商務信函的翻譯完整版ppt全套教學教程最全電子課件整本書ppt

1、第四章 商務信函的翻譯4.14.234內 容4.32.4商務信函特點商務信函短語句子翻譯商務信函類別及翻譯實訓概 述 商務是一種公文性質的信函。根據(jù)功能和寫作目的，商務信函分為請求、拒絕、投訴、道歉、建議、感謝、慰問、邀請、祝賀等。根據(jù)具體的國際貿易活動環(huán)節(jié)，可以將商務信函分為建立業(yè)務關系、詢盤、發(fā)盤、還盤、受盤、訂立合同、保險、裝運和索賠等。商務信函旨在商務交際，語言簡潔明了，語氣委婉，具有較強的呼喚功能。原文（例1）：We wish to draw your attention to the result of inspection made by CCIB Shanghai of the

2、 consignment of sulphur under Contract No.OXHJ73091 MC Shipped per s.s. (steamed ship) “Sanming” and discharged at Shanghai: 譯文：第OXHJ73091 MC號合同項目下的硫黃由SANMING號輪運卸至上海，希望貴方能對中國上海進出口商品檢驗局檢驗的結果予以重視。 4.1 商務信函特點英漢翻譯技巧: 突出重點，在形式、內容及風格上保持對等4.1.1語言簡潔、一目了然原文：On the strength of the Inspection Certificate No.22

3、1003 in one original and the Freight Account enclose herewith we file a claim against you for the following amounts.譯文：隨函寄去商檢證書第221003號正本一份和運費賬單，現(xiàn)向貴方提出如下索賠。 漢英翻譯技巧: 熟悉專業(yè)套話和行業(yè)背景4.1.2用詞準確，嚴謹規(guī)范原文： I beg to send it herewith to you and to ask you to examine it and to see if there are any mistakes therein

4、. 譯文：請閣下查閱其間有無錯誤 漢英翻譯技巧: 根據(jù)源語風格調整目的語稱呼及表達習慣4.1.3措辭禮貌，語氣委婉原文： Purity: 99.81% which is 0.09% lower than 99.9% as stipulated in the contract;譯文：純度：99.81%，比合同規(guī)定的99.9%低0.09%；漢英翻譯技巧: 熟悉專業(yè)術語、準確再現(xiàn)術語信息4.1.4多專業(yè)術語、縮略語和套語be subject to 以.為準 2. price sheet/list價目表 3. profit share 利潤分成 4. space available 空艙 5. boo

5、king agent 訂艙代理 4.2 商務信函短語句子翻譯（翻譯實訓）4.2.1一、將下列短語譯成漢語。6. a fortnight sailing雙周班7. in transit 中轉 8. bonded area 保稅區(qū) 9. freight to collect 到付運費 10. on a regular basis 定期，通常Thank you for your inquiry of April 10. We confirm having received your sample. 謝謝您4月10日的詢盤, 我們確認收到了你的樣品。2. We know you are interes

6、ted in walnuts, but regret to advise that this item is out of stock. 我方得知貴方對我方的核桃感興趣，但很抱歉目前沒有存貨。3. Please quote us your lowest price for walnuts. 請向我方報核桃最低價。4.2.2將下列句子譯成漢語（1） 4. While we appreciate your cooperation, we regret to say we cant reduce our price any further. 雖然我們感謝貴方的合作，但是很抱慊，我們不能再降價了。5.

7、 Lets meet each other half way. 我們各讓一步吧。4.2.2將下列句子譯成漢語（1） 6. The above price includes your 2% commission. 以上價格包括你方2%的傭金。7. Attached please find our illustrated catalogue. 隨函附寄我方插圖目錄，請查收。8. Please check and advise as soon as possible in case of delay. 請盡快核實并告知（最新消息）以免延誤。4.2.2將下列句子譯成漢語（2)9. We are wil

8、ling to appoint you as our agent on a commission basis of 3% of sales. 我方愿委任你方為代理商，傭金按銷售額的3%計算。10. Wed like to extend our congratulations on our successful business cooperation. 我們對雙方的成功業(yè)務合作表示祝賀。4.2.2將下列句子譯成漢語（2)4.3 商務信函類別及翻譯實訓 We learn from the recent issue of International Business that you are an

9、 exporter of foodstuff. As a retailer specializing in canned food, we are writing to you in hope of setting up business relations with you. 從最近一期國際商務雜志中，我們獲悉貴公司是一家食品出口商。作為一家專營罐裝食品的零售商，我們特致函貴方，希望建立貿易關系。4.3.1建立業(yè)務關系4.3 商務信函類別及翻譯實訓 We are glad to learn from your advertisement in China Textile News that

