專題09 動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)專練（二）（解析版）

1、 8/8高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法考點動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)專練（二）解析版一、基礎(chǔ)達標測試（本題共20小題，每題1分，共20分）1.When I came across that poster, a good idea suddenly _ (occur) to me.【答案】occurred【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。句意：當我偶然看到那張海報時，我突然想到一個好主意。從句的謂語動詞came across用一般過去時，主句的謂語動詞occur也要用一般過去時，故填occurred.2.When the dog attacked him, he _(defence) himself from attack

2、with a stick.【答案】defended【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：當狗攻擊他時，他用棍子自衛(wèi)。根據(jù)When the dog attacked him可知敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)用一般過去時；defend.from.表示“防衛(wèi)以免于”，固定短語。故填defended.3.Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, which _ (make) the land a happy home for the local people.【答案】makes【解析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：大自然為香格里拉提供了無

3、盡的自然寶藏，使這片土地成為當?shù)厝说男腋＜覉@。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處是定語從句的謂語部分；從句所述為客觀事實，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；which指代的是前面所述的事實，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用三單形式。故填makes.4.It used to be a remote town set in a valley where a stream _ (wind) its way through the cottages.【答案】wound【解析】句意：那曾是一個遙遠的小鎮(zhèn)，坐落在山谷里，山谷中一條小溪蜿蜒流過村舍。根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞used to可知，定語從句中的動詞wind“蜿蜒”也應(yīng)用過去式。故填wound.5

4、.Yesterday I went shopping, _(buy) some books and had dinner at a good restaurant.【答案】bought【解析】考查動詞一般過去時。句意：昨天我去購物，買了些書，在一家不錯的餐館吃了晚飯。句子中有yesterday，用一般過去時，和went、had是并列謂語，故填bought.6.It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he _(serve) as an interpreter in a foreign enterpri

5、se.【答案】is serving【解析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：從吉米教高中到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)快五年了，他現(xiàn)在正在一家外國企業(yè)擔(dān)任翻譯。主語是he，謂語用單數(shù)，描述現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作用現(xiàn)在進行時，故填is serving.7.Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall, the meeting _ (start).【答案】will have started【解析】考查將來完成時。根據(jù)By the time可知，主句用完成時；By the time引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，因此空格處為將來完成時，即“will have+過去分

6、詞”，start的過去分詞為started，故填will have started.8.Only when the war was over in 1918 _ (be) he able to get happily back to work.【答案】was【解析】考查時態(tài)、倒裝和主謂一致。句意：直到1918年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束，他才能愉快地回到工作崗位。only+狀語或狀語從句置于句首，句子用部分倒裝，結(jié)合句意，本句是一般過去時，主語是he，故用was，故填was.9.After Sang Lan fell to the gymnastics mat with a broken neck, she _

7、 (rush) to a top hospital in New York.【答案】was rushed【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，本空是復(fù)合句中主句的謂語部分，根據(jù)前面的時間狀語從句可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，rush sb to a hospital匆忙送某人去醫(yī)院，動詞rush和主語she是動賓關(guān)系，謂語要用被動語態(tài)，主語she，是單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)形式，故填was rushed.10.The pretty girl passing by _(catch ) the eye of all the people standing there.【答案】caught【解析】

8、考查一般過去時。句意：那個經(jīng)過的漂亮女孩吸引了站在那里的所有人的目光。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空應(yīng)填謂語動詞；根據(jù)句意，用一般過去時，catch的過去式為caught.故填caught.11.Meanwhile, we cant neglect the fact that it must _ (operate) with a phone and a network.【答案】be operated【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。句意：同時，我們不能忽視它必須通過電話和網(wǎng)絡(luò)來操作的事實。根據(jù)句意，主語it與動詞operate之間是被動關(guān)系，且設(shè)空處前有情態(tài)動詞must，需用情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)must

9、be done的形式。operate操作，動詞原形；operated過去分詞。故填be operated.12.He is the only one of the citizens who _ (kill) by COVID-19 in our city so far.【答案】has been killed【解析】由從句的時間狀語so far和空后by COVID-19可知，空處定語從句的謂語動詞需用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：has/have been done，因為先行詞被the only修飾，所以空處助動詞需用has.故填has been killed.13.Each working day,

10、 The Daily is _(update) on the website every hour, unless otherwise indicated.【答案】updated【解析】考查動詞。句意：除另有注明外，該日報于每個工作天每小時更新一次。結(jié)合句意本句是被動語態(tài)，此處應(yīng)用update的過去分詞updated，故填updated.13.Shakespeares play Hamlet _ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.【答案】has been made【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。over t

11、he past years在過去幾年中，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；Hamlet與make之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)，綜合用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動形式have/has been done.因Hamlet作主語，故用has.故填has been made.14.The rest of the books _ (return) to the library the other day.【答案】were returned【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：其余的書前幾天還回了圖書館。根據(jù)后面的時間狀語the other day可知，本句是一般過去時；books和return之間是被動關(guān)系，所以本句是一般過去

12、時的被動語態(tài)，主語是books，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填were returned.15.During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, all the people were_(forbid) to go out.【答案】forbidden【解析】考查一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語all the people 與forbid是被動關(guān)系，此句使用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成是was/were+動詞過去分詞。forbid禁止，動詞原形，過去分詞是forbidden.故填forbidden.16.Every boy and e

