人教版中考英語復(fù)習(xí)詞法之系動詞與情態(tài)動詞 課件

1、中考詞法之動詞 系動詞與情態(tài)動詞錄目第一章動詞分類第二章系動詞第三章情態(tài)動詞第四章直擊中考動詞的分類動詞表示動作和狀態(tài)的詞情態(tài)動詞表示說話人情感和態(tài)度的詞，后面接實(shí)義動詞原形。如：can,may, must, need系動詞用來幫助說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”的動詞。如：be, look, smell, taste, sound, feel, become, get助動詞幫助實(shí)義動詞構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和句型的動詞。如：do, does, did, will實(shí)義動詞表示行為、動作或狀態(tài)的詞，具有實(shí)在的意義，又稱為行為動詞。如：play, give, listen動詞的分類系動詞聯(lián)系動詞又稱系動詞,

2、是表示主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”的詞, 它雖有詞義, 但不完整, 所以不能單獨(dú)作謂語, 必須跟表語一起合成謂語表狀態(tài)be(是), seem(似乎), keep(保持), stay(保持)等表感覺look(看起來), feel(感覺, 摸起來), smell(聞起來), sound(聽起來), taste(嘗起來)等表變化become(變得), get(變得), grow(漸漸變得), turn(轉(zhuǎn)變)等系動詞表狀態(tài)系動詞 Eating more fruit _ healthy. keeps He _ _ after he finished the work .seemedtired We ar

3、e in Grade Two this year.Youth is yellow.Youth looks like a Beautiful sceneryYouth sounds like rock musicYouth smells like spring.Youth tastes like chocolate,Feeling like many jumping notes and birds flying in the skyFriendship is pure whiteIt looks like a glass ballIt sounds like the bright skyIt s

4、mells like the sunshine in the winter nightIt tastes like a glass of freshing wineFeeling like the happy poems that we can sing all the timeYouth表感覺系動詞感官動詞look, sound, smell, taste, feel,這五個(gè)動詞均可作連系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。其意思分別為看 / 聽 / 聞 / 嘗 / 摸起來。除look之外，其它幾個(gè)動詞的主語往往是物，而不是人。這些動詞后面也可接介詞like短語句結(jié)構(gòu)，意為看起來

5、/ 聽起來 / 感覺好像。后面接名詞作表語。感官動詞表感覺系動詞( )Sometimes the smooth surface of the lake really _like a mirror. A. soundsB. looksC. smellsD. tastes( )Joe, dont eat too much ice-cream. OK, mom. But it _really good. A. feelsB. looksC. tastesD. sounds( )How does the banana milk shake _? Delicious. Id like to have a

6、nother glass. A. lookB. smell C. taste D. sound ( )Your idea _good. Lets give it a try and see if it will work. A. soundsB. smellsC. looksD. feelsBCCA表感覺系動詞Look 既可以作系動詞也可作實(shí)義動詞The twins look . （ happy / happily ）Two girls looked at each other. （ happily / happy ）實(shí)義動詞：look 后面有介詞，用副詞修飾系動詞： look 后面接形容詞表

7、感覺系動詞表變化系動詞系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。She grew rich within a short time. 她沒多長時(shí)間就富了。1. 凡是變壞，往往用go 如：go bad, go mad, go crazy, go wrong, go sour, go deaf2. 習(xí)慣上用turn表示顏色的變化 如：turn red, turn yellow, turn green3. 夜短日長的變化用get 如：T

8、he days get longer and nights get shorter. It was getting dark.4. 談職業(yè)時(shí)，多用become 如：become a teacher, become a writer 談變化的詞go, turn, get, become的用法區(qū)別：表變化系動詞In winter the days _ colder and colder. A. turn B. grow C. go D. get Have a try表變化系動詞His face _ pale（蒼白的） at that time. A. got B. looked C. turned

9、 D. seemed系動詞Summarysoundsmelltastelookfeelget/ become身體/天氣go變壞come變好turn顏色grow逐漸變化stay/ keep/remain保持系動詞練習(xí)1 How do you like the fish I cooked for you? I havent had it yet. However, it _ delicious.AfeelsBis feltCis smeltDsmells3After the terrible accident, the man _ mad. And the news _ a bomb to his

10、 parents.Awent; soundedBwent; sounded like Ccame; sounded like Dcame; sounded4These chocolate biscuits taste _ and sell _. Agood; wellBwell; wellCgood; goodDwell; goodsound like + n. （聽起來像）類似：look like + n.（看起來像）taste + adj.V系+ adj.V系+ adj.sell（V. 賣） + adv.系動詞練習(xí)2. If you dont put the fish in the fri

