, his C. ours, her D. ours, theirs4. When she was in trouble. She always asked _ to help her.A. him and me B. him and I C. he and me D.

31、 he and I585. Is _ here? -No, Jim and Mary have asked for leave.A. somebody B. nobody C. everybody D. anybody6. Linda, theres somebody knocking at the door. Go and see who _ is. A. he B. she C. it D. that597. Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything8

32、. Hello! This is 9837456. -Hello! This is Tom. Who is _? A. this B. that C. it D. one609. Their English teacher is from America., but _ is from England.A. ours B. my C. your D.her10. Many of them heard about that film, but _ had time to see it.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 6111. -_ idea did

33、you take? -Johns.A. What B. Who C. Where D. Whose12. Jack, good boy! Please pass_ the glasses. I want to read the newspaper. A. you B. me C. him D. her6263人稱代詞1. It was _ who did it, but it was _ that we are talking about. A. he she B. him her C. him she D. he her 解析：主語主格，賓語賓格，強(qiáng)調(diào)句中也不受影響。642. Susan,

34、go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing.A. him B. he C. I D. me 解析：在簡短對話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在 not 后，多用賓格。人稱代詞65e.g. I like English. Me too. Have more wine? Not me.但是，電話用語中用主格。 I wish to speak to Mary. This is she.人稱代詞663. _ should be to blame.A. He, you and I B.

35、You, he and I C. You, him and me D. I, you and he 解析：人為前我為后，你在先他在后。人稱代詞67物主代詞1. Is this camera like Bills and Anns? No, but its almost the same as _. A. her B. yours C. them D. their 解析：形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，不能獨(dú)立使用; 名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞。682. I really appreciate _ coming. A. your B. yours C. you D. / 解析：形容詞性物主代詞以及賓格代

36、詞可作非謂語動詞的邏輯主語，用以突出此動作的發(fā)出者。物主代詞69不定代詞 every & each_ he goes out for some food. A. Every a few days B. Every few days C. Each few days D. Each a few days70不定代詞 every & each each強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，可作代詞或形容詞；every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，只作形容詞 not each為完全否定；not every為部分否定 every可表每隔的71不定代詞 some & any I wonder if I can take _ of these book

37、s to read home. Go ahead. You can take _ one you like. A. some; any B. some; some C. any; some D. any; any72不定代詞 some & any some多用于肯定句，但希望對方有肯定回答時可用于疑問句；而any用于否定句和疑問句，但表“任何一個”時可用于肯定句 some表“某一”時后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，如： You will be sorry for this some day.73不定代詞 another / other / the other / others / the others1

38、. Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _. A. the other B. some other C. others D. these others74不定代詞 another / other / the other / others / the others2. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _ white. A. the other is B. another C. the other D. another is75不定代詞 another / other / the other / others / the others3. The Smiths have three sons