13、very girl in that school _(invite) to attend a lecture on how to improve English yesterday.【答案】was invited【解析】考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：昨天那個學(xué)校的每個男孩和女孩都被邀請去聽一個關(guān)于如何提高英語的講座。根據(jù)時間狀語yesterday可知，本句要用一般過去時；主語Every boy and every girl和謂語動詞invite是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，因此要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；“every+名詞+and+every+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，因此be動詞要用was。故填

14、was invited.17.It _ (acknowledge) that wealth doesnt necessarily mean happiness.【答案】is acknowledged【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：眾所周知，財富并不一定意味著幸福。Its acknowledged+that從句，是固定句型，其中acknowledged是過去分詞，it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是主語從句，與acknowledge是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)that后面的從句that wealth doesnt necessarily mean happiness.的時態(tài)，此處應(yīng)用應(yīng)用過去分詞與is構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)

15、在時的被動語態(tài)。故填is acknowledged.18.We _ (stick) in traffic for over an hour.【答案】were stuck【解析】考查被動語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我們遇上堵車，堵了一個多小時。we和stick之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；描述過去的事實用一般過去時。故填were stuck.19.You will not _ (permit) to enter the building without the correct password.【答案】be permitted【解析】句意：沒有正確的密碼，你是不允許進入這座大樓

16、的。根據(jù)句意可知，這里的主語和謂語之間是被動關(guān)系，需用被動語態(tài)，又因為情態(tài)動詞后面需要接動詞原形，故填be permitted.20.The babys parents were killed in the accident and he _(adopt) by an old man.【答案】was adopted【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：這個嬰兒的父母在事故中喪生，他被一位老人收養(yǎng)了。本句描述的是過去發(fā)生的一件事，故用一般過去時；根據(jù)句意他是被收養(yǎng)，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，并且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填was adopted.二、真題實戰(zhàn)演練（本題共10小題，每題1.5分，共15分）(201

17、9高考全國卷II )Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene _(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)后文had 以及said 可知用一般過去時態(tài)，故填declared.(2019高考全國卷III ) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and

18、 visit. 【答案】recommended【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。句意：我們的主人跟我們分享了很多他們的經(jīng)歷并推薦了一些很好的吃飯、購物和參觀的地方?！癮nd”前后兩個動作“shared”與“recommended”是并列關(guān)系，時態(tài)一致。故填recommended.(2019高考浙江卷 ) One study in America found that students grades _ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 【答案】improved【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。句意：美國的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在學(xué)校引入校

19、服后，學(xué)生的成績有所提高。本句是after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，前后時態(tài)保持一致，從句使用了一般過去式，主句用一般過去式。故填improved.(2018高考全國卷III ) True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。句意:大猩猩確實有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的動物并不是真的要傷害我。根據(jù)上下文可知,本空用一般過去時,故填meant.(2017高考全國卷I ) When fat and salt(remove)from food, the

20、food tastes as if it is missing something【答案】are removed【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:脂肪和鹽分從食物中去除后,食物嘗起來就好像缺失了什么東西。結(jié)合語境可知,狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),fat and salt作主語,與remove之間為被動關(guān)系,故用被動語態(tài),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故填are removed.(2017高考全國卷III ) Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school (come) first.

21、【答案】comes【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。由上下文語境以及時間狀語at the moment可知,此處應(yīng)該為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),主語 為第三人稱單數(shù),故填comes.7.(2016高考四川卷)The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world.【答案】is loved【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：大熊貓被全世界的人們所喜愛，熊貓和喜愛是被動關(guān)系，這是事實，故要使用一般現(xiàn)在時. 故填is loved.8.(2015高考全國卷I) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just b

22、efore dawn.【答案】arrived 【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。句意：就在天亮之前我到了陽朔，天下著小雨。根據(jù)前后句時態(tài)可知用一般過去時。故填arrived.(2015高考全國卷II) This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.【答案】goes【解析】考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。結(jié)合上下文語境可知，該句是對這種自

23、行車的介紹，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時且主語為this bicycle（第三人稱單數(shù)），根據(jù)主謂一致原則，該空要填goes.(2015高考福建卷) Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this (happen), the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. 【答案】happens【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。happen意思是發(fā)生，前面的this代指前一句中的和別人發(fā)生分歧。因為該句是一般現(xiàn)在時，而且主語是this

24、所以謂語動詞應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)。該句意思為：當這種情況發(fā)生了，重要的事情就是不要讓一場平靜的討論變成熱力的爭論。故填happens.三、時態(tài)語態(tài)專項綜合訓(xùn)練（本題共10小題，每題1.5分，共15分）A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman 1 (seek) professional help after being convicted of (證明有罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months.Aha Luz, recently study

25、ing for PhD 2 (tell) she would end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops.Luz, who 3 (live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road, Cambridge, and 4 (admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street，London，on March 9.Philip Lomoyne, prosecuting (起訴), s

26、aid Luz 5 (select) some clothes from a display and 6 (take) them to the ladies toilet in the store.When she came out again she 7 (wear) one of the skirts she 8 (select), having taken off the antitheft security alarm.She 9 (stop) and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr Lomoyne said.He added that she was upset on her arrest and 10 (apologize) for her actions.【答案】is seeking【解析】考查謂語動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一名大學(xué)畢業(yè)生被描述為一名“可敬和聰明”的女性，六個月內(nèi)兩次被定罪為商店行竊，目前她正在尋求專業(yè)幫助。根據(jù)具體語境，此處謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在進行時。故填is seeking.【答案】has been told【解析