高一英語暑假提前學(xué)學(xué)案

1、高一英語暑假提前學(xué)(1)閱讀理解試題分析I細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題通常針對文章中表達(dá)的人物、事物、現(xiàn)象或理論等進(jìn)行提問，題目難度不 大，題干中一般會出現(xiàn)表述較為具體的關(guān)鍵詞，考生在審題后可快速鎖定關(guān)鍵詞并在文章 中尋找相應(yīng)的細(xì)節(jié)描述。有時(shí)候，雖然題干中提供了關(guān)鍵詞，但通過題目的提問方式我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)，簡單地回文 搜索關(guān)鍵詞已不能滿足做題需求。這時(shí)，通過審題來幫助我們提前決定解題方式就很有必 要了。一、直接細(xì)節(jié)題此類試題是對原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答題。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提問。此 類試題選項(xiàng)多采用原文中的信息直接進(jìn)行考

2、查，不需要考生進(jìn)行推斷。做題時(shí)，考生可以 在文章中找到與答案有關(guān)的直接信息。此類試題一般不會涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把選 項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文內(nèi)容認(rèn)真比照即可確定答案。廣告、公告、演出信息、航班時(shí)間表等類別的 文章，常涉及直接細(xì)節(jié)題。常見的設(shè)題方式有：Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned?Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of.?Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position

3、of/relationship of.?The author mentions all of the items listed below EXCEPT二、間接細(xì)節(jié)題需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在表達(dá)上的差異，有時(shí)需 要進(jìn)行加工或整理才能得出答案此類試題介于事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)不 出現(xiàn)原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同義轉(zhuǎn)換、概念解析、歸納事實(shí)等方法對原文信息進(jìn) 行變換，然后再進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的推理或鑒別。常見的設(shè)題方式有：According to the passage, who/what/which/when/where/why how/how many/ho

4、w much/how long/ how soon/ how often.?What does the writer pay the least attention to?The author/passage does not tell us.Which of the following does not explain.?II主旨要義題主旨大意題主要考查考生對全文的內(nèi)容或某一段的內(nèi)容加以合理地歸納，目的是檢查 對短文整體或某一段落的理解概括能力。該類題目是高考中的難點(diǎn)之一，也是區(qū)分度較大 的題目。主要考查：最正確標(biāo)題；概括文章的中心思想；段落大意。此類題正確選項(xiàng)的特閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入

5、1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。For months, people have told inspiring stories about their battle against COVID-19 in newspapers and videos. Zhao Wei (complete) 65 eggshell painting works related to COVID-19 since January, 2020. She is willing (donate) her creations to museums to let more people know the stories

6、. traditional Chinese folk art, painting on eggshells has a history of more than 2,000 years. When a baby is born, friends and relatives will send eggs (color) red as good luck gifts. From a variety of egg options, Zhao chose duck eggs and chicken eggs this time,can offer her more space to describe

7、stories.Drawing on a curved氐形的)surface is quite different from doing so on flat piece of paper/* Zhao said,(note) that the pigments (顏料)cannot be too dry or too wet. Each of her paintings(D(feature) vivid details. The wrinkles on doctors* protective suits and naughty expressions in childrens eyes ca

8、n be (clear) seen on the painted eggshells. Although I cannot go to the front line and save lives, I can tell the (hero) stories through drawing and inspire more people to defeat the coronavirus, said Zhao.第三局部寫作 第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加

9、:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1 .每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2 .只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Since my childhood, libraries had played an important role in my life. When I was a pupil, I regarded on my every trip to the school library as an adventure. I enjoyed my stay at the

10、libraiy when I could read various book. Tt was for this reason why I decided to volunteer at a library. At first I had difficulty remember which shelf each book should be on, and I got used to doing so soon. Working in the library might seem bored. However, it was rewarding experience for me. It not

11、 only developed my ability to read, but also help me make a contribution to society. 第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Toby來信詢問你校體育選修課程開設(shè)的情況,請你用英語 給他寫一封回信。內(nèi)容包括：L體育選修課程開設(shè)的目的；.開設(shè)的體育工程；.你選擇的工程和理由。注意：,詞數(shù)100字左右；,可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3文章開頭已給出。參考詞匯:體育選修課程physical optional courseDear Toby,Glad to hear fromyou.Yours,Li Hua答案以及解

