新譯林英語八年級英語下冊自主預(yù)習(xí)知識點(diǎn)必知必會必背

1、新譯林英語八年級英語下冊自主預(yù)習(xí)知識點(diǎn)必知必會必背Unit 1 Past and presentchangev. 改變 You have changed a lot.n. 變化（可數(shù)）There are many changes in my hometown.找零（不可數(shù)）Here is your change.usev. 使用n. 用途 be in use = be in service短語： used to do sth be used to doing sth be used for be used to do （被 動）by + 交通工具= on / in / take + a + 交

2、通工具如： by bus = take / on a busby car = in a car by bike = on a bikeinterviewv. 采訪；會談interview sbn. 面試；訪談give an interview to sbhave an interview with sbin the northern part of towneast/west/south/north + ern f adj.marryv.嫁，娶，與結(jié)婚 marry sb marry sb to sb be/get married to sbn. marriagemovev.移動 move to

3、 搬至Umove away 搬走 move out of 從搬出adj. moving 感人的moved 感動的over the years = during the yearsturnv. turn on 開turn off 關(guān)turn up 調(diào)高turn down 調(diào)低turn to sb for help 向某人尋求幫助turn into 變成n.依次、輪流 take one s turn to do sthn. turning 轉(zhuǎn)彎處putput into 放入put up 舉起；張貼put down 放下put off 推遲put away 收好、放好put on 穿上put out

4、 熄滅take action to do sth 采取措施做improve the situation 改善現(xiàn)狀n. improvementin some ways 在某些方面，某種程度上in the way 阻礙on one s way福去的路上by the way順便說一下as often as before 和以前一樣頻繁feel a bit lonelylonely 孤獨(dú)的；偏僻的alone 單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自a bit = a little “一點(diǎn)兒”（修飾 v./adj./adv./ 比較級）a bit of = a little 修飾 n.not a bit = not at all 一

5、點(diǎn)都不許not a little = very（much） 很、非常from time to time = at times = sometimes 有時語法：現(xiàn)在完成時定義、結(jié)構(gòu)（過去分詞的構(gòu)成）Unit 2 Travellingjoin / join in / take part in / attendjoin 加入黨派、團(tuán)體、社會組織join the Party/armyjoin sb in doing sthjoin in 和某人一起做某事，常用于口語join sb in sthjoin sb in doing sthtake part in 參加活動attend 出席（正式場合的會議

6、）miss 錯過；思念missing （adj.） = gone = lost 丟失的、不見的spend/cost/take/pay 區(qū)別have fun = have a good/great time = enjoy oneselffunn.樂趣（不可數(shù)）adj.有趣的funny滑稽搞笑的through / across / over / past 區(qū)別hurry to 趕往 hurry up 快點(diǎn)run after 追趕run across 偶然遇到run away 跑掉run out of 從跑出rush out沖出run v. 跑；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)can t stop doing = can t

7、 hepdoing做can t help to d杯能幫助做can t wait to do!不及待做感官動詞smell/look/sound/tastedo some shopping 購物a couple of 幾個、一些do some shopping 購物a couple of 幾個、一些at the end/beginning ofwatch/see/look 區(qū)別in front of/in the front of區(qū)別couple 對、夫婦in the end/beginning in the end = finally = at lastfor / since 區(qū)別語法： ha

8、ve been to / have gone to for / since 區(qū)別Unit 3 Online tourssearch for information 搜索信息look for 尋找send and receive emails 收發(fā)郵件 send to 發(fā)送 receive 收至Uat the top of / on the top of on 側(cè)重“面”,at 側(cè)重點(diǎn)（反義） at the bottomofAsiaf AsianAfricafAfrican EuropefEuropean AmericafAmericanat the southern end of 在的南端fu

9、rther on 再向前，更遠(yuǎn)處thousands of 成千上萬的，數(shù)以千計(jì)的（不確定的數(shù)thousand 加 s）three thousand students （特定的數(shù)無s）on New Year s Ev除夕the early / late twentieth century 在二十世紀(jì)早/晚期hear of = hear about 聽說hear from 收到來信meanv. mean to do sth 打算做mean doing sth 意味著n. meaning 意思adj. meaningful 有意義的meaningless 無意義的語法：現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別U

