2021屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專(zhuān)題五代詞學(xué)案新人教版

1、2021屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專(zhuān)題五代詞學(xué)案新人教版2021屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專(zhuān)題五代詞學(xué)案新人教版PAGE 2021屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專(zhuān)題五代詞學(xué)案新人教版專(zhuān)題五代詞- 知 識(shí) 梳 理 -一、代詞分類(lèi)人稱(chēng)代詞主格I， you, he， she， it, we， they賓格me, you， him， her, it, us， them物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞my, your， his, her, its， our, their名詞性物主代詞mine, yours， his， h

2、ers, its， ours, theirs反身代詞myself， yourself， himself， herself， itself, yourselves, themselves, ourselves相互代詞each other， one another指示代詞this， that, these， those， such， some疑問(wèn)代詞who, whom， whose， whoever， which, whichever, what， whatever連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose， whoever關(guān)系代詞that， which， who， who

3、m， whose， as不定代詞one， some， any， each, none， no， many， much, few, a few, little， a little， other, another, all, both, neither, either， the other等不定代詞， 及some, any, every, no等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞二、代詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)1不定代詞one，ones，the one,the onesone泛指“任何一個(gè)人”，有ones 和oneself形式One has to take care of oneself and ones family i

4、f he can。One shouldnt hesitate to correct ones mistakes。one/ones泛指同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)，用以代替上下文已出現(xiàn)過(guò)的可數(shù)名詞I have lost my pen. Im going to buy one. I prefer red roses to white ones。Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago？ the one代替表示特指的單數(shù)名詞，the onethatHere are six rings。 Pick out the one you like best. H

5、and me my coat. Its the one hanging on the wall.the ones代替表示特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，the onesthoseDont buy the expensive apples； get the cheaper ones。Id like to try on those shoes， the ones at the front of the window. all， none，no oneall表示“（三者或三者以上）所有的”，指代可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，all可作定語(yǔ)All were present at the

6、 meeting。All other children are in the classroom. All of the money has been spent. Say all you know and say it without reservation.none表示“（三者或三者以上)都不”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，指代可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可;指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，none可和of連用None of this money is mine. None of my friends is/are interested. I wanted some more coffee but ther

7、e was none left. All of the trees were cut down, and none was/were left。None of the students failed the examination.no one表示“沒(méi)有人”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)No one was kinder to me at that time than Rose。Almost no one believed her。 both， either,neitherboth表示“兩者都，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞We invited both to come to

8、 our farm。Tom and Jack both made some progress. Both of them should make concessions.Both are not party members。either表示“兩者中任何一個(gè)”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞You can park on either side of the road。Either of the brothers is selfish。neither表示“兩者都不”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Neither of the two countries

9、 is satisfied with the result of the talk。 Neither answer is correct。both。and.。. （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）eq blc rc（avs4alco1（either。.or。,neither.。nor。. ）) eq avs4al(（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用，就近原則）Either you or Jim is going to Shanghai next week.Both Lily and Lucy are not good at Chinese.each, everyeach表示“每一個(gè),每個(gè)，后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，可

10、以和of連用She began to consult doctors， and each doctor had a different diagnosis (診斷）Each of these boys has a phone.every表示“每一個(gè),每個(gè)”，后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示三者或三者以上，不可以和of連用After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone.There are hospitals in every town of China.“every數(shù)詞/other/few名詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)表示“每隔”We see each o

11、ther every other day, always at my place.Every few weeks there are new buildings.“each /every單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Every student has got a new dictionary.Each student makes a page that describes a certain vocabulary word.other，the other, others，the others,anotherother表示“另一些，表泛指；any other表示“(一定范圍中）其他任何一

12、個(gè) There must be some other reasons for him refusing to help. I saw Tom with some other fellow students. Tom runs faster than any other student in his class。the other表示“兩者中的另一個(gè)”,表特指One of the murderers was caught, but the other is still at large。 I have two pictures of the Great Wall here. You have s

13、een one. Now Ill show you the other。others表示“別人，別的東西”，表泛指We should not think only of our children; there are others to be cared for also。 Others may object to this plan。the others表示“（某一范圍內(nèi))其余的”，表特指The search party was divided into two groups. Some went to the right； the others went to the left。 Jenn

14、y is cleverer than any of the others in her class。another表示“（三者或三者以上的）另一個(gè)”，表泛指；“another數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示在原有基礎(chǔ)上需要更多的東西You will have to stay here for another five days.This watch doesnt work。 I must get another one。few， a few，little，a littlefew， a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定， a few表示肯定The problem is so difficult that

15、 few people can solve it。 Only a few people can solve this problem。 a little， little修飾不可數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞， little表示否定， a little表示肯定There is little rainfall this spring。 Although it did not rain for the whole month， there is a little water in the pond.not a little表示“非常，修飾形容詞Mrs。 Brown was not a little fat。man

16、y，muchmany用于修飾可數(shù)名詞There are many books in our library.much用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞Much has been done to protect our environment.some， anysome一般用于肯定句，也可用于表示反問(wèn)、建議、邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中；在希望或預(yù)料對(duì)方可能做出肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中用someSome are doctors; some are nurses.Would you like some water？I have no money at the moment。 Could you lend me some？som

17、e還表示不確定的“某一個(gè)”，其后跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，不用冠詞The disease first broke out in some Asian country。any多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件句中Are there any cartoon books in this store？ If there are any new magazines in the library， take some for me.any也可用于肯定句中，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，意為“(三者或三者以上中的)任何一個(gè)”You can get it at any shop。復(fù)合不定代詞指人：someone, somebody用于肯定

18、句; anyone, anybody用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句； everyone， everybody， no one， nobody通用I am sure someone will come to help us.Did you meet anyone on your way home？ Anybody can do this work。 Its very simple.指物：something用于肯定句； anything表示“某某,某東西”時(shí)，用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句；表示“任何事，任何東西”時(shí)，用于肯定句； everything， nothing通用There was something wron

19、g with the car so he had to stop it。He looked at me and didnt say anything.I can hear nothing but your voice。something還可表示不確定的描述或數(shù)量,意為“大致，左右”； something like that 意為“大致如此”He said he had heard something like that on the radio.復(fù)合不定代詞分寫(xiě)與合寫(xiě)everyone， someone, anyone指人，不與of連用； every one, some one, any one

20、指人，可與of連用Someone suggests putting off the meeting. Almost every one of us read the book。部分否定all, every, both以及every。構(gòu)成的合成不定代詞與not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定Not all men can be masters。Both （the) windows are not open。Not everyone likes this book.2.指示代詞this, these,that，thosethis, these指空間上較近的事物； that， those指空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物Thi

21、s is my bed. That is Lilys bed。 I like these books， but I dont like those books。在電話用語(yǔ)中，this介紹自己,that詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方Hello! Is that Miss Green?-Yes, this is。 Whos that？that用來(lái)代替上文提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，后面常伴隨有限制性的修飾語(yǔ)，如of短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句;those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞The engine of your car is better than that of mine.The book you bought yesterday costs less than that I had bought before。 The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor。 The bikes made in China are as good as those made in the USA.三、it的用法it的用法代替前面提到的名詞本身I dropped my watch and it broke。 Its hard work, but I enjoy it.用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)Its un