12、析第一局部閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：1-3 BDC解析：1 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的It would be better if you have any experience in working with children!可知，申請者能夠得到這份工作的優(yōu)勢是有和孩子相處的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),故 選B項(xiàng)。2細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題What we offer下的第二段中的You will get a chance to go with a group of JCUSA staff and meet them before you arrive at your own camp.可知，新員 工

13、有機(jī)會與JCUSA的員工一起工作。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話 You do not need to be Jewish to apply to work at a Jewish summer camp.可知，猶太夏令營的新員工不必是猶太人,應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。B答案：1-4.DCBA 解析：1 .考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的The study found that the sea Level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors”可知，有很多因素會造成沙灘被侵蝕，其中海平面上升預(yù)計(jì)是導(dǎo)致 沙灘嚴(yán)重侵蝕的最大因素。應(yīng)選D。.考查推

14、理判斷。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可推知,本段通過具體事例主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了沙灘對人類生活非 常重要。應(yīng)選C。.考查代詞指代。由第四段內(nèi)容可知，另一些地方建造了海堤和防波堤，試圖把珍貴的沙子固 定住。但是這些工程的財(cái)務(wù)和環(huán)境本錢巨大，科學(xué)家說因氣候變暖的增壓而上升的海洋和更 強(qiáng)烈的風(fēng)暴將會使得固定沙子成為一場失敗的斗爭。由此可知“this”指代的是“Holding sand in placeno 應(yīng)選 B。.考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的Climate change leads to a threat to the worlds sandy beaches, and as many as half of them

15、could disappear by 2100, a new study has found”可 知，文章 首段就點(diǎn)明了主題。氣候變化對世界上的沙灘造成了威脅，到2100年將有一半的沙灘消 失。應(yīng)選A。C答案：1-4.BCDB解析：1 .考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的Psychologist Susan Levine. found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills11 以及第三段內(nèi)容可知， 孩子們通過玩智力游戲可以培養(yǎng)空間技能。應(yīng)選B。.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

16、第二段最后一句Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition（認(rèn)知）after controlling for differences in parents1 income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said”可知,Levine在設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，考慮到了父母的收人、教育以及談話量。 應(yīng)選C。.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than

17、girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls”可知,男孩們較女孩們而言，傾向于玩更復(fù)雜的智力 游戲。應(yīng)選D。.考查主旨大意。閱讀全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段The findings were published in the journal Devel叩mental Science”可知，該篇文章主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究。應(yīng)選B。D答案：1-4.DABD解析：1 .考查簡單計(jì)算。由第四段中的S

18、he completed a master*s degree in 1925. Two years later, she finished all her requirements for a doctorate可計(jì)算出,McClintock 獲得博士學(xué)位的時(shí) 間是 1925+2= 1927,應(yīng)選 D。.考查推理判斷。由倒數(shù)第三段中的The country was in the middle of the Great Depression.Millions of Americans were unemployed. Male scientists were offered jobs. But

19、female geneticists were not much in demand”可推斷出，在美國經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條時(shí)期，年輕的女科學(xué)家可能難以找到工 作，應(yīng)選Ao.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由最后一段中的McClintock won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes”可 知,McClintock因?yàn)樵诨蚝腿旧w上的發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得諾貝爾獎，應(yīng)選Bo考查。通過閱讀全文可知,這篇文章主要介紹了 2

20、0世紀(jì)最重要的科學(xué)家之一 Barbara McClintock的生平以及成就，所以這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在傳記中，應(yīng)選D。第二節(jié)答案：EGAFC解析：本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)參觀公園會提升我們的幸福感。根據(jù)下文中的spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier, whether you use that time to exercise or not可知，在公園里待20分鐘就能讓你更快樂，不管你是否利用那段時(shí)間來 鍛煉身體，故此處強(qiáng)調(diào)僅僅去公園就可以提高情緒健康（狀況），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,E項(xiàng)符合語境。 根據(jù)空后的“Instead, we

21、 found time spent in the park is related to improved emotional well- being”可知，相反，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在公園里度過的時(shí)間與情緒健康（狀況）改善有關(guān)，故可推知,空前表 示的是另外一種情況，即我們沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)體育活動級別與情緒健康（狀況）改善有關(guān)，故G項(xiàng)符 合語境。根據(jù)空后的A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results”可知,20 到 25 分鐘 的參觀顯示出最好的結(jié)果，故空前應(yīng)說明調(diào)查的過程，故A項(xiàng)”有一些東西被用來追蹤他們的 體育活動”與上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符

