高中英語必修三 精品解析北京市石景山區(qū)2019-2020學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

1、20192020 學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一期末試卷英語考生須知1. 本試卷共8頁，共3道大題，59道小題，滿分100分?？荚嚂r間100分鐘。2. 在答題卡上準(zhǔn)確填寫學(xué)校名稱、姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號。3. 試題答案一律書寫在答題卡上，請用黑色字跡簽字筆作答，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運用（共三節(jié)，51 分）第一節(jié) 語法填詞（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）在下列句子中的空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. I began to think how wonderful it was _(see) the power of nature.2. Captain Scott left a record

2、, for honesty, for sincerity, for bravery, for everything that_(make) a man.3. People in Amsterdam_(enjoy) the benefits of cycling for years.4. He engaged in a wide range of exercises _(design) to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.5. Tu Youyou is a scientist_work is internationally renown

3、ed.【答案】1. to see 2. makes 3. have been enjoying 4. designed 5. whose【解析】【1題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：我開始思考，看到自然的力量是多么美妙啊。how wonderful it was (see) the power of nature.是一個賓語從句。賓語從句是一個感嘆句，感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：how + 形容詞 + 主語 +謂語,it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填to see?！?題詳解】考查定語從句中的動詞。句意：斯科特上尉留下了一個記錄，為誠實，為真誠，為勇敢，為成就一個人的一切。that(make)

4、 a man是一個定語從句，此處everything為先行詞，that為關(guān)系代詞，設(shè)空處為動詞，everything作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故填makes。【3題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時。句意：阿姆斯特丹的人們多年來一直在享受騎自行車帶來的好處。根據(jù)for years可知，人們享受好處延續(xù)很長時間，表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，又因People為復(fù)數(shù)意義，故填have been enjoying?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他參加了一系列旨在重建肌肉的運動，并取得了顯著的進步。此句謂語動詞為engaged，所以design作非謂語

5、動詞，又因exercises與design為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞短語作定語，故填designed?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：屠呦呦是一位在國際上享有盛譽的科學(xué)家。work is internationally renowned.是一個定語從句，先行詞為scientist，關(guān)系詞與work之間為所屬關(guān)系，表示“.的”，所以應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系代詞whose，故填whose。【點睛】現(xiàn)在完成進行時是英語中動詞的一種基本時態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為：主語+助動詞（have/has）+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。表示動作從某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。如小題3，根據(jù)for

6、 years可知，人們享受好處延續(xù)很長時間，并且還在繼續(xù)，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，又因People為復(fù)數(shù)，故填have been enjoying。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。Hello, Im Mike. I live in my own flat with a cat. Actually, my cat thinks Im a hero because I_6_(save) her from the street. I love pizza if its Italian, wine_7_its white, and footb

7、all if its the World Cup. I read a lot, especially true life_8_(story), but most of my books live on _9_(I) phone. I love to travel and I prefer an active holiday like hiking, skiing or watersports. I post lots of photos on the Internet and Id really love to share the holiday with someone. Maybe you

8、 _10_(take) photos on the next trip if you see mine.【答案】6. saved 7. if 8. stories 9. my 10. will take【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章中Mike介紹了自己與貓的緣分以及他的興趣愛好，最后作者對讀者說下次會看見自己旅行的照片，表達了自己的友好?！?題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：事實上，我的貓認(rèn)為我是英雄，因為我從街上救了它。根據(jù)語境可知，作者在過去拯救了貓，因此時態(tài)為一般過去時，故填saved?！?題詳解】考查連接詞。句意：意大利菜里我喜歡披薩，我喜歡白葡萄酒，我喜歡足球世界杯。根據(jù)后文football i

9、f its the World Cup.可知and連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故該空與前面I love pizza if its Italian并列，故應(yīng)填if。故填if?！?題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我讀了很多書，尤其是真實的生活故事，但我的大部分書都是在手機上看的。story為可數(shù)名詞，真實的生活故事不止一個，所以story應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填stories。【9題詳解】考查代詞。句意同上。修飾后文名詞phone，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞，表示“我的”，應(yīng)用my。故填my?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：如果你看到我的照片，也許你會在下次旅行中拍照。根據(jù)后面的if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句為一般現(xiàn)在時可知，應(yīng)該使用“