10、you are a professional manufacturer of cotton piece goods. We are quite interested in your tablecloth and table napkins. Therefore, we shall be obliged if you would send us the newest catalogue, price list and samples of various sizes. 很高興從中國紡織報的廣告上得知貴方是棉質產(chǎn)品的專業(yè)生產(chǎn)商。我們對貴方的桌布及餐巾非常感興趣。如能寄送最新目錄冊、價目單及各種尺寸

11、的樣品，我方將不勝感激。 4.3.2詢盤 親愛的先生/女士： 我方代表墨爾本企業(yè)總部致函，現(xiàn)有意從中國進口一批瓷器。請貴公司寄送最新產(chǎn)品目錄、價目表，并給予最優(yōu)報價。我方為澳大利亞大型連鎖店，如果貴方產(chǎn)品質量上乘，價格優(yōu)惠，我方的訂單數(shù)量將相當可觀。盼早日回復。 約翰懷特實訓任務案例一：詢盤Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to you on behalf of our principals in Melbourne who are interested in importing Chinaware from China. Could you please s

12、end us your latest catalogue and price list, quoting your most competitive prices? Our Principals are a large chain store in Australia and will probably place substantial orders if the quality and prices of your products are suitable.Looking forward to your early reply.Your faithfully，John White實訓任務

13、案例一：詢盤（答案） Thank you for your enquiry of May 11. We confirm having received your sample. We have carefully examined the sample and can assure you that we are able to produce articles of identical type and quality. Based on your annual requirements, we offer as follows:Plastic Zipper 3#: 1,000 dozen

14、USD 1.2/dzMetal Zipper 2#: 2,000 dozen USD 0.8/dzNet price, FOB FuzhouThe above items for which we have quoted are made of very best quality material and can be supplied in a range of designs and colors.4.3.3報盤 謝謝您5月11日的詢盤, 我們確認收到了你的樣品。我們已經(jīng)仔細檢查樣品并向貴方保證，我方能生產(chǎn)物品相同類型和質量貨物。根據(jù)貴方的需要，我方現(xiàn)報盤如下: 5號塑料拉鏈：供貨量100

15、0打，1.2美元/打;2號金屬拉鏈：供貨量2000打，0.8美元/打;福州離岸凈價格。 以上項目我們采用了最好質量的材料，以及可以提供范圍的一系列的設計和顏色。譯文報盤親愛的約翰： 很高興收到您8月15日關于瓷器的詢盤。我方現(xiàn)將產(chǎn)品目錄和價目表以附件形式發(fā)送給您。如產(chǎn)品目錄所展示，我方可提供各種各樣宴會及茶點瓷器，質量上乘，款型美觀，服務一流。如能與貴公司合作，我方愿意接受任何數(shù)量、任何形式（如需要，產(chǎn)品可以混搭）的訂單。如有任何問題，請隨時來函咨詢。 莎莉 實訓任務案例二：報盤/復函Dear John, It was a pleasure to receive your letter of

16、9 August inquiring about chinaware. Enclosed please find the catalogue and price list you asked for.As the catalogue displays, we can offer a wide selection of dinner and tea services of different styles. All the products are of high quality and elegant style with a first-class service. We would be

17、glad to accept your orders for any number of pieces, and can mix sets if required.If there is any further information you inquire, please contact us. Yours sincerely Sally實訓任務案例二：報盤/復函 （答案） We regret to state that your price is found to be on the high side. And recently we have already received some

18、 offers at lower prices from other suppliers. Under such circumstance, we cannot accept your price as the goods of similar quality are easily obtainable at much lower prices. Should you be ready to reduce your price by 5%, we might come to business.4.3.4還盤 很抱歉告知，我們認為價格偏高。近期，我們也收到了其他供應商的報盤，價格較為低廉。 在這

19、種情況下，我們無法接受貴方的報盤，因為質量類似的產(chǎn)品以較低的價格就可以買到。如能降價5%，有望成交。譯文還盤親愛的約翰： 感謝您的HT200-96訂單。我們注意到您要求的折扣是35%。事實上，比起其他供應商，我方報價已經(jīng)非常優(yōu)惠，利潤已經(jīng)非常薄，目前狀況下，最多只能給予客戶25%的折扣。但是，鑒于我們是第一次合作，我方想和貴公司長期往來，所以此次給予您30%的折扣。盼早日收到您的訂單。 實訓任務案例三：還盤Dear John, Thank you for your order No. HT200-96. We have noticed with interest that you are as

20、king for a 35% discount. As a matter of fact, the price we have quoted is very competitive compared with quotations from other suppliers. Furthermore, we are working on an extremely narrow profit margin, so 25% is the most generous discount we can give our customers under the present condition. Howe

