浙江省嵊州市2017屆高三英語復(fù)習(xí)summary writing課件（沈揚） （共27張）

1、Summary WritingWhat is “summary?A summary is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer composition. 概要是一篇較長文章本質(zhì)思想的簡潔重述，它要求用盡量少的語言對原文的主旨進(jìn)行復(fù)述。概要不是簡單的換句話說，更不是評論，而是作者思想中最基本部分的準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)。How to get a high mark? ?考試說明?中評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定概要寫 作閱卷時按5個檔次給分，其中最高檔次第五檔21-25points：理解準(zhǔn)確，涵蓋全部要點；能準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯；完全使用自己的

2、語言；有效使用了語句間的連接成分，使完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。contents (內(nèi)容)language skills (語言)structure (結(jié)構(gòu))a good summaryall the key pointsgrammar, vocabularytight and coherentyour own wordsabout 60 wordsright spelling, proper punctuationHow to writing a good summary? 定位 find out the essential information改寫 rewrite the information

3、 in your own words核查 check the sentences and add some conjunctionsA.定位 通過閱讀定位語篇的核心信息，包括核心單詞，核心短語和核心句子。 句子為主，以單詞和短語為輔 typeskey information記敘文narration人物+時間+地點+事件（起因+發(fā)展+結(jié)果）說明文exposition描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用。即“對象+性質(zhì)功用+利好”；針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施。即“問題+解決方法”；介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因和結(jié)果。即“現(xiàn)象+原因+結(jié)果”議論文argumentation論點+論據(jù)(+結(jié)論)1. 確定文體 the typ

4、es of the passage2. 消減事例 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the Frenc

5、h king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of English in 1546.3. 省略細(xì)節(jié)盡量減少實事，大膽省略實事essential informationB. 改寫 在核心信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行語言表達(dá)形式的改寫，對原文的語言表達(dá)形式盡可能實現(xiàn)大規(guī)模的改變。 改寫過程中，原那么上字?jǐn)?shù)不超過原句，不改變原文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，充分考慮語句壓縮。1. 使用近義詞或反義詞Zhou Yang will remember his first task as a reporter.To research whether s

6、uch a “sixth sense really exists, Robert Baker performed two experiments.Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment as a journalist.study ifcarried out/ did/madeShe brought home a lot of books and magazines.2.把短語變?yōu)閱卧~Cleaning away dirt is good to health.Cleaning away dirt benefits health.3.使用廣義

7、詞(general words)代替具體詞(specific words)She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks.He didnt like the city. He hated it.4.消除重復(fù)5. 把直接引語的主要信息變?yōu)殚g接引語The boss said to him, “ Till youre more experienced you can cover a story.He disliked the city.

8、The boss said that with more experience he could cover news.6. 主動句和被動句互換Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.Two experiments were carried out by a psychologist.7.基本句型間靈活轉(zhuǎn)換 Dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.S+V+PS+V+ODirt on the skin co

9、uld protect people from getting ill.You will obtain all the information if various questions are asked.8. 特殊句式強(qiáng)調(diào)句，倒裝句，there be和正常語序句式的轉(zhuǎn)化Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information.To research whether such a “sixth sense really exists, Robert Baker, there is really a

10、 sixth sense9. 把從句變?yōu)槎陶Z(介詞短語，非謂語動詞短語)If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight.With the interviewees agreement, a recorder could be used._The skin is a necessary organ, which can serve as a barrier against outside dangers. Baker concludes that people do not have the

11、ability to sense when theyre being stared at.10.各種從句的靈活轉(zhuǎn)化His conclusion is that people are not equipped with the ability to feel others observation.C.核查核查連貫性優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞but、then、later、finally、besides、 thus、therefore、yet、however核查字?jǐn)?shù)60-70words核查標(biāo)點和語法+Steps of writing summarystepscontentsThe 1st step定位核

12、心信息The 2nd step在核心信息基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行語言表達(dá)形式改寫（改詞，換句型）The 3rd step核查連接詞，語法和標(biāo)點2016年?考試說明?概要寫作樣題段落核心信息功能1 there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.論點+論據(jù)2 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease. France/England In Europe3 since the 18th century cleanin

13、g away dirt is good to health.4nowadays an American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.have, exist, different，flexibleopinions，viewpointsPeople have different opinions toward dirt.Different viewpoin

14、ts toward dirt exist.Peoples viewpoints towards dirt are flexible.S+V+PIn the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.France / EnglandIn EuropeIt was thought that/People believed thatprotectfrom;preventfrom;keepfree fromS+V+Pillness, getting illIn th

15、e early 16th century, it was thought that dirt on the skin could protect people from getting ill in some European countries.In the early 16th century, people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. S+V+Osome European countriesjti since the 18th centurycleanin

16、g away dirt is good to health.Doing A is good to BIt is good for B to do APeople have realized that it was good for health to remove dirt since the 18th century.remove, washoffbenefit your health, keephealthySince the 18th century, people have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us hea

17、lthy. Nowadaysan American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.now /at presentsome scientistsadvise, suggest, hold the viewpowerfulexpose toNow, some scientists hold the view that children should be exposed to the dirt to have a powerful immune system.Some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. People have different opinions toward dirt. In the early 16th century, it was thought that dirt on the skin could protect people from getting ill in some European countries. People have realized that it was g