智慧城市：未來香港2030

1、1Future Hong Kong 2030Viewpoints22Effective smart city governance requires flexible models for public-private cooperationJaewon Peter Chun, President, World Smart Cities Forum28Creating a dynamic open data ecosystem in Hong KongDonald Mak, Assistant Government Chief Information Officer (IT Infrastru

2、cture), Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO), HKSAR Government30Common Spatial Data Infrastructure: a critical investment for Hong Kongs smart city developmentDr. Winnie Tang, Honorary President, Smart City Consortium31Data security: an essential part of a vibrant IoT ecosystem

3、Eric Chong, President and CEO, Siemens Limited37Accelerating efforts for a sustainable futureWaltraut Ritter, Principal, Knowledge Dialogues39Innovation to drive sustainabilityAustin R. Bryan, Senior Director, Innovation, CLP40Smart lighting: making Hong Kong more liveable and sustainableTimothy Mak

4、, General Manager, Hong Kong and Macau, Signify46Hong Kongs smart development equals opportunities in Southeast AsiaPatrick Lau, Deputy Executive Director, Hong Kong Trade Development Council48Strengthening Hong Kongs role as a bridge between marketsPeter Yan, CEO, Cyberport49Regulation, funding and

5、 talent: three keys to boost start-up innovationKarena Belin, Co-Founder and CEO, WHub and AngelHub56Affordable quality housing critical to Hong Kongs future innovationSachin Doshi, Founder and CEO, Weave Co-Living57Digital literacy and community outreach: paths to a smarter cityNiQ Lai, Co-Owner &

6、Group Chief Executive Officer, HKBN58Connectivity and innovative cooperation models equally critical to realise smart mobility in Hong KongHenry Louie, Managing Director, Wilson GroupCase studies21Taipei Smart Living Lab27Edmonton Open City Initiative38Plastic “upcycling” in Hong Kong38“Garment to g

7、arment” recycling in Hong Kong47Connecting start-ups and corporates to power the next generation of innovation52Supporting an equitable workforce in Kowloon East, Hong Kong52Artificial intelligence in educationParkDC: demand-based pricing system for curbside parkingSmart solutions for elderly homes

8、2020 KPMG, a Hong Kong partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.2Future Hong Kong 2030About the studyThe Future Hong Kong 2030 white paper is published by K

9、PMG China in cooperation with CLP, Cyberport, HKBN JOS, Smart City Consortium, Siemens, Weave Co-Living, and Wilson Group. It analyses the internal and external factors shaping Hong Kongs smart city transformation over the next ten years and looks at how effective governance, smart infrastructure an

10、d innovation can be used to address the citys biggest urban challenges. This is the third annual report on smart city development, building on the Connected Cities report launched in 2019 and the Connecting Hong Kong report in 2018.To examine how organisations can contribute to Hong Kongs smart city

11、 development in the next decade and identify opportunities for future engagement, YouGov was commissioned to survey 430 executives in corporate enterprises, small-and-medium size businesses, start-ups, government, not-for-profit and academia, across a broad range of industry sectors.Among the execut

12、ives surveyed, 81 percent are “senior management”, including C-level (CEO, COO, CFO, or equivalent) or department heads. The respondent pool features a diverse pool of organisations: 42 percent are small or medium-sized businesses; 38 percent large businesses/ corporates; 9 percent independent contr

13、actors and consultants; 7 percent not-for-profit organisations/non-governmental organisations (NGOs); 2 percent government/civil service; and 2 percent academic institutions. 97 respondents (23 percent) identified their organisations as “start- ups”. 71 percent of respondents organisations are headq

14、uartered in Hong Kong.In total, 13 key industry sectors are represented, most prominent of which are technology and innovation (20 percent); professional services (12 percent); real estate (11 percent); financial services (10 percent); infrastructure (7 percent) and manufacturing (6 percent).The rep

15、ort also includes in-depth interviews with industry practitioners and case studies showcasing best practices in Hong Kong and other cities. 2020 KPMG, a Hong Kong partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG Inter

16、national”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.3Future Hong Kong 2030430Survey demographic highlightsexecutives from business, not-for-profit organisations, government, and academic institutionsSmall or medium sized businessLarge business/ corporate 42%Independent consultant/ contractor/ self-emplo

17、yed738%9%2%2%Not-for-profit organisation/NGO97respondents (23%) are from start-ups81%of respondents aresenior management (C-level or department head)Government/ Civil serviceAcademic institutionsTop sectors represented are technology/innovation, professional services, real estate, financial services

18、, infrastructure and manufacturingTechnology & innovation Professional servicesReal estateFinancial services Infrastructure ManufacturingRetail Trade & logistics Conglomerate Education Government Healthcare/Life sciencesTelecommunications12%11%10%7%6%4%3%3%2%2%2%2%20%Other highlights71% of responden

19、ts companies are headquartered in Hong KongMore than half (55%) of respondents have more than 15 years of experience in their industry sector64% have been working in Hong Kong more than 10 years73% have lived in Hong Kong more than 10 years 2020 KPMG, a Hong Kong partnership and a member firm of the

20、 KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.4Future Hong Kong 2030Executive summaryThere are a number of long term global trends, coupled with several internal factors specific to Hong Kong that