21、ver, considering this is our first cooperation and we do hope to build up long-standing relationship between us, we are prepared to let you have a special discount of 30% for this business.We are looking forward to your order. Yours Sincerely， Sally實訓任務案例三：還盤（答案） On inspection, we found that 200 bag

22、s had burst and that the contents, estimated at 8,000kg, had been irretrievably lost. We proceeded to have a survey report made. The reports indicates that the loss was due to the use of substandard bags for which you, are responsible.4.3.5投訴 檢查貨物時， 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)有200袋貨物破損， 估計損失8000公斤。其后對該票貨進行檢驗，檢驗報告顯示，該損失是由于

23、包裝袋不合標準所致，故應由貴公司負責。 譯文投訴親愛的莎莉： 我方現(xiàn)就今晨到達的瓷器（貨號：HT200-96）和貴公司商榷。拆箱時才發(fā)現(xiàn)我方收到的貨物發(fā)錯了，該票貨顯然不是我方訂購的，應該是另外一家買主所訂。請告知我方的貨何時到達，我方客戶已經(jīng)等待多日。請告知我方收到的這票發(fā)錯的貨應如何處理。盼早日回復。 約翰實訓任務案例四：產(chǎn)品投訴Dear Sally, We would refer to your consignment of Chinaware (Order No. HT200-96) which arrived this morning. On opening the cases, w

24、e found that we had received the wrong goods, the shipment are apparently intended for another buyer instead of our company. Please let us know what we are to do with the wrong cargo. Please advise us when we can expect to receive our order, as our clients have been waiting for days.Looking forward

25、to your early reply. Yours Sincerely John實訓任務案例四：產(chǎn)品投訴（答案）親愛的約翰： 非常感謝您來函告知我方該票貨發(fā)送錯誤，對此我方深表歉意。近來碼頭工人正在罷工，許多貨從碼頭撤回重新裝船，我方由于匆忙造成此次混淆，希望給予諒解。 貴方貨物已經(jīng)在路上，最遲應該在一周內到達。懇請貴方先穩(wěn)住收到的那票貨，稍后當?shù)卮緯?lián)系你們。我們?yōu)榇舜五e誤給您帶來的不便真誠地表示道歉，我方保證類似事情絕不可能再次發(fā)生。 莎莉實訓任務案例五：投訴處理Dear John, Thank you for your letter informing us of the wron

26、g delivery .We must apologize for this error. Recently many dock workers are on strike, a number of cases were withdrawn from docks and redirected by container service, which caused some confusion in a hurry. We do apologize for this error and hope for your kind understanding. While confirming that

27、your consignment indeed on its way to you, and should arrive within a week, we wonder if you could hold the shipment already received until the local shipping agent can call for them. We greatly regret for the inconvenience caused by the error and offer our sincere apologies. We can assure you that

28、every effort will be made to ensure that similar errors do not occur again. Yours Sincerely Sally第四章 翻譯的方法目 錄直譯一意譯二其他方法三歸化與異化四4.1 直譯 直譯是在轉達原文意思的時候，使譯文的表達形式和句法結構盡量同原文一致，能完全對等的就完全對等，不能完全對等的也要大致對等。直譯法通常把忠實原文的內容放在第一位，而忠實原文的形式和通順的譯文次之。4.1 直譯 直譯法應用緣于英漢兩種語言之間存在著很多共性，然而兩種語言能夠完全對等的情況比較少，且僅限于一些包含簡單意思的短語、短句。大部

29、分情況下只是部分對應或在總的語勢上對應。4.1 直譯例如： 1crocodiles tears 鱷魚的眼淚 2armed to the teeth 武裝到牙齒 3chain reaction 連鎖反應 4gentlemens agreement 君子協(xié)定4.1 直譯 5紙老虎 paper tiger 6一國兩制 one country, two systems 7Partly as a result of the recently increasing demand, wholesale tea prices have almost doubled. 部分由于日益增長的需求，批發(fā)茶價幾乎翻了一

30、翻。4.1 直譯比較：1the Milky Way 銀河(牛奶路: 死譯、硬譯)2Justice has long arms. 天網(wǎng)恢恢，疏而不漏/罪犯難逃法網(wǎng)。 (法律有長胳膊。死譯、硬譯)3The sportsman has a clever tongue. 那位發(fā)言人能言善變。 （那位發(fā)言人有一個聰明的舌頭。死譯）4.1 直譯4. I am not sure whether I can win the honor. Its a bird in the bush. 我不敢肯定我能贏得這個榮譽，這還是未到手 的東西。 （我沒把握我能否獲得這個榮譽，它還是林中的鳥。死譯）5. The head

