10月-高級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題及答案

1、全國(guó)2009年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試高級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題課程代碼：00600請(qǐng)將答案填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，全部題目用英語(yǔ)作答(英譯漢題目除外)Thefollowingparagraphsaretakenfromthetextbooks,followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoX.ChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentencesandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly.(12points

2、,pointforeach)Soatleastthehistoricalevidenceseemstosuggest.WhenIwasgraduatingfromcollege,my1alsofoundtheworldinamess.Theeconomicmachineryhad2downalmosteverywhere:Inthiscountry3aquarterofthepopulationwasoutofwork.Amajorwarseemedalltoo_4_.Asacollegenewspapereditoratthattime,Iprotested5thisjustasveheme

3、ntlyasstudent6areprotestingtoday.Buttodayshepassedthebakersby,climbedthe7,wentintothelittledarkroomherroomlikeacupboardandsatdownontheredeiderdown.Shesat8foralongtime.Thebox9thefurcameoutofwas10thebed.Sheunclaspedtheneckletquickly;quickly,11looking,laiditinside.Butwhensheputthe12onshethoughtsheheard

4、somethingcrying.TheWatts-as-a-way-stationmentalityhasafirmholdon13thosewhoremainandthosewholeave.Suchas14is,theghettoisregardedas15placetomakeacareerforthosewhohaveafuture.Without16,theprimeAmericanvaluesunderscorethe17.Negroes,insideitorout,andwhitestoo,behavetowardthe18liketravelers.IknowthatAmeri

5、cantechnicalgenius,and19ofallthemoonlanding,seemstogivethe20totoosummaryacondemnationofthe21system,butthereismoretoeducation22thesegmentalequippingofthemind.Thereisthattransmissionofthevalueofthe23asaforcestillmiraculouslyfertileandmovingmostly24fromAmericaneducationatalllevels.A.absentnoC.lidD.srai

6、rsE.generationF.nearlyGpastH,mostI.both工thereK.withoutL.activistsM.againstN.it0.ghettoRlieQexceptionR.onS.likelyT.brokenu.thatV.thanW.notionX.educationalInthissection,therearefifteensentencestakenfromthetextbookswithablankineach,followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoX.Choosetheonethatbestcompl

7、eteseachofthesentencesandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly.(15points,1pointforeach)Likeallartists,theserockmusiciansfeelingsandbeliefsthathelpusseeandformourown.Ifyoudontdowhatthedoctorsaysyoullhavetogotothehospital,themotheradmonishedher.Ihopethattheex

8、ampleofmywillconvinceotherwomentogetintopoliticsandnotjusttostuffenvelopes,buttorunforoffice.Therewasalittlepathbesidetherockyroad,andMrs.Flowerswalkedswingingherarmsandpickingherwayoverthestones.Ithasbecometothinkthat,likefastfood,fastideasarethewaytogettoafast-moving,impatientpublic.Allskilledwork

9、canbepleasurable,providedtheskilliseithervariableorcapableofindefiniteimprovement.Shefrowned,conscientiouslyworryingoverwhathemightsecretlybelongingforwhichshehadbeentoobusyortoocarelesstoimagine.Whensalesmenaredoingwell,thereispressureuponthemtobeginbetter,forfeartheymaystartdoingworse.Televisional

10、soprovidesawideofopinionbysettingupfourorfiveexpertsandlettingthemknockeachotherdown.Iguessbeforewereshemayhavesomethingmoreseriousthanpreservestoworryabout.Shebroughtacigaretteoutofherapronpocketandtuckeditdeepintooneofhermouth,thewayshedidwhensomethingpleasedher.ExceptforsomeexclusiveclubsinLondon

11、,therewereoccasionswhereraciallinesweredrawn.Undoubtedlythedesireforfoodhasbeen,andstillis,oneofthemaincausesofgreatevents.Atthesametime,ofcourse,theproducermustdohisbitbyproducingnothingbutthemostperishable.Thenorthernwindblowsviciouslytoday,andtheresnoheatingtoturnon,butitwillbepleasantwhenthewind