22、合邏輯。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,20到25分鐘的參觀顯示出最好的結(jié)果滲與者的幸福感增加了約64%, 即使他們在公園里不怎么運(yùn)動。F項(xiàng)”這意味著人們可以從參觀附近的公園中受益，無論他們 的體能如何”是對上文的調(diào)查做出的總結(jié),并與第二段中的研究結(jié)果相呼應(yīng)。故F項(xiàng)符合邏 輯。根據(jù)空前的The study group was truly small, as the studys co-author and another UAB professor, Gavin Jenkins, admitted”可知，正如研究報(bào)告的合著者UAB的另一位教授Gavin Jenkins所說的那樣，研究小組的規(guī)模確實(shí)很小，而空

23、后那么指出了當(dāng)前城市面臨的挑戰(zhàn)， 結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,C項(xiàng)”然而，它的發(fā)現(xiàn)指出了城市公園的重要性”承接上下文。第二局部語言知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：l-5.BCADA;6-10.CDABC; 11-15.ABCAD; 16-20.BBACC解析：1 .由空前的However以及下文中的patience和generosity可推知，雖然作者在學(xué)習(xí)中文 方面沒有取得什么進(jìn)展,但他認(rèn)為這不要緊。由本句中的patience, generosity和pleasantly并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指陌生人的熱情，故 選c。通過下文作者的表達(dá)可知，他在生活中很少需要（使用）中文，應(yīng)選A。由下文中的Everyone I k

24、new was out of town”以及myself可知，作者的朋友都不在城里，所 以作者一個(gè)人在城里，應(yīng)選Domake a day of it意為痛痛快快玩一天”。由下文中的the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese可知,作者在買東西，因此此處是 指作者走向柜臺結(jié)賬，應(yīng)選C。根據(jù)上文中的confidently以及下文中的But after 8 . spoke in Chinese可推知，此處指 作者認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都說英語。由上文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合下文中的I thought she was asking 9 or my card, so I pulled

25、 out some notes”可知，此處指收銀員將作者購買的商品的款項(xiàng)輸入現(xiàn)金出納機(jī)。ring up表示”將（款項(xiàng)） 輸入現(xiàn)金出納機(jī)根據(jù)下文中的“so I pulled out some notes”可知，此時(shí)作者以為收銀員在問他要現(xiàn)金或信用卡, 讓他付款。.結(jié)合語境可知，語言不通的作者和收銀員無法溝通,所以收銀員搖了搖頭，表示并不是讓作 者付賬。shake ones head搖頭”，應(yīng)選Co.由語境可知，作者在那里站了幾分鐘直到另外一個(gè)會說英語的收銀員來幫助作者，故應(yīng)選 Ao.由語境可知，作者買的一些東西中有一局部是打折品，一旦買了就不能更換或退回。上文 中的But after8 my i

26、tems”也是提示。.參見上題解析。.此處指作者在一個(gè)陌生的地方喪失了錢包，應(yīng)選Ao.通過下文中的the young police officer did all he could to put me at ease, 以及smiled and spoke”可知，這些都是那個(gè)警察的友善行為，應(yīng)選D。.由上文中的Speaking in a mix of Chinese and English, the young police officer did all he could to put me at ease”以及空后的so he smiled and spoke”可知，那位年輕的警察盡可能地

27、讓 作者感到自在，微笑著和作者說話，由此可推知，警察認(rèn)為作者作為外國人在警察局會感到緊 張，應(yīng)選B。.根據(jù)語境可知，此處指作者到警察局報(bào)案這個(gè)過程花費(fèi)了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，應(yīng)選B。18,由空后的“because I had made a friend”可知，此處指錢包不再重要了,因?yàn)樽髡呓坏搅艘粋€(gè) 朋友。.由上文作者得到的幫助以及空后的unforgettable memories可知,C項(xiàng)符合題意。.根據(jù)上文的表達(dá)并結(jié)合空后的內(nèi)容可知，作者在北京旅行時(shí)有很多不用中文勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付過去的難忘經(jīng)歷，但是（如果）沒有這些朋友的幫助，在北京的旅行可能不會如此容易。get by”勉強(qiáng) 過活，勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付過去”。第二節(jié)答案：