31、master made an example of the boy. 校長懲罰這個孩子，目的在于警告他人。 （校長把這個男孩當作榜樣。死譯）4.2 意 譯 翻譯時一些非常熟悉卻包含深層含義的詞句不能照字面直譯，否則會鬧出笑話或使譯文讀者不知所云。需要將深層隱含的意思表達出來，即打破原文的語言形式，用譯文的習慣表達形式把原文的意蘊再現(xiàn)出來。這就是意譯。 意譯以再現(xiàn)源語為標準，如果偏離了原文的內容與風格而隨意發(fā)揮，就成了胡譯、濫譯。 4.2 意譯 1. Adams apple： 喉結 （亞當?shù)奶O果：死譯，不了解圣經(jīng)的典故，令人費解）2. biological parents： 親生父母（生物父母：

32、死譯，令人費解）3. a nuclear family ( a family group that consists only of father, mother and children)： 小家庭（核心家庭：死譯，表達不當）4.2 意譯4. It rains cats and dogs (elephants and whales). 大雨滂沱。（下貓下狗：死譯，令人費解）5. Dont cross the bridge till you get to it. 不必擔心過早/不必自尋煩惱。 (不要等到了橋邊再過橋：死譯，寓意不明確)6. Do you see any green in my

33、eye? 你以為我是幼稚可欺的嗎? （你在我眼中看到綠色了嗎？：死譯， green“幼稚、沒有經(jīng)驗”的引申意義沒有表達出來。）4.2 意譯7. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我聽見他酣聲如雷。 （昨夜我聽見他把豬趕到市場去了：死譯， “drive ones pig to market”(打鼾)的寓意沒有表達出來。）4.2 意譯 長期的翻譯實踐之后人們發(fā)現(xiàn)：真正主張直譯的人其實并不排斥意譯，而是反對胡譯、濫譯；主張意譯的人也不排斥直譯，而是反對死譯、硬譯。直譯容易出現(xiàn)“翻譯癥”，即追求機械對等；意譯容易脫離原文本意，即隨

34、意濫譯。直譯和意譯應該互相兼容補充。4.3 其他翻譯方法 直譯和意譯雖然是我們經(jīng)常使用的行之有效的方法，但是由于兩種語言存在文化差異及各自的不同表達習慣等多種因素，在實踐中我們還要借助于一些其他方法解決翻譯中遇到的這類問題。 4.3.1混合譯法 混合譯法指在翻譯過程中，采用單一的直譯或意譯達不到好的翻譯效果時，將兩種方法結合使用。例如： Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失業(yè)人數(shù)總是居高不下，已經(jīng)十多個年頭了。 (前半句意譯，后半句直譯) 4.3.1混合譯法2. 安居工程： housi

35、ng project for low-income family （安居工程指的是解決低收入家庭的住房問題，后半句把此意表達出來，是意譯）3. 這個攤販叫賣道：“ 快來買呀， 過了這個村可沒這個店了。” The peddler hawked:” Now or never!” （前半句直譯，后半句意譯）4.3.2 釋義法 由于英漢語言存在文化差異，有些詞語、習語或者句子在譯語中很難找到對等詞語。這時譯者需要將這部分內容加以解釋才能準確地表達原語信息。這種方法稱之為釋義法。 4.3.2 釋義法Davids girl friend is as beautiful as Helen. 大衛(wèi)的女友像海倫

36、一樣漂亮-海倫，古希臘美女，相當于中國的西施、楊玉環(huán)。4.3.2 釋義法2. Its not easy to become a member of that club-they want people who have plenty of money to spend, not just every Tom, Dick, and Harry. 加入這個俱樂部不容易，他們要的是有錢人，不是每個普通人物都可以成為會員的。 （Tom, Dick, and Harry是英美國家非常 普通的名字，此處指普通人物。）4.3.2 釋義法3. 姜太公釣魚, 愿者上鉤： like the fish rising

37、 to Chiang Tai Gongs hook-less and bait-less linewillingly fall into the snare 4.3.2 釋義法4. 紅樓夢： A Dream of Red Mansion；Shitouji；The Story of the Stone；Red Chamber，novel published in the early Qing Dynasty by Cao Xueqin4.3.2 釋義法 5. 三資企業(yè)： the three types of companies with foreign elements， i.e. Sino-f

