新航道雅思語法-動名詞

1、非謂語動詞的三個重點在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謩用~=n.主要充當(dāng)：主語，賓語，表語，定語不定式“不一定是什么詞性的成分”=n. adj. adv除謂語之外的任何成分分詞=adj. adv.主要充當(dāng)：定語，狀語，補足語，表語structure1，動名詞的作用（主，表，賓，定）2，動名詞的邏輯主語3，動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（被動，完成） 一，動名詞的作用: 主語，表語，賓語，定語劍8,T1,WSome people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, belie

2、ve that school is the place to learn this.(一)動名詞-作主語Educating children to understand the need to obey rules and respect others always begins in the home. (劍8,T1,W)However, learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home. (劍8,T1,W)【練】如果我生別人的氣，就

3、意味著我讓別人控制了自己的情緒。Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of my emotions.【知識點】動名詞做主語時，位置要求：一般放句首，謂語動詞用單數(shù)有時候放句末，僅限于某些特定的句型。It is no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水難收【句型一】：It is no use/good doing sth.It is hard work doing sth.It is a joy/pleasure doing sth.It is worthwhile doing s

4、th.【句型二】 ： There is no point/use/good (in) doing sth.“干某事沒有必要/沒有意義/沒有用”【練1/2】冬夜坐在爐邊讀書是一大樂趣。（雅思口語）It is a great pleasure doing some reading at the fireside on a winter night.【練2/2】等到老了再說 “我會對這個或那個發(fā)生興趣”就沒用了。Its no use starting to say when you are old “I will take an interest in this or that.”(二)動名詞-作表

5、語If the job is running a small business or an autonomous unit within a larger business, high achievers should be sought. （劍6，T3，R）如果工作是經(jīng)營一家小型的企業(yè)，或者是較大企業(yè)中的一個獨立部門，就應(yīng)該尋找能力強的人。Peter: Another odd thing I see would be girls holding hands. If two girls their age did that in Britain we would think they were

6、 gay!Nick: Its just because girls get very close to each other and treat them as sisters.Peter: I think thats very touching but Im glad the boys dont do that!(三)動名詞-作賓語(動賓，介賓）When the local government in Cambridge, England, considered introducing Singaporean techniques, it faced vocal and ultimately

7、 successful opposition. （劍3，T4，R）【T/F/NG】The government in England succeed in introducing Singaporean technique.后面一般接動名詞作賓語的動詞詳見附錄在介詞后面做賓語【知識點】介詞+ n./doing.As an alternative to using a single-occupancy vehicle, carpooling involves two or five commuters sharing a vehicle.Q: What is carpooling? (四)動名詞

8、-定語動名詞做定語，一般表示所修飾的名詞的用途。比較少見，遠沒有現(xiàn)在分詞做定語常見。a growing number of people【練】分院帽；安眠藥；梳妝臺；出發(fā)點sorting hat sleeping pilldressing table starting point 二，動名詞的邏輯主語判斷區(qū)別：Nick insisted on reading the letter. Nick insisted on my reading the letter. 【知識點】：動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):所有格/賓格/普通格動名詞【練1/2】 Tom拒絕接受邀請，這讓我很惱火。Tom refused to

9、accept the invitation, and it makes me angry.It makes me angry that.(主語從句）Tom refused to accept the invitation, which makes me angry.（定語從句）Toms refusing to accept the invitation makes me angry. （動名詞做主語）【練2/2】It is a very burning issue.It- That governments must take action to prevent individuals from

10、 harming our environment.Governments taking action to prevent individuals from harming our environment is a very burning issue.三，動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（被動，完成）主動被動一般式? ? 完成式？? =doing=having been done=being done=having done【練1/4】 I remember my parents taking me to the zoo for the first time.-I still remember _ to

11、the zoo for the first time.【分析】 Remember doing + 被動 = remember being doneKEY: being taken【練2/4】 Mark often attempts to escape _ (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.【分析】 escape doing + 被動 = escape being doneKEY: being fined【練3/4】她不能確定是否做過什么錯事。She was not sure of _.【分析】 of doing + 完成 = of ha

12、ving doneKEY: having done anything wrong.【練4/4】我們的現(xiàn)代文明不能被認為是短時間內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出來的。Our modern civilization can not be thought of as _ (create) in a short period of time.【分析】 as doing + 被動 + 完成 = as having been doneKEY: having been createdthe end復(fù)習(xí)1，動名詞的作用（主，表，賓，定）2，動名詞的邏輯主語3，動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（被動，完成）【課后練習(xí)】：P90，一，1-10P93，

13、四，1，2，4，6，7高分作文句子【練】得出結(jié)論說變化不可避免并不等同于假定“變化總是朝著好的方向”。（劍6,T4,W）Reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that “change is always for the better.”【課后練習(xí)】此外，國家如果不讓高中成績未達標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的學(xué)生受高等教育，可能會因此埋沒一個未來的愛因斯坦。 -(教育話題）make ones markshigher education / tertiary educationEinsteinFurthe

14、rmore, by denying higher education to students who do not make their marks in their secondary education, the country may be ignoring a future Einstein.BONUS：Edison, Darwin, the Wright brothers, Socrates, Plato【課后練習(xí)】由于用CAI學(xué)習(xí)有著這些獨特的優(yōu)點,所以，沒有什么東西可以抵得上做自己學(xué)習(xí)上的主人的自由,使自己的知識不斷更新的樂趣以及對更多未知領(lǐng)域的好奇. -(現(xiàn)代科技）is worth / compensate forBecause of these unique advanta