11、dge, it will _ soon in such hot weather.Ago badBgo badly Ccome badDcome badly 意思是“變壞”go + adj.“變壞”(go bad) VS come + adj.“變好”(come true)5. When Nancy and Tina were told the coming trip to Swiss, the two girls looked _ and they looked _ at their parents.Ahappy; happy Bhappily; happyChappily; happilyD

12、happy; happilylook 系動詞 +adj.（看起來）look at 動詞短語 +adv. （看著）情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣的動詞，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，只能和其他動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。表達(dá)情感和態(tài)度的工具，動詞的“鐵哥兒們”，不能單獨(dú)使用，后加動詞原形聯(lián)合做謂語。Form： 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化 情態(tài)動詞后面接動詞原形 一般疑問句往主語前面提，變否定 情態(tài)動詞后加not Function： 1.表達(dá)可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力 2.表示一種推斷。?？嫉那閼B(tài)動詞：1.Can could 2. Must 3.May might4. Should

13、 5.Will would 6.Need 7. Had better not情態(tài)動詞can和couldcan表示能力，“能，會”。could表能力是can的過去式。表示請求或允許，此時(shí)could不是can的過去式。=may。cant不可能 ，否定式表推測。I can play soccer. He can sing and dance.Can(could) I sit here?He cant be in the library. I saw him have lunch in the classroomcancouldcan和could Can could（could 表示請求時(shí)，could

14、 比can 委婉） can/couldcan/could表示請求、允許，“可以”Can I use your telephone?-Could you lend your car to me? -Of course, I can.can和be able tocan只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（can）和一般過去時(shí)（could）be able to有現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)Jim couldnt speak English last year. But now he can. We were not able to finish all work yesterday. But we will be able t

15、o finish it next week.could也表示提出委婉的請求，在回答中不可用could。 - Could I turn the television on? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.( ) He _ sleep, although he tried to. One cup of coffee in the late afternoon caused him to stay awake almost all night. A. wouldntB. shouldntC. couldntD. mustntC( )How delicious the

16、meal is! Did Kangkangs mother cook it? It _be her. These days she has been in a poor village to help the people there. A. cantB. wontC. mustntD. neednt Amust和have tohave/has to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化,而must 沒有。I lost my way yesterday. I had to call the police for help.主觀客觀must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀意愿have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要We must study har

17、d at school.The sun is setting and I have to go home.must123必須，表達(dá)主觀愿望以must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答則用neednt或dont have to，意為”不需要、不必”，而不能用mustnt。I must go to school.區(qū)別：I have to go to school .(被迫)Must I finish the homework now?A: Yes, you mustn B: No, you neednt. You mustnt take photos in the museum.Must

18、nt 表禁止表推測用法，用于肯定句，表示一種肯定的推測，有把握。The hair band must belong to a girl.（ ）Mum, _I do my homework tonight?No, you _. But you must finish it before Sunday. A. need; mustntB. must; needntC. must; mustntBmust( )How delicious the meal is! Did Kangkangs mother cook it? It _be her. These days she has been in

19、a poor village to help the people there. A. cantB. wontC. mustntD. neednt Amust( )6. Oil is everywhere in this store, so you _ know smoking is not allowed here.A. canB. may C. must D. needCmustmay和mightmaymight表示請求、允許，“可以”表示推測，意為“可能、也許”表示祝愿You may go home now.-May I go now?-No, you mustnt/cant.He ma

20、y be at home. They might come tomorrow. May your dream come true.may和might may表示允許或請求，表示沒有把握的推測。 有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（may）和一般過去時(shí)（might）。might 也可以表示推測，不表示時(shí)態(tài)?？赡苄员萴ay 小。She might throw your clothes away yesterday. But she may buy you some new clothes today. He might be at home.may和mightmaybe副詞，“大概，也許”。常放在句首。may be是“

21、情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。放在句中。Maybe you put your keys in your pocket.He may be at home now. ( )We can see some wild animals in the forest, right? Its hard to say. There be only a few left. A.may B.most C.need D.shouldAmay和might( )Are you going to write her a letter to say sorry?I, but that depends.A.mightB.needC.