10、主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句為一般將來時。故填will take。第二節(jié)（共11小題；每小題1分，共11分）選擇語義恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z，并用其正確形式填空11. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she_traditional practices.12. He realized that his roles in these films had given him the opportunity to be a real-life superman,

11、and he soon_raising awareness for good causes.13. Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities, raising millions of dollars _medical research.14. Writing the piece had taken several years, and now the final notes had been_the score.15. To inspire yo

12、ung people to _the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.16. Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has_around the world and there has been a global increase in bike-sharing.17. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside,_the darkness of night.18. Active lea

13、rners do not judge people_first impressions or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.19. If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will_learning something.20. If you keep paying too much attention to it, you risk missing import

14、ant information. Instead, active learners are open-minded and _what the speaker/ writer is saying, not on what their brain is saying in the background.21. The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to _, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break ope

15、n brick walls to reach the light.【答案】11. gained a deep knowledge about 12. gained a reputation for 13. in support of 14. added to 15. take action for 16. pedalled its way 17. surrounded by 18. based on 19. increase your chance of 20. focus on 21. make a firm foundation【解析】【11題詳解】考查時態(tài)和固定短語。句意：之后，她和這個

16、領(lǐng)域的專家一起學(xué)了兩年半的中醫(yī)，從這些專家那里獲得了對傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗的深刻認(rèn)識。根據(jù)句意，gain a deep knowledge about意為“深入了解”，放入句中，符合語境。根據(jù)句意和關(guān)鍵詞studied可知，學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)和獲得深刻認(rèn)識的動作都發(fā)生在過去，故應(yīng)用gain a deep knowledge about的過去式。故填gained a deep knowledge about。【12題詳解】考查時態(tài)和固定短語。句意：他意識到他在這些電影中的角色讓他有機會成為現(xiàn)實生活中的超人，他很快就因為提高人們對公益事業(yè)的認(rèn)識而聲名鵲起。根據(jù)句意，gain a reputation for意為“以而聞

17、名”，放入句中，符合語境。本句是由and連接的并列句，根據(jù)realized判斷and前句為一般過去時，故后句時態(tài)保持一致，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填gained a reputation for?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：里夫成為一個充滿激情和活力的，為背部受傷和殘疾的人服務(wù)的倡導(dǎo)者，他籌集數(shù)百萬美元支持醫(yī)學(xué)研究。raising millions of dollars（籌集數(shù)百萬美元）是為了“支持”medical research（醫(yī)學(xué)研究），in support of意為“支持”，符合語境。故填in support of?！?4題詳解】考查語態(tài)和固定短語。句意：創(chuàng)作這部交響曲花了他幾年的時

18、間，現(xiàn)在樂譜中最后的音符終于寫完了。根據(jù)句意可知，是final notes（最后的音符）被“增加”到the score（樂譜）中，add to意為“增添，增加”，符合句意。音符是被添加到樂譜中，兩者是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故空格處應(yīng)填add to的過去分詞形式。故填added to?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：為了激勵年輕人行動起來保護環(huán)境、動物和社區(qū)，“根與芽”誕生了。take action for意為“為采取行動”，即為保護環(huán)境、動物和社區(qū)行動起來，符合語境。inspire sb. to do意為“激勵某人做某事”，to后加動詞原型。故填take action for?！?6題詳解】考查

19、時態(tài)和固定短語。句意：如今，“白色自行車”的概念已經(jīng)在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速發(fā)展，使用共享單車的人數(shù)在增加。根據(jù)句意，“_ around the world”想要表達的是“白色自行車”在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速發(fā)展，pedal its way意為“踩著踏板前進”，符合語境。在時態(tài)方面，“白色自行車”在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速發(fā)展的情況“已經(jīng)”發(fā)生了，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，句型為“主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞”。故填pedalled its way?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞和固定短語。句意：它展示了一座里面被燈光照亮了的美麗的房子，外面被黑暗包圍。surround by意為“被包圍”，符合語境。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句