12、drops.A.specificB,amusementsC.doingD.positivelyEthroughF.learnG.required11.rangeLpoliticalJ,infrontK.opinionL.cornerM.understandN.central0.severelyP.evaluateQ.mirrorR.successS.articlesT.fewU.fashiontibleVmunicateX.purposeA.sophisticatedB.selectiveEachofthefollowingsentencesisgiventwochoicesofwordsor

13、expressions.ChoosetherightonetocompletethesentenceandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(15points,1pointforeach)Hisandunwillingnesstolearnfromotherspreventhimfrombeinganeffectivememberoftheteam.arroganceB.advantageWemusttrytocreateamorecaring,passionateB.competitiveItwasandshedidnotknoweno

14、ughtoanalyzeeachproblemproperly.A.encouragingB.exhaustingAlthougheachTVserieswillberatedonthebasisofitsusualcontent,theratingscanfromweektoweek.A.flowB.fluctuateThisfactormeansthatthereisoftenaconnectioninappearanceandtemperamentbetweenparentsandchildren.A.historicalB.hereditaryThoughsheandpleaded,h

15、erefusedtogotothedance.A.coaxedB.admonishedJackmanagedtoget147tapesand100bookspluslotsofmagazinesthroughcustomsina(n)way.A.incredulousB.miraculousThesedayspeoplearebecomingmoreandmoreaboutthefoodtheyeat.ThequestionofgoingtotheUnitedStatesforadoctorsdegreehismind.preoccupiedB.intrudedInthelasttwentyy

16、ears,breakthroughsintechnologyhaveadvancedthewaywecommunicate,bringinguscomputers,cellphonesandtheIfoundlyB.deeplyInourculture,weareaccustomedtosophisticatedprescriptiondrugscontainingaofchemicalingredients.plentyB.varietyWecannotthecountrystelecommunicationstounqualifiedpeople.A.trustB.e

17、ntrustImaginehowmanytimesrestaurantsandmerchantshadtochangetheirpostedpricesduringthe1970s,whenpricesalmostdoubled.A.inflationaryB.extraordinaryComparedwiththeperiodlastyear,averagetemperatureshavebeenlow.A.correspondingB.relatedInthemiddleoftheseotherwiseplainsisastrikingrangeofmountains.A.featurel

18、essB.pointlessReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsIV,VandVI.BrightSparksBythetimeLaszloPolagarsfirstbabywasbornin1969healreadyhadfirmviewsonchild-rearing.AneccentriccitizenofcommunistHungary,hehadwrittenabookcalled“BringupGenius!”andoneofhisfavoritesayingswas“Geniusesar

19、emade,notborn”.Anexpertonthetheoryofchess,heproceededtoteachlittleZsuzsaathome,spendinguptotenhoursadayonthegame.Twomoredaughtersweresimilarlyhot-housed.Allthreeobligedtheirfatherbybecomingworld-classplayers.Theyoungest,Judit,iscurrentlyranked13thintheworld,andisbyfarthebestfemalechessplayerofalltim

20、e.WouldtheexperimenthavesucceededwithadifferenttrioofchildrenIfanychildcanbeturnedintoastar,thenalotoftimeandmoneyarebeingwastedworldwideontryingtopickwinners.Americahaslongheld“talentsearches”,usingtestresultsandteacherrecommendationstoselectchildrenforadvancedschoolcourses,summerschoolsandotherext

21、ratuition.Thisprovisionissettogrow.Inhisstate-of-the-unionaddressin2006,PresidentGeorgeBushannouncedthe“AmericanCompetitivenessInitiative”,which,amongmuchelse,wouldtrain70,000high-schoolteacherstoleadadvancedcoursesforselectedpupilsinmathematicsandscience.JustasthesuperpowersspaceracemadeCongressput

22、moneyintoscieneeeducation,thethoughtofChinaandIndiaturningouthundredsofthousandsofengineersandscientistsisscaringAmericaintostimulatingitsbrightesttodotheirbest.Thephilosophybehindthistalentsearchisthatabilityisinnate;thatitcanbediagnosedwithconsiderableaccuracy;andthatitisworthcultivating.InAmerica

23、,brightchildrenarerankedas“moderately”,“highly”,“exceptionally”and“profoundly”gifted.Theonlychancetoinfluenceinnateabilityisthoughttobeinthewomborthefirstcoupleofyearsoflife.Hencethecrazefor“teachingaids”suchasvideosandflashcardsfornewborns,and“whalesounds”ontapewhichapregnantmothercanstraptoherbell