22、shouldAmay和might( )Wheres Jane?Im not sure. Shein the library. A.may beB.must beC.cant beAmay和mightwill和wouldwillwouldwill表示請求、詢問或意愿would用來表示過去的意愿或委婉的詢問Will you help me with my English? Would you like to come to my party?否定形式為wontwouldnt( )He has broken his promises so many times. We _ trust him any

23、more.A. needntB. wontC. shouldnt D. couldntCwill和would( )Honey, will you stay home before I return? I _, mum. A. can B. must C. will D. shouldCwill和would其他情態(tài)動詞shallshouldshall用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見Shall I open the window? Shall we have lunch at a restaurant? should 用來表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任，意為“應(yīng)該”The children should liste

24、n to their parents. 其他情態(tài)動詞40had betterhad better do sth.最好做某事You had better come back early.had better not do sth.最好做某事You had better not take off your coat.多用于第二人稱多用于第二人稱其他情態(tài)動詞41needneed作情態(tài)動詞，用于否定句和疑問句中，用need提問時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt-Need I come here tomorrow? -Yes, you must / No, you neednt (dont

25、have to). need作行為動詞，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句時(shí)要用助動詞do, does, didThe work needs a lot of people.You dont need to go too early. ( )Dont be upset! You _ cheer up and try it one more time.A. might B. should C. could D. wouldB其它情態(tài)動詞( )Respecting parents and teachers is a kind of good action. We _ talk back to them.A. ca

26、ntB. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldntD其它情態(tài)動詞( )Itake too much money with me. I like to pay by the mobile phone. A.mustntB.shouldntC.needntC其它情態(tài)動詞( )I dont care what people think.Well,you.Some opinions are worth weighing.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.wouldB其它情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞含義及用法例句can表示能力，意為“能，會”?？膳cbe able to 相互轉(zhuǎn)化。Lin

27、da can/is able to speak Chinese smoothly.表示請求、允許，意為“可以”。Can we bring music players to school？人教七(全) Unit 4 P20cant表示能力，意為“不能，不會”。I cant spell the English word.表示拒絕對方的請求或者不同意/不允許，意為“不可以”。Can I park here?Sorry, I am afraid you cant.情態(tài)動詞匯總情態(tài)動詞含義及用法例句couldcan的過去式，意為“能，會”，表示過去的能力。He couldnt find his keys

28、 yesterday morning. 在疑問句中表示委婉的請求。Could you take a message for me?couldntcould的否定式，意為“不能，不會”。The little girl couldnt dress herself.must表示主觀看法，意為“必須，一定”。We must be there on time.情態(tài)動詞匯總情態(tài)動詞含義及用法例句mustntmust的否定式，意為“一定不要，禁止”。You mustnt be late for class tomorrow.表示請求、許可，意為“可以”。May I sit here?may用于祈使句，表示祝

29、福和祝愿，用法和wish相似。May your dream come true.might表示請求、許可，語氣比may更委婉。(may的過去式)Might I ask you a question?need表示“必須；需要”，主要用于否定句和疑問句中Need I do it now?情態(tài)動詞匯總情態(tài)動詞含義及用法例句neednt意為“不需要，沒必要”。Must I pay for the book in advance? No, you neednt.意為“應(yīng)該”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示勸告或建議。We should work harder to protect our world. 外研

30、八(上)Module 10 P87should表示征詢意見，常用于疑問句中。When should we begin our discussion?shouldnt意為“不應(yīng)該”。We shouldnt throw rubbish everywhere.情態(tài)動詞匯總情態(tài)動詞含義及用法例句had better意為“最好”。多用于第二人稱，否定形式為had better not。It is raining heavily. You had better stay at home.have to意為“不得不”，多表示客觀必要。I have to prepare for the exam.dont h

31、ave to意為“不需要”，回答用must提問的問句。Must we finish the task now?No, we dont have to.情態(tài)動詞匯總直擊中考直擊中考用 taste, become, seem, appear, remain 的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She _ a famous nurse.2. The village _ deserted and not even a dog was to be seen.3. The pie _ delicious. I want to eat another one.4. The news of our trip must _

32、a secret for a little while. 5. The idea of writing down her memories of him_ a good one. becameappearedtastesseemsremain直擊中考( )Sometimes the smooth surface of the lake really _like a mirror. A. soundsB. looksC. smellsD. tastes( )Joe, dont eat too much ice-cream. OK, mom. But it _really good. A. fee

33、lsB. looksC. tastesD. sounds( )How does the banana milk shake _? Delicious. Id like to have another glass. A. lookB. smell C. taste D. sound BCC直擊中考( ) -Would you like to try some pizza?- Yes,please. It lovely and nice. A. becomes B. tastes C. sounds D. feels( )- Do you like swimming in winter?- Of course. The water cold at first , but then I am warm and fullof energy.A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. look( )- 3D printing could be used to build a house in less than 24 hours.- It amazing. Its my first time to get to know this. A. sound