28、has completed; to donate; As; colored; which; a; noting; features; clearly; heroic解析：本文是一篇記敘文。自2020年1月以來，趙偉已經(jīng)完成了 65幅與新型冠狀病毒肺炎 有關(guān)的蛋殼繪畫作品?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since January,2020可知，此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),所以填hascompleted o考查非謂語動詞。be willing to do sth.意為樂意做某事”，所以填to donateo考查介詞。作為中國傳統(tǒng)的民間藝術(shù)，蛋殼畫已有2000多年的歷史。此處表示“作為“，所 以填A(yù)s?？疾榉侵^語動

29、詞。eggs和color之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ed形式作后置定 語?？疾槎ㄕZ從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞duck eggs and chicken eggs”,并在 非限制性定語從句中作主語，所以填whicho考查冠詞。a piece of paper意為“一張紙”?？疾榉侵^語動詞。note與Zhao之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用動詞-ing形式作狀語，故填 noting o考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處描述一般事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語Each of her paintings” 是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，所以填featureso考查副詞。空處修飾動詞seen,表示“清楚地“

30、，所以用所給詞的副詞形式?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示“英雄的，英勇的”，故填形容詞heroico第三局部寫作第一節(jié)had答案： Since my childhood, libraries have played an important role in my life. When I was apupil, I regardedbookwythat I decided to volunteer atandmy every trip to the school library as an adventure. I enjoyed my stay at the library I coul

31、d read various books. It was for this reasonremembera library. At first I had difficulty Ecmbering which shelf each book should be on,1boredgot used to doing so soon. Working in the library might seem Coring However, it washema rewarding experience for me. It not only developed my ability to read, b

32、ut alsomemake a contribution to society.解析： 第一處:had - have由前面的時(shí)間狀語Since my childhood可知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作或狀態(tài) 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故將had改為haveo 第二處:刪除on regard在此處意為“認(rèn)為，看作”，用于regard sb/ sth as sth結(jié)構(gòu)。on多余。第三處:when 一 where library后面的從句對其起修飾作用，為定語從句，先行詞為且關(guān)系詞在 從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。第四處:book 一 booksvarious意為“各種各樣的“，修飾可數(shù)名

33、詞復(fù)數(shù)，故將book改為bookso第五處:why that句意為:正是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，我決定在圖書館里做志愿活動。for this reason I decided to volunteer at a library為完整的句子，由此可知此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀 語，故將why改為thato第六處:remember - remembering have difficulty (in) doing sth 為固定搭配，意為“做某事有 困難”。故將 remember 改為 remembering o第七處:and - but/ yet前面講“記住每本書應(yīng)該放在哪個(gè)架子上很困難”，后面講“很快適應(yīng)

34、了 做這件事”，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故將and改為but或yet。第八處:bored - boring此處指在圖書館工作可能看起來是“乏味的”，形容主語的性質(zhì)，應(yīng)用 boring o第九處:在rewarding前加a experience在此句中表示“經(jīng)歷”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一次有 意義的經(jīng)歷”，故在rewarding前加不定冠詞a。第十處:help - helped此處講述過去經(jīng)歷的事情的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用一般過去式，與前面的developed形式保持一致。故將help改為helped第二節(jié)書面表達(dá) 答案:Dear Toby,Glad to hear from you. You asked me

35、about the physical optional course in our school, and I hope the following information may give you a rough idea.In an attempt to enrich campus life and cultivate all-round students, our school has set up a series of sports optional courses, ranging from ping-pong, football to running and swimming.

36、Since those courses well meet different needs and interests, everyone can now pick up one course and actively participate in it. As for me, T am crazy about basketball, for it can develop my team spirit and give me strength to face the challenges in my life.All in all, I sincerely invite you to come

37、 to our school and see for yourself.Yours sincerely,Li Hua解析: 本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Toby來信詢問你校體育選修課程 開設(shè)的情況。請你用英語給他寫一封回信。1.詞匯積累可選擇的:optional 一 alternative嘗 試:attempt 一 try參力口:participate intake part in 培 養(yǎng):develop 一 cultivate 2 ,句式拓展 簡單句變復(fù)合句 原句：In an attempt to enrich campus life and cultivate all

38、-round students, our school has set up a series of sports optional courses, ranging from ping-pong, football to running and swimming. 拓展句：In an attempt to enrich campus life and cultivate all-round students, our school has set up a series of sports optional courses, which range from ping-pong, footb