20、中有謂語動詞show，且句中無連詞，故空格處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞。surround與house之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，即房子被黑暗包圍，故應(yīng)用surround的過去分詞surrounded。故填surrounded by。【18題詳解】考查非謂語動詞和固定短語。句意：積極的學(xué)習(xí)者不會根據(jù)第一印象或個人感覺來判斷人，相反，他們把信息和發(fā)出信息者區(qū)分開。首先，本句中有謂語動詞judge，且句子為簡單句，因此空格處要用短語的非謂語動詞形式。be based on意為“以為根據(jù)”，符合句意，作非謂語動詞時，詞組前的be省去。故填based on?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：如果你想找出一個想法的來源，

21、不管它看起來多瘋狂，你將會增加學(xué)習(xí)的機會。increase your chance of意為“增加的機會”，符合句意。will后面接動詞原形。故填increase your chance of?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)和固定短語。句意：如果你一直太在意它，你會有丟失重要信息的風(fēng)險。相反，積極的學(xué)習(xí)者思想開放，關(guān)注演講家或作家在說什么，而不是他們的大腦在說什么。focus on意為“關(guān)注”，符合句意?？崭袼诰涫窃陉愂隹陀^事實，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填focus on。【21題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：這個組織被稱為“根與芽”，因為根系在地下緩慢移動以形成堅實的基礎(chǔ)，嫩芽看起來又小又弱，但它們可以打

22、破磚墻，到達陽光下。make a firm foundation意為“夯實基礎(chǔ)”，符合句意。空格所在處為不定式作目的狀語，故to后接動詞原形。故填make a firm foundation。第三節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Tired, I came back home from work. I found the front door was_22_and I felt a little scared.Did I carelessly forget to lock i

23、t after I left? I looked around to_23_what could be_24_ Why would someone come into my home only to_25_with nothing? After searching every inch, I realized that everything was_26_ I had left it. Feeling much eased, I looked out the window of my dining room at Ms. Sullivans_27_. Jimmy, the little boy

24、 next door was visiting her. Jimmy cared a lot about Ms. Sullivans_28_after she became ill. She used to_29_Jimmy when he was just a baby.Forgetting about the_30_with my front door, I decided to walk over to Ms. Sullivans house to see how she was _31_. With a warm hello, she invited me into her home.

25、 I noticed twelve beautiful roses on the table next to her bed. They looked exactly like the_32_on my dining room table. With a pleasant smile, she told me Jimmy brought them to her as a “get-well gift”. Suddenly Jimmy_33_ out of his seat and said that he had to go home for a while to do some homewo

26、rk but he_34_ to be back to check up on Ms. Sullivan.Talking for a while, Ms. Sullivan began to get very tired_35_I gave her my phone number in case she needed_36_, and left her home. I thought about how_37_it was for little Jimmy to be so concerned for Ms. Sullivan. I got home, laughing at how _38_

27、I was about what had happened over_39_. I walked passed the dining room and noticed my roses_40_in the vase were missing. Without a second_41_, I glanced out of the window at Ms. Sullivans house and with a smile on my face.The next morning my doorbell rang. I opened the door Jimmy was there.22. A. l

28、ockedB. coveredC. openD. closed23. A. seeB. hearC. feelD. get24. A. burningB. shiningC. lackingD. missing25. A. talkB. dealC. stealD. leave26. A. whatB. whereC. thatD. how27. A. houseB. nameC. carD. letter28. A. ideaB. moneyC. dreamD. health29. A. watchB. noticeC. followD. visit30. A. priceB. experi

29、enceC. incidentD. condition31. A. workingB. doingC. sleepingD. walking32. A. lampsB. vasesC. rosesD. gifts33. A. stoodB. ranC. steppedD. jumped34. A. calledB. wroteC. promisedD. refused35. A. butB. soC. whenD. though36. A. helpB. timeC. moneyD. bread37. A. smartB. harmfulC. sweetD. careless38. A. st