10、nit 4 A good readdecide to do 決定做make (a decision) / decisions to doreach vt. 夠到，到達(dá)arrive vi.arrive at/in 到達(dá) get to 到達(dá)as far as I know據(jù)我所知as far as和一樣遠(yuǎn)；居U所知；盡可能 as far as - possibleby the time到時間be tired out筋疲力盡be tired of對感到厭倦fall down跌倒 fall off從跌落 fall over被絆倒on the beach 在海灘wake up 醒rise/raise 區(qū)

11、別rise vi. 升起raise vt. 舉起；撫養(yǎng)be tired to 束縛于 be tied with/by 被捆綁move up 向前移動look down 向下看look down upon 鄙視look up 向上看look up to 尊敬as + adj. /adv. + as = the same + n. + as 和樣talk to /with sb about sth 和某人談?wù)撃呈耺anage to do 設(shè)法做成某事= succeed in doing語法：特殊疑問詞+不定式；must/ have to 區(qū)別Unit 5 Good mannersbe old en

12、ough to do sth 足夠大去做某事enough 放在 adj./adv.的后面 ,n.的前面，如 enough moneybe not enough to do = be too to do = so - that 從句如：I m not old enough to go to school.我太小而不能去上學(xué)。=I m too young to go to school.=I m so young that I can t go to school.share sth with sb 和某人分享某物cut in 打斷 interrupt 打斷 disturb 打擾You re ne

13、ver too old to learns至U老學(xué)至U老。drop litter everywhere 到處丟垃圾垃圾： litter rubbish waste everywhere = here and thereleave the tap running leave表使處于白狀態(tài) leave sth +地點(diǎn)“把某物落在某地”keep / stay quiet / silent 系表結(jié)構(gòu)保持”pick flowers 摘花pick up 撿起；搭便車；偶然學(xué)會obey / follow traffic rules 遵守交通規(guī)則queue = stand in line 排隊(duì)jump a q

14、ueue 插隊(duì)keep the library clean ( V + O + OC )invite sb to sp邀請某人去某地invite sb to do sth邀請某人做某事(常考被動)shake one s handFfor the first time 第一次 at frist 首先greet people with a kiss以親吻的方式和人打招呼relatives and close friends 親朋好友a(bǔ)void doing 避免做weigh v.重達(dá)weight n.重量behave politely 舉止禮貌bravely widely rudelypush in

15、 before others 插隊(duì)bump into 撞到as well = too 也all the time 一直、總是loudly / aloud loudly adv.強(qiáng)調(diào)大聲aloudadv.強(qiáng)調(diào)出聲be helpful to sb對某人有幫助helpless無助的、沒用的just as the saying goes 俗話說得好When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗語法：enough to / too to 句型Unit 6 Sunshine for allvolunteerv. / n.志愿(者) adj.voluntary 志愿的some

16、more food 更多的食物數(shù)字 + more = another + 數(shù)字own on one s own = by onesef獨(dú)、 獨(dú)自 of one s owh自己的提供 provide sb sth = provide sth for sb offer sb sth = offer sth to sbshow sth to sb向某人展示某物include v. 包括 including prep.be similar to 和相似be familiar to 為所熟悉be familiar with對熟悉give up放棄 give away贈送 give out泄露 give

17、off發(fā)出煙、光、熱make the event a great success ( V + O + OC) success n. successful adj. succeed v.feel like doing 想要做 =would like to doachieve their dreams 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想 achievement n.成就：It is + adj. ( for / of sb ) + to do sth 用法Unit 7 International charitiesdonatetodonateto 捐贈have a big lunch 吃大餐basic education

18、基礎(chǔ)教育poor areas貧困地區(qū)base n.基礎(chǔ) educational adj.教育的equal rights平等權(quán)利prevent / keep / stop sb from doing 阻止某人做operatevt.操作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) n. Operator操作工vi.做手術(shù) operate on sb n.手術(shù) operation(s)hope to do 希望做hope sb.+ that 從句 / will docan t afford to dot付不起be proud（adj.） to = take pride（n.） in 驕傲improve their lives 改善生活improvement n. 改善、提高carry on = go on 繼續(xù)carry out 執(zhí)行語法：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去時的被動Unit 8 A green worldbe serious about = take sth seriously 嚴(yán)肅對待a serious illness 一個嚴(yán)重的病care about 關(guān)心，在乎care for 照顧，喜歡take care = be careful 小心take care of