39、all to running and swimming.【高分句型 1 In an attempt to enrich campus life and cultivate all-round students, our school has set up a series of sports optional courses, ranging from ping-pong, football to running and swimming.（運(yùn)用了不定式作目的狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）高分句型 2 Since those courses well meet different needs and

40、interests, everyone can now pick up one course and actively participate in it.（運(yùn)用 了 since 弓I 導(dǎo)原因狀語從句）點(diǎn)：通常不含細(xì)節(jié)信息和表示絕對意義的詞；能概括文章（或段落）的全部內(nèi)容。干擾項(xiàng) 的特點(diǎn)：以偏概全；選項(xiàng)過于籠統(tǒng)；選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是命題者杜撰的；選項(xiàng)與主題無關(guān)。因?yàn)榭?生需要讀完全文才能把握文章主題，所以在解答此類題時(shí)，考生不要急于去找答案，不管 它出現(xiàn)在什么位置都永遠(yuǎn)把主旨大意題作為最后一道題來做。在做完另外幾道題后，無疑 會有助于考生加深對整篇文章的理解。一、明確主旨要義類題目的常用命題形式.The

41、 main idea/key point of this passage is that.The passage is mainly about.The best title/headline for this passage is.The topic/subject discussed in this passage.From the passage we can leam/conclude that.The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with.Which of the following statements best expresses th

42、e main idea of the passage?.Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?二、如何找主題句段落的主題通常由被稱為主題句的句子來表示。主題句通常是段落的第一句或末尾一句，偶爾在段落中間。在非故事性文章中，主題 句尤為明顯。有的文章無明顯的主題句，而是把主題隱含在段意之中。有些段落有明顯的引出細(xì)節(jié)的信息詞，常見的信息詞有for example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, next, then, last, f

43、inally, to begin with, also, besides hat 等。在閱讀中，應(yīng)盡量利用上述信息詞確定主題句的位置。從某段落中的for example可以 斷定上一句是主題句。如果無明顯的信息詞，可先假設(shè)第一句為主題句，在第二句前面添 加一個(gè)for example,看看第二句是否可以支撐第一句話，如果第二句不能支撐第一句話， 便在其他地方找出主題句。三、如何略讀歸納中心思想略讀是概括和歸納段落中心思想的手段。略讀是指人們以可能到達(dá)的最快速度所做的 閱讀。略讀的技巧如下：1,順行快速向前移動眼睛，千萬不要停頓或復(fù)視。.把注意力集中在關(guān)鍵詞上。關(guān)鍵詞都是實(shí)詞，如名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞

44、、動詞和副詞 等。介詞、冠詞、連接詞、語氣詞、代詞（一般性的代詞）以及助動詞和情態(tài)動詞等都不 是關(guān)鍵詞.將關(guān)鍵詞擴(kuò)大為能夠表達(dá)概念的詞組，即語意群，按語意群進(jìn)行閱讀。.遇到生詞盡量猜，猜不出的生詞可跳過去。.首先對關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行數(shù)量上的加工，篩選出最能表達(dá)作者意圖的關(guān)鍵詞及其概念。然 后對這些概念進(jìn)行質(zhì)的加工，即對已產(chǎn)生的概念重新在頭腦中編碼，以確定作者在文章中 表達(dá)的真正意圖（中心思想）。.初次練習(xí)時(shí)，可將關(guān)鍵詞畫出來。待讀完一遍之后，回過頭來將所畫的關(guān)鍵詞再看 一遍。練習(xí)一段時(shí)間以后，不要再把關(guān)鍵詞畫出來，在閱讀過程中盡量用腦子記下來。四、如何擬標(biāo)題有明確主題句的段落標(biāo)題的擬定方式是：以表示主

45、題的詞為核心，把它與表示控制概 念的詞按一定的語法濃縮為能高度概括主題句句意或中心思想的詞組。五、怎樣去找文章的中心或主題通讀全文，抓住每段或每個(gè)層次的主要含義進(jìn)行加工提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即 文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。對于答案的選 擇，要看所給內(nèi)容是否真正能概括全文中心，那些只能概括局部內(nèi)容或只呈現(xiàn)文中具體某 點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，當(dāng)然，與文章毫不相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)更能輕松排除。六、應(yīng)注意的問題.仔細(xì)審題，看好范圍。搞清楚是問某一段還是全文的中心思想。正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn) 是：一般不出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)信息；不含過于肯定或絕對的詞語。.使用略讀，迅速將全段或全文瀏覽一遍。在閱讀