30、rangeB. nervousC. carelessD. wrong39. A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing40. A. growingB. sittingC. lyingD. arranging41. A. thoughtB. intentionC. expectationD. delay【答案】22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B 41. A【

31、解析】這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者下班回到家發(fā)現(xiàn)前門開著，但是家里什么也沒少，去鄰居Sullivan女士家后，明白了是照顧Sullivan女士的小Jimmy偷拿了作者家的玫瑰花給Sullivan女士。作者覺得Jimmy是個貼心的孩子?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)前門開著，我感到有點害怕。A. locked鎖上；B. covered覆蓋；C. open打開；D. closed關(guān)閉。結(jié)合后文Did I carelessly forget to lock it after I left?可知作者下班回家發(fā)現(xiàn)門開著。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我環(huán)顧四周，想看看是不是少

32、了什么東西。A. see看見；B. hear聽見；C. feel感覺；D. get獲得。結(jié)合上文I looked around to可知作者環(huán)顧四周想看看是不是丟了東西。故選A。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我環(huán)顧四周，想看看是不是少了什么東西。A. burning燃燒的；B. shining閃耀的；C. lacking缺乏的；D. missing缺少的。由句意可知，作者緊張地環(huán)顧四周，看看家里是否有東西丟了，不見了（missing）。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么有人來到我家，卻空手離開？A. talk談話；B. deal處理；C. steal偷竊；D. le

33、ave離開。由句意可知，誰會進入作者的房子卻不拿一件東西就離開（leave）呢？故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞性從句連接詞辨析。句意：在找遍了每一寸地方之后，我意識到所有的東西都還在原來的地方。由下文可知，家里的臺燈沒有被打碎，由此可知，到作者家里的人沒有翻箱倒柜地偷東西，家里的一切還在作者原來放置它們的地方（where）。此處為表語從句，從句中缺少地點狀語，故應(yīng)用where。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺心情舒暢了許多，從餐廳的窗口望向Sullivan女士的家。A. house房子；B. name名字；C. car汽車；D. letter信。作者現(xiàn)在在自己家里，因此從窗

34、口望向Sullivan女士的家。倒數(shù)第二段中I glanced out of the window at Ms. Sullivans house也是提示。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sullivan女士生病后，Jimmy很關(guān)心她的健康。A. idea想法；B. money錢；C. dream夢想；D. health健康。結(jié)合后文after she became ill.可知Jimmy很關(guān)心她的健康。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jimmy還是個嬰兒的時候，她常常照看他。A. watch照看；B. notice注意到；C. follow跟隨；D. visit拜

35、訪。由上文可知，Jimmy 非常關(guān)心生病的Sullivan女士，因為 Jimmy 是個嬰兒時，她曾照看過（watch）他。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我忘了發(fā)生在自家前門上的事，決定到Sullivan女士家看看她是否還好。A. price價格；B. experience經(jīng)歷；C. incident事件；D. condition條件。作者作者忘了發(fā)生在自家前門上的事（incident），決定到Sullivan女士家看看她是否還好。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我忘了發(fā)生在自家前門上的事，決定到Sullivan女士家看看她是否還好。A. working工作；B.

36、doing做；C. sleeping睡覺；D. walking步行。此處考查how is sb doing“某人身體，情緒狀況如何”，是how are you/is sb 的另一種說法，尤其用在家人和熟人之間。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們和我餐桌上的玫瑰一模一樣。A. lamps燈具；B. vases花瓶；C. roses玫瑰；D. gifts禮物。由上文可知，這些是玫瑰。由下文I walked passed the dining room and noticed my roses可知，作者家里的餐桌上也放了一束玫瑰（rose）。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句

