10年翻譯英語考研真題

1、一、將下列段落譯為漢語（25 分）Outside Europe, the most importanters in 1939 were undoubtedly Japan and the United Ses.Japan was at the time already deeply involved in hostilities with China. After seizing the northernprovinoft country in 1931 andanizing themo the puppet se of Manchukuo, Japanhad tried to protect

2、 its rich loot and to expand its influence in China by a series oferventions,particularlyhe rest of northern China. These steps had not surprisingly produced a risingtide of anti-Japasentiments in China, whichurn led the Japato embroil themselveseven more deeplyo Chiairs. When this tendency toerfere

3、 in China was combined witha degree ofernal confuand incoherence withhe Japaernmentt made the Chiwarlords of the time lookwellanized, new trouble wasalmost certao follow. (141words)二、將下列短文譯為漢語（50 分）Inflation: Chinas least wanted export.When inflation starts to kill people then it is a seriousproblem

4、. Three people died and 31 were injured on Saturday in a stede to buy cut-price cookingoilhe western Chicity of Chongqing. China can no longer explain away inflation as ashort-term result of floods anddemics of animal disease ? nor can it ignore the strains itsmacroeconomic policies are producing.Co

5、oking oil is a spel case ? its price influenced by demand from Chinas glut of new biofuelrefineries ? but the broadrice of food has risen in recent months by moren 15 per centcompared wiyear earr. Floods and other acts of God have had their effect, as has the globalrise in wheat pri, but there are s

6、tructural forat work as well.Nor is inflation confined to food any longer: producriare creng up. The PPI formanufactured goods was up 3.2 per cent in October ? many steel products rose by moren 10 percent ? and the PPI is likely to go even higher when the recent 10 per cent hikehe controlledpump pri

7、ce of diesel feeds through. Given the likelihoodt more se-controlled priwillhave to rise, and givent the offil inflation data do not properly capture important pri,such as the cost of education, the real situation may be even worse.t is a worry for the rest of the world, used to enjoying the “China

8、price”, a seeminglyopen-ended deflationary prere on the world economy. The surge in Chiinflation since Junehas barely fed througho export priyet ? but it will. Chinas currency has also been gentlyappreting, but so far improvements in productivity have meantt Chimanufacturers havenot needed to raise

9、export pri. If currency appretion speeds up,t will change.The renminbi may have to rise faster because the toolst China is using to tackle inflationhave not worked. Breserve requirements were hiked again over thekend, to 13.5 per cent,but the strain on the bing sectors profitability will start tol.e

10、rest rates haverisen repeatedly, but with CPI inflation above 6 per cent, and benark lending rates only slightlyhigher, realerest rates are low.There must now be a low, but non-zero, probabilityt China opts for a one-off revaluation ofthe renminbi in order to ease its domestic monetary problems.t wo

11、uld be the right move. Theadjustment would be easier both for China and for the rest of the world if the renminbi had notbeen kept so low for so long. But the pain of unwinding global imbalanwill only get worsethe longer they are left. (551 words)三、將下列段落譯為英語（25 分）科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展觀。唯物辯證法認(rèn)為，世界是普遍聯(lián)系的，任何事物的

12、發(fā)展必然與其他事物相互聯(lián)系、相互制約，只有協(xié)調(diào)好各方面關(guān)系，才能實現(xiàn)健康發(fā)展；否則，只能是畸形的發(fā)展。要實現(xiàn)全面發(fā)展，就必須立足新的歷史起點，處理好由發(fā)展的階段性特征所伴生的新和新問題，因此，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是實現(xiàn)全面發(fā)展的正確道路和政策途徑。協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，是指各個方面的發(fā)展要相互適應(yīng)，就是要統(tǒng)籌城發(fā)展、統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展、統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展、統(tǒng)籌人與自然和諧發(fā)展、統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放，促進現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個環(huán)節(jié)、各個方面相協(xié)調(diào)，促進生產(chǎn)關(guān)系與生產(chǎn)力、上層建筑與經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)相協(xié)調(diào)。(268 字)四、將下列短文譯為英語（50 分）無論如何，創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)資源，不論其初始分配如何，最終是要通過各種各樣的，流入到具有企業(yè)家精神的

13、人手里，這是市場的一個基本趨勢。這些人獲得對他人的的支配權(quán)、使用權(quán)，以之為自己創(chuàng)造，并積累。這正是市場具有效率的根源。它可以動態(tài)地、自發(fā)地把資源從資源利用效率較低的人手里轉(zhuǎn)移到資源利用效率較高的人手里。講“富不過三代”，其中有一些無奈，但也揭示了市場的精髓所在：本身并不能充當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｕ?。因為，本來就不是?chuàng)造出來的。所以，由于企業(yè)家精神積累了的人的后代，未必總是能夠最有效地利用他們手里所掌握的資源。如果是在制社會，這就將損害全社會的資源利用效率。而市場向這些家庭提供了足夠的制度安排，使之自然地將其掌握資源交給富有企業(yè)家精神的人控制。假如他們不愿意這樣做，那市場就會無情地淘汰他們，以的方式使其交出對資源的控制權(quán)。市場總是頑固地要把資源轉(zhuǎn)移到能力最高的企業(yè)家手里。權(quán)力控制經(jīng)濟的社會、制社會、國有企業(yè)制度，都無法做到這一點，因而其經(jīng)濟整體效率必然要比市場配置資源的社會低很多。所