46、中，應(yīng)盡量利用有關(guān)信息詞確定主 題句的位置，比方在for example, first, second等之前的句子中或在all in al, above all之 后的句子中尋找并確定。.特別注意全文或所問段落的首句和尾句，因?yàn)樗鼈兂３Ｊ侵髦家x的表達(dá)。段落中 出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)，該句很可能是主題句；作者有意識地反復(fù)重復(fù)的觀點(diǎn)通常是主旨；首段出現(xiàn) 疑問句時(shí)，對該問題的解答通常就是文章主旨；同時(shí)還要注意那些提出文章主旨時(shí)常伴有 的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short 等。4,進(jìn)行分析概括，準(zhǔn)確找出主旨要義。對于主題隱含的段落，要先弄清問題的意思， 然后

47、快速通讀文章，逐項(xiàng)排除最終確定答案。.作者的寫作目的通常有三種：娛樂讀者；說服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)；告知讀者某些信 息。考生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上領(lǐng)會作者意圖。.標(biāo)題的選擇要在閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上仔細(xì)考慮這句話或短語與文章主題是否有密切的 聯(lián)系，對文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何，防止以下三種錯(cuò)誤：概括不夠（多表現(xiàn)為局部代替 整體）；過度概括（多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍）；以事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)代替抽象概括的大意。第一局部閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ASummer Camp JobsLooking to have the best summer experience eve

48、r? Our camps employ staff（員工）for a number of roles, including camp counsellors（顧問），sports specialists, and arts, theatre and outdoor adventure specialists. It would be better if you have any experience in working with children!JCUSA（Jewish Camps USA） will work with you to find the most suitable role

49、 and camp for you.What you are going to doThis is a job like no other; we personally get to know you and our most important thing is to make sure that you go to a camp that suits you best. The right overnight camp: You can select this kind of camp to have a start. Dont worry. You will feel comfortab

50、le and right at home. The correct role: At camps there are many different roles and we will decide together from your application and interview what will suit you best. We will look into your previous experiences and focus on what you need for your future to give you the chance to do something you l

51、ove every day. Ready for camping: You will have specific training for your role at the camp so you will be fully prepared for your job. You will be part of a group to go to camp and will know everyone before going.What we offer You will get paid in your first year between $1,650 and $2,400. The sala

52、ry is based upon the completion of your camp task. You will get a chance to go with a group of JCUSA staff and meet them before you arrive at your own camp. You will travel around the USA for up to 60 days!What we ask You need to finish high school and must be 18 by 2021. You are energetic, outgoing

53、 and looking for a cultural summer experience. You do not need to be Jewish to apply to work at a Jewish summer camp.Which of the following is an advantage for an applicant to get the job?A.Having a night job.B.Working with kids.C.Studying abroad.D.Being a gardener.What will the new staff get?A.A ne

54、w specific training card.B.A salary of more than $2,400 a month.C.A chance to travel around the world for 60 days.D.A chance to work with a group of JCUSA staff.Which is unnecessary for the new staff?A.They must be 18 or older by 2021.B.They should graduate from high school.C.They need to be Jewish

55、for a Jewish summer ramp.D.They should be outgoing and willing to camp.BClimate change leads to a threat to the worlds sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 1

56、2% facing severe erosion （侵蝕）.Using updated sea level rise predictions, the researchers analyzed how beaches around the world would be in the future with higher seas and more damaging storms. They also considered natural processes like wave erosion, as well as human factorslike coastal buildingdevel

57、opments, all of which can affect a beach*s health. The study found that the sea level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases humans put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the worlds beaches are likely to be.Its hard to overstate just how

58、 important the worlds beaches are. They cover more than one third of the worlds coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also the important economic engine, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In

59、 places like Australia, life near the coast revolves around （以為中心）the beach for much of the year.Some of the worlds most popular beaches are already taking action. Places like Miami Beach are trucking in thousands of tons of sand to patch up（修補(bǔ)）the badly eroded shoreline, while others have built sea

60、 walls and breakwaters in an attempt to hold precious sand in place. But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms, supercharged by a warmer climate, will make this a losing battle.However, the researchers did find that