37、意：突然，Jimmy從座位上跳了起來，說他要回家一段時間做作業(yè)，但他答應(yīng)會回來查看一下Sullivan女士。A. stood站立；B. ran奔跑；C. stepped行走；D. jumped跳躍。結(jié)合后文可知Jimmy 偷了作者家的玫瑰花，所以他見到作者感到緊張，jump 最貼切地表現(xiàn)了他的內(nèi)心，此三項均不符合題意。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，Jimmy從座位上跳了起來，說他要回家一段時間做作業(yè)，但他答應(yīng)會回來查看一下Sullivan女士。A. called打電話；B. wrote書寫；C. promised答應(yīng)，承諾；D. refused拒絕。Jimmy很關(guān)心Sul

38、livan女士，所以答應(yīng)回來查看一下Sullivan女士，看她是否還好。故選C。【35題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：聊了一會兒，Sullivan女士開始覺得很累，所以我把我的電話號碼給了她，以防她需要幫助，然后離開了。A. but但是；B. so所以；C. when當(dāng)時候；D. though雖然。結(jié)合上下文語境可知為因果關(guān)系應(yīng)用連詞so。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聊了一會兒，Sullivan女士開始覺得很累，所以我把我的電話號碼給了她，以防她需要幫助，然后離開了。A. help幫助；B. time時間；C. money錢；D. bread面包。作者把自己的電話號碼給她，是為了

39、以防她需要幫助，因為Sullivan女士生病了需要人照顧。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想到Jimmy如此關(guān)心Sullivan女士，那是多么貼心。A. smart聰明的；B. harmful有害的；C. sweet貼心的，甜美的；D. careless馬虎的。Jimmy 看望和陪伴生病的沙利文女士，表明他是個貼心的（sweet）孩子。故選C。【38題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我回到家，笑著說自己對什么事情都沒發(fā)生是多么緊張。A. strange奇怪的；B. nervous緊張的，神經(jīng)的；C. careless粗心的；D. wrong錯誤的。結(jié)合上文可知作者早上回到家發(fā)

40、現(xiàn)門開著，以為家中遭竊，所以感到緊張，此三項不如 nervous 貼切。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：我回到家，笑著說自己對什么事情都沒發(fā)生是多么緊張。A. everything一切；B. something某事；C. anything任何事；D. nothing沒有什么。由上文可知，雖然作者回家時門開著，但是家里沒有什么事情（nothing）發(fā)生。故選D。【40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我走過餐廳，發(fā)現(xiàn)放在花瓶里的玫瑰不見了。A. growing生長；B. sitting安放，坐下；C. lying躺下；D. arranging安排。由上文可知，放在花瓶里的玫瑰花不見了

41、。sit 詞意靈活，有“安放，安置”之意，此處用sitting作后置定語符合句意。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我毫不猶豫看著窗外Sullivan女士房子，臉上帶著微笑。A. thought想法；B. intention目的；C. expectation期待；D. delay延遲。作者搞不猶豫（without a second thought）看向了窗外Sullivan女士的家，因為她已經(jīng)知道自己丟失的玫瑰在哪了。without a second thought“不假思索，毫不猶豫”。故選A。第二部分：閱讀理解（共17小題，34分）第一節(jié)（共12小題；每小題2分，24分）閱讀下

42、列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑ASome Facts about BritainSchool-leaving ageChildren have to stay at school until the age of 16. There is no upper age limit.AlcoholYou have to be 18 to buy alcohol in a shop, but if youre 16 and youre having a meal in a pub, you can drink beer or wine with it

43、.Motor vehicles16-year-olds can ride a motorbike of up to 50 cc. At 17 you can ride any bike or drive a car.SmokingYou can smoke cigarettes at any age, but you cant go into a shop and buy them until you are 18.Armed forcesMen can join the army at 16, women at 17. If youre under 18, you need your par

44、ents permission.MarriageYou can get married at 16 with your parents permission. Otherwise you have to wait till youre 18.Paid employmentYou can take a part-time job at 14 and a full-time job at 16 (i.e. when youve left school).Entering Parliament(議會)The minimum age for becoming a Member of Parliamen

45、t is 21.42. What is the passage mainly about?A. People and employment.B. Children and smoking.C. Age and the law.D. Safety and traffic.43. When a British boy is 14 years old, he can probably .A. take a part-time jobB. drink beer or wineC. drive a carD. buy cigarettes44. The minimum age for entering

46、Parliament in Britain is .A. 16B. 17C. 18D. 2145. According to the passage, we may know that in Britain .A. people can get married at 18B. people can buy alcohol in a shop at 16C. children have to study at school until 18D. a girl of 17 can join the army without asking her parents【答案】42. C 43. A 44.

