《外科學(xué)緒論》課件

1、外科學(xué)緒論一、現(xiàn)代外科學(xué)的發(fā)展 解剖學(xué) John Hunter (1728-1793), Scottish surgeon ，the father of experimental surgery and a superb anatomist and teacher.皇帝內(nèi)經(jīng) - 血循環(huán)麻醉 Willam t.G. Morton (1819-1868) Boston dentist whose successful demonstration of ether anesthesia on October 16, 1846, at the Massachusetts Gneeral Hospita

2、l was a landmark in the history of surgery扁鵲 酒3. 抗菌術(shù) 上世紀(jì)四十年代 產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生 Semmelweis 博士(1818-1865), 因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)了puerperal fever（產(chǎn)褥熱）的病因而被尊稱為“母親的救星”, 為了紀(jì)念這一重大成果 , 學(xué)校在1969年改名為 Semmelweis。德國(guó)醫(yī)生Bergmann 蒸汽滅菌1929 英國(guó)Fleming 青霉素輸血 Blood transfusionKarl Landsteiner (1868-1943), 奧地利病理學(xué)家、美國(guó)免疫學(xué)家，1930年諾貝爾生理學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主， the human b

3、lood groups, A, B, and O.奧地利 1968.6.14 發(fā)行病理學(xué)家卡爾 . 蘭德斯泰納誔辰100周年郵票，一套1枚 Richard Lewisohn (1875-1961) , 德國(guó) 枸櫞酸鈉，血液抗凝傅培彬 (1912-1989), 瑞金醫(yī)院外科創(chuàng)始人張金哲首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)1954 二尖瓣分離 Commissurotomy of mitral stenosis1958 大面積灼傷 Severe Burn1963 斷肢再植 Replantation of cut limb1977 肝移植 The 1st case of Liver transplantation 1978

4、心臟移植 The 1st case of Heart transplantation1990s- 灼傷外科、消化外科、膽胰外科 Burn surg, Digestive S., P. Biliary口腔外科、整形外科、小兒心臟外科 Stomatological S. Plastic S. Pediatric Cardio S.外科的發(fā)展2) 人體解剖系統(tǒng)骨科 Arthrosteopedic surgery頜面外科Dentofacial surgery心胸外科Cardiothoracic surgery泌尿外科Urologic surgery神經(jīng)外科Neurosurgery普通外科General

5、 surgery(腹部外科) Abdominal surgery3) 疾病性質(zhì) 腫瘤外科Neoplastic surgery急癥外科Emergency surgery創(chuàng)傷外科Trauma surgery燒傷外科Burn surgery4) 手術(shù)方式整復(fù)外科Plastic surgery顯微外科Microsurgery移植外科Transplantation微創(chuàng)外科Minimally invasive surgery5) 年齡 小兒外科Pediatric Surgery 成人外科Adult Surgery6) 專業(yè) 婦科Gynecology 耳鼻喉科Otolaryngology 眼科Ophthal

6、mology3. 外科總論與各論 外科學(xué)總論 General Surgery 各臨床外科共同的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ) 基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床外科學(xué)的橋梁外科學(xué)各論Special Surgery 論述各系統(tǒng)、各臟器 外科疾病的病因、病理、診斷與治療外科休克Surgical shock外科營(yíng)養(yǎng)Surgical nutrition多器官功能障礙綜合征Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS麻醉Anesthesia外科重癥監(jiān)測(cè)治療Surgical intensive care心肺腦復(fù)蘇 Brain-cardiopulmonary Resuscitation疼痛治療Pain mana

7、gement & Analgesia圍手術(shù)期處理Paraoperative management門診外科Outpatient surgery外科感染Surgical infection腫瘤Neoplasma創(chuàng)傷Trauma燒傷與冷傷Burns & Cold injury顯微外科Microsurgery器官移植Organ transplantation組織工程Tissue engineering腔鏡外科Laparoscopic & thorascopic surgery內(nèi)鏡外科Endoscopic surgery外科介入治療Surgical intervention treatment如何學(xué)習(xí)外

8、科外科醫(yī)師的職業(yè)道德 Moral Character理論聯(lián)系實(shí)踐Theory and Practice外科基礎(chǔ)Basic theoryBasic knowledgeBasic techniqueSpunk of tiger 膽大形象化的要求Some figure of speech about the basic demandsEyes of eagle 眼明Hands of women 手巧Heart of mother 心細(xì)學(xué) 問(wèn)- Learn to find questions- Learn to ask questions- Learn to solve questionsBooks are y