24、y.InBritain,thereisabroadlysimilarbeliefintheexistenceofinnatetalent,butalsoanegalitarian(平等主義的)sentimentwhichmakespeoplequeasyabouttheideaofinvestingresourcesingroomingintelligence.Teachersareoftenopposedtoseparateprovisionforthebest-performingchildren,sayinganyextrahelpshouldgotostragglers.In2002,

25、inabidtohelptheablewhileleavingintactthebanonmostselectionbyabilityinstateschools,thegovernmentsetuptheNationalAcademyforGiftedandTalentedYouth.Thisoutfitrunssummerschoolsandmasterclassesforchildrennominatedbytheirschools.Todate,though,onlysevenintensecondaryschoolshavenominatedevenasinglechild.Last

26、yearallschoolsweretoldtheymustsupplythenamesoftheirtop10%.Pickingwinnersisalsotheorderofthedayinexcommuniststates,ahangoverfromthetimeswhentalentedindividualswerepluckedfromtheirhomesandruthlesslytrainedforthegloryofthenation.Butinmanyothercountries,oppositiontotheideaofsinglingouttalentandgroomingi

27、trunsdeep.InScandinavia,abeliefinvirtueslikemodestyandsocialsolidaritymakespeopleflinchfromtheideaoftreatingbrainychildrendifferently.AndinJapanthereisawidespreadbeliefthatallchildrenarebornwiththesameinnateabilities-andshouldthereforebetreatedalike.Allaretaughttogether,coveringthesamesyllabusatthes

28、amerateuntiltheyfinishcompulsoryschooling.Thosewholearnquickestareexpectedthentoteachtheirclassmates.Statisticsgivelittleclueastowhichsystemisbest.Theperformanceofthemostableisheavilyaffectedbyfactorsotherthanstateprovision.MoststateeducationinBritainisnominallynon-selective,butmiddle-classparentstr

29、ytolivenearthebestschools.AmbitiousJapaneseparentshavemadeprivate,out-of-schooltuitionathrivingbusiness.AndScandinaviasegalitarianismmightworklesswellinplaceswithmorediversepopulationsandlesscompetentteachers.Forwhatitsworth,thestatisticaldatasuggestthatsomecountries,likeJapanandFinland,canavoidsele

30、ctionandstillthrive.Butthatdoesnotmeanthatanycountrycanditchselectionanddoaswell.Mr,Polgarthoughtanychildcouldbeaprodigygiventherightteaching,anearlystartandenoughpractice.Somesaythekeytosuccessissimplyhardgraft.Judit,theyoungestofthePolgarsisters,wasthemostdriven,andthemostsuccessful;Zsofia,themidd

31、leone,wasregardedasthemosttalented,butshewastheonlyonewhodidnotachievethestatusofgrandmaster.“Everythingcameeasiesttoher”,saidheroldersister.“Butshewaslazy.”Inthissection,therearetenincompletestatementsfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswer

32、Sheet.(20points,2pointsforeach)Intheirchildhood,thethreedaughtersofPolagar.playedchessinhousealldaylonghadplentyofintensetrainingonchesstookvariouslessonsongamesinhouserevealedtheirtalentinplayingchessInparagraph3,theauthortendstoPolagarsviewonchild-rearing.A.supportB.despiseC.questionD.defendInAmer

33、ica,studentwinnersareusuallypickedoutonthebasisof.testresultsandpraisesfromteachersteacherrecommendationsandtestpaperstestscoresandteacherrecommendationsself-presentationandteachersevaluationsA.abandonB.embraceTheAmerican“talentsearches”isbasedonthebeliefthat.A.thereisnoinnateabilityfewhaveinborntal

34、enteducationcanhelpdeveloptalentonesinnateabilitycanbemeasuredInparagraph7,theword“queasy”isclosestinmeaningto.A.curiousB.worriedC.unhappyD.comfortableAccordingtothepassage,inBritain,.A.stateschoolsareforbiddentoselectwinnersbytalentstateschoolsareallowedtoselectstudentsbyabilitysecondaryschoolsaree