47、 D 45. A【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了在英國關(guān)于年齡和法律的一些事實。【42題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)School-leaving age“Children have to stay at school until the age of 16. There is no upper age limit.” 孩子們必須在學(xué)校待到16歲。沒有年齡上限。根據(jù)Alcohol“You have to be 18 to buy alcohol in a shop, but if youre 16 and youre having a meal in a pub, you can drink bee

48、r or wine with it.” 你必須年滿18歲才能在商店買酒，但如果你16歲在酒吧吃飯，你可以搭配啤酒或葡萄酒。以及下文都在介紹在英國關(guān)于年齡和法律的一些事實。所以短文主要是關(guān)于年齡和法律。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Paid employment中的“You can take a part-time job at 14, and a full-time job at 16.” 可知，你可以14歲做兼職，16歲做全職。所以一個14歲的英國男孩可以做兼職。故選A項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Entering Parliament(議會)中的“The minimum ag

49、e for becoming a Member of Parliament is 21.”可知，成為國會議員的最低年齡是21歲。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Marriage中“You can get married at 16 with your parents permission. Otherwise you have to wait till youre 18.”可知，經(jīng)過父母的允許，你可以在16歲結(jié)婚。否則你就得等到18歲了。所以在英國，18歲可以結(jié)婚。故選A項。BSort trash, save EarthYou might not think much about wh

50、ere your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分類政策). People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.Why is garbage sorting a big problem? Its because there is

51、 too much garbage these days. It is bad for our soil, air and water. Actually we can make use of some garbage again.And first, we need to sort our garbage. For example, if you put an old battery into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you dont, the battery will

52、end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.Cant factories sort garbage for us? Yes, they can. But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money. If we all sort our own garbage, things will become much easier.Garbage sorting and recycling around the world Germany: There a

53、re big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back. You can get one to two yuan per bottle. People like this because they can get money and protect the environment at the same time. Japan: A trash truck comes to peoples doors to pick up their garbage. It plays mu

54、sic when its coming. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door. Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles, five medium bottles or 10 plastic

55、 cups. But the bottles must be clean. Shanghai: Four kinds of garbage in ShanghaiRecyclable garbage includes paper, books, boxes, newspapers, and glass bottles.Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, nail polish (指甲油 ), and other things with harmful chemicals.Wet garbage usually comes from the ki

56、tchen, such as food, vegetables, flowers, leaves and eggshells.Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins. It includes pens, toilet paper, tape, hair, and towels.46. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.B. Many people do

57、nt like Shanghais garbage-sorting policy.C. Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.D. China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.47. With the battery example, the writer tries to tell us .A. how to sort our garbageB. the importance of sorti

58、ng our garbageC. what harmful waste isD. the difficulty of sorting our garbage48. Why cant we ask factories to sort garbage?A. Because we dont have this kind of factory.B. Because factories ask for too much money.C. Because it takes too many workers to do it.D. Because not all garbage can go to fact

59、ories.49. In which country can people take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations?A. Germany.B. Indonesia.C. Japan.D. China.【答案】46. C 47. B 48. C 49. B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了垃圾分類的原因，并介紹了世界部分國家和地區(qū)的垃圾分類和回收。通過垃圾分類，拯救我們的地球?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage

60、-sorting policy (垃圾分類政策). People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.( 7月1日，上海出臺了一項新的垃圾分類政策。那里的人們需要把不同種類的垃圾放進不同的垃圾箱。中國的其他城市很快也會這么做。)”可推斷，上海是中國第一個制定垃圾分類政策的城市。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“For example, if you put an old battery into