38、oreign joint ventures，Sino-foreign cooperative businesses and wholly foreign-owned enterprises4.3.3 推演法 推演法是意譯的一種具體方法，要求譯者根據(jù)詞典所給的意義和原文具體的語境推斷出某個詞的詞義。譯文不僅僅要包含原文單詞的指示意義，還必須包含它的隱含意義，即這個詞所能給人的聯(lián)想。 4.3.3 推演法 packaged technology： 成套技術 package tour： 包辦旅行 package transfer： 成套轉讓 package insurance： 總括保險，綜合保險 p

39、ackage rate： 計件運價率4.3.3 推演法a bicycle doctor：自行車修理工TV doctor：電視機修理工computer doctor：電腦維修人員play doctor：修改劇本使其適于上演的人business doctor：企業(yè)顧問4.3.4 音譯法 音譯法是指用一種文字符號來表示另一種文字系統(tǒng)的文字符號的過程或結果。這種方法主要用于源語和譯入語之間差異很大，同時存在著語義缺失，翻譯不可能直接從形式或語義入手的情況。 4.3.4 音譯法gene基因Master-card 萬事達（萬用卡）Coca-Cola可口可樂pizza比薩餅 bowling: 保齡球云吞：w

40、onton soup 武術wushu (martial arts) 太極拳taijiquan(shadow-boxing)4.3.5 形譯法 形譯法亦稱“像譯法”，是通過具體形象直接表達原意的翻譯方法，其實務形象由譯語文字直接顯示的。1. T-shirt T恤衫 2. A-frame A型支架 3. O-ring O型環(huán) 4.Twist drill 麻花鉆 5.Y-curve 叉形曲線4.3.5 形譯法 形譯法亦稱“像譯法”，是通過具體形象直接表達原意的翻譯方法，其實務形象由譯語文字直接顯示的。例如： L-wheel L輪 T-square 丁字 Cross bit 十字 V-belt 三角皮

41、帶4.3.6 移植法 移植就是按詞典所給出的意義將詞的各個詞素的意義依次翻譯出來。 microwave：微波 de-oil: 脫脂 superconductivity: 超導性 data-phone：數(shù)據(jù)送話（機） day-glow: 日輝 linear-induction motor: 線性感應馬達 4.3.7 引申法 所謂引申，是指在不脫離原文的基礎上，運用延續(xù)或擴展的方法進行翻譯?？梢跃唧w事務抽象表達，如A組例詞，也可以抽象概念具體化處理，如B例詞。 A: modesty：謙虛態(tài)度； sensibility：靈敏性 innocence: 無知表現(xiàn) B: the red: 赤字 brain

42、 trust：智囊團 a bolt from the blue: 晴天霹靂 4.4 異化和歸化 異化和歸化是直譯和意譯的概念延伸，但又不完全等同于直譯和意譯。直譯和意譯所關注的核心問題是如何在語言層面處理形式和意義，而異化和歸化則突破了語言因素的局限，將視野擴展到語言、文化和美學等因素。 4.4 異化和歸化 1. shed crocodile tears: 灑鱷魚淚（異化）/ 假慈悲（歸化）2. have an ace up your sleeve: 袖中藏有王牌（異化）/ 錦囊妙計 (歸化)3. be armed to the teeth: 武裝到牙齒（異化）/ 全副武裝 (歸化)4. a

43、stick-and-carrot policy: 大棒加胡蘿卜政策（異化）/ 打一巴掌再給個甜棗（歸化)5. All roads lead to Rome. 條條大路通羅馬。（異化）/殊途同歸（歸化）練 習一、判斷下列譯文中所使用的方法是直譯還是意譯。（ ）1. talent market：人才市場 （ ）2. black sheep：害群之馬（ ）3. pillar industry：支柱產(chǎn)業(yè) （ ）4. the Green Great Wall：綠色長城 （ ）5. freeze ones assets: 凍結某人的財產(chǎn) 直譯意譯直譯直譯直譯練 習（ ）6. You have a luck

44、y star over you. 你真是福星高照。（ ）7. May I have a rain check? 這次不行，下次有請必到。（ ）8. Outdoors the earth frozen to a 3-foot depth; Indoors warm and cozy like spring. 戶外冰凍三尺，室內春意濃濃。 (電暖器廣告)直譯意譯直譯練 習（ ） 9. She is now between the devil and the deep sea on this matter. 她在這個問題上真是進退維谷。（ ）10. I wont be in your way. 我不會拖你后腿的。意譯意譯練 習二、判斷下面譯文中使用的是異化還是歸化方法。（ ）1. kill two birds with one stone: 一石二鳥（一箭雙雕、一舉兩得）（ ）2. cry wine and sell vinegar： 掛羊頭賣狗肉。（ ）3. have ones nose in the air: 得意忘形異化歸化歸化練 習（ ）4. sta