35、agertopicktalentedstudentsthegovernmentisentitledtopickingtalentedchildrenInparagraph8,theword“outfit”isclosestinmeaningto.A.corporationB.communityC.governmentD.organizationInScandinavia,peoplevaluevirtueslikemodestyandsocialsolidarity,sotheyA.approveoftheideaofselectingdifferentbrainssingleouttheta

36、lentedchildrenfromthedullonesrefusetoteachtalentedchildreninnormalwaysavoidpickingtalentedchildrenforspecialeducationInparagraph11,theword“ditch”isclosestinmeaningto.C.welcomeD.denounceOfthePolgarsisters,.A.allachievedthestatusofgrandmastertwobecameworld-classchessplayerstheyoungestwasthemostdiligen

37、tonetheeldestwasunderthegreatestpressureTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet.(10points,2pointsforeach)thethoughtofChinaandIndiaturningouthundredsofthousandsofengineersandscientistsisscaringAmericaintostimulatingitsbrightesttodotheirbest.Todate,though,onlys

38、evenintensecondaryschoolshavenominatedevenasinglechild.Lastyearallschoolsweretoldtheymustsupplythenamesoftheirtop10%.Butinmanyothercountries,oppositiontotheideaofsinglingouttalentandgroomingitrunsdeep.AndScandinaviasegalitarianismmightworklesswellinplaceswithmorediversepopulationsandlesscompetenttea

39、chers.Mr.Polgarthoughtanychildcouldbeaprodigygiventherightteaching,anearlystartandenoughpractice.AnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80-100words.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10points)DoyoubelieveininnateabilityWhyorwhynotTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandwritethetranslationo

40、nyourAnswerSheet.(18points,2pointseachfor71-75,8pointsfor76)71不幸的是，我們地球上高尚的野蠻人和未被玷污的地方越來(lái)越少，除了北極和南極，邊疆地區(qū)已無(wú)處可覓。72美國(guó)唯一沒(méi)有受到經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條影響的產(chǎn)業(yè)就是美容業(yè)。73在消費(fèi)者中有組織的浪費(fèi)是我們工業(yè)繁榮的先決條件。消費(fèi)者將買(mǎi)來(lái)的東西越快扔掉并購(gòu)買(mǎi)新的，對(duì)生產(chǎn)者就越好。74這一切至關(guān)重要且相互關(guān)聯(lián)的因素共同決定一個(gè)人晚年生活的質(zhì)量。75對(duì)于這些產(chǎn)品領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的不是價(jià)格或顧客服務(wù)（盡管那些不容忽視），而是產(chǎn)品的性能。76讀寫(xiě)能力可能算不上一項(xiàng)不可剝奪的人權(quán)，但我們極有學(xué)問(wèn)的開(kāi)國(guó)元?jiǎng)讉儾⒉挥X(jué)得

41、它不合理，甚至達(dá)不到。從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字看，我們不僅沒(méi)有在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)達(dá)到人人都能讀寫(xiě)的目標(biāo)，而目離達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn)。盡管我不會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單到認(rèn)為電視是造成這一局面的直接原因，我卻相信它起了一定作用，是一個(gè)影響因素。答案及評(píng)分參考I.1-5ETFSM610LDJUR11-15KCINB21-24XVGAII.25-30QORJUG3639TISNIII.40-44AABBB5054BBAAAIV.5559BCCDB1620QWOHP31-35BCHEL4549ABBAA6064ADDAC65.想到中國(guó)和印度培養(yǎng)出數(shù)十萬(wàn)的工程師和科學(xué)家，美國(guó)驚駭不已，立即激勵(lì)本國(guó)最具聰明才智者盡其所能。然而到目前十所中學(xué)有七所只提名過(guò)一個(gè)孩子，去年，要求各學(xué)校必須呈遞排名前10%的學(xué)生名單。但在其他許多國(guó)家里，反對(duì)挑選天才，并加以培養(yǎng)的想法根深蒂固。在人口成分更加復(fù)雜而教師能力較弱的地方斯堪的納維亞的中等主義也許就不大起作用了。波爾認(rèn)為，只要及早開(kāi)始，教育得當(dāng)，加上充分地練習(xí)，