21、will shape the citys smart transformation in the future. Many of these are interconnected and represent complex challenges for the citys leaders. Effective governance, prioritising the needs of residents, and an ongoing focus on technology innovation will be crucial for Hong Kong to achieve its smar

22、t city objectives over the next 10 years.A key finding in this years Future Hong Kong 2030 survey is that the government has an important role to play in facilitating smart city development. Having future- focused government regulation and policy, together with the development of technology infrastr

23、ucture, are considered by survey respondents to be the most critical factors to support Hong Kongs continued progress.Housing affordability is seen as a top issue to address, with respondents identifying the creation of more affordable homes as the leading priority for Hong Kongs future development,

24、 closely followed by making more efficient use of land and public space.Respondents also highlight the importance of innovation to the success of the city as well as their own organisations. Three-quarters of those surveyed are planning to increase investment in research and development (R&D) in the

25、 coming year with more than half prioritising local R&D investment in Hong Kong.Ensuring the city has a workforce equipped with the necessary skills is also a major imperative. Respondents consider providing training to ensure their staff have the right skills as being just as important, if not more

26、 so, than investing in new technology itself. Three-quarters of survey respondents plan to increase specialised training in digital technologies, broadly in line with the proportion planning to increase investment in technology.Industry players interviewed for this report would also like to see Hong

27、 Kongs education system adapted to encourage more students to take up Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects to ensure they have a steady flow of relevant talent in the future.When it comes to their own success, having access to the right talent will be the key determining

28、factor for Hong Kong organisations in the coming decade.Respondents see mainland China, particularly the nine mainland China cities in the Greater Bay Area (GBA), as well as ASEAN countries as important sources to fill local talent gaps.Co-creation and cooperation between the public and private sect

29、or also play an important role in smart city development. Survey respondents expressed a strong willingness to partner with the government on projects in this area.However, only a minority of organisations surveyed are currently working with the government on smart city initiatives, with most saying

30、 there are insufficient opportunities for partnerships.Developing a broader base of shared data for the public to use is another area requiring improvement. Open data can greatly contribute to smart citydevelopment, allowing government departments, individuals and businesses to harness analytics too

31、ls to optimise city management and urban planning.The past year has seen some progress in this area with around 4,000 data sets now available on the governments open data portal, .hk. However, the survey highlights the need to continue to raise awareness about the platform, 2020 KPMG, a Hong Kong pa

32、rtnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.5Future Hong Kong 2030with nearly half of respondents saying they are either not familiar with it or do not plan to u

33、se it. Private businesses also showed a lack of awareness or a lack of willingness to share their own data through the platform, with only a small minority of those polled currently contributing to it.Sustainability plays an important role in smart city development, and technology can be used to hel

34、p conserve resources and reduce Hong Kongs impact onthe environment. Organisations recognise this and are focused on improving their own sustainability, with more than a third of respondents investing in technology to reduce their energy usage, carbon footprint or waste levels.Integrating environmen

35、tal, social and governance (ESG) into their overall digital transformation strategy is also a top consideration for a similar proportion of respondents.The ability to reduce costs is the key motivation among organisations for implementing ESG practices, followed by a desire to stay competitive with

36、other leading brands, the survey finds. Demand from customers is also a key factor driving the adoption of ESG.Hong Kong is economically connected with substantial markets in close proximity. A significant proportion of the citys economic activity is linked to Greater China and within that the GBA a

37、s well as the ASEAN region. The GBA is viewed by Hong Kongs larger corporates as the preferred destination for outbound direct investment including R&D. Meanwhile, small and medium-sized enterprises, including start-ups, plan to prioritise trade and investment with ASEAN countries, according to the

38、survey. Continued development of Hong Kongs trade and investment links with these markets will be fundamental to Hong Kongs economic prosperity, acting as drivers for growth and the creating of future employment opportunities for its citizens.The survey also suggests that start-ups also need to more

39、 effectively leverage the benefits of the GBA. While many start-up respondents say their organisation currently partners with Hong Kong-based corporations or universities on R&D projects, only a minority said the same for similar organisations in the rest of the GBA.There is also a need for deeper c

40、ollaboration between corporates and start-ups on smart city projects, in order to develop solutions that can most effectively benefit the community. Although nearly half of corporates plan to partner with start-ups on pilot projects in the coming year, a smaller number plan to develop new products o

41、r services with them, or to partner on go-to-market initiatives.Next stepsThe report analyses next steps to help optimise Hong Kongs development as a smart city. These include greater connectivity between individual government departments, best practices for effective governance as well as increased

42、 collaboration between the public and private sector. Corporates should also expand their partnerships with universities, start-ups and other companies, while focusing on sustainability and talent development. Start-ups and SMEs needto make full use of the resources available to them, and proactivel

43、y seek out opportunities to collaborate with both larger businesses and universities. Please see p. 60 for a summary of key takeaways. 2020 KPMG, a Hong Kong partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG Internatio

44、nal”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.6Future Hong Kong 2030Envisioning Hong Kong 2030Building a smarter, more sustainable, more liveable city togetherThe starting point for this report is the challenges Hong Kong will face in the coming decade and how effective governance, smart infrastructure

45、 and technology can be harnessed to address these issues and enhance residents lives.There are a number of long-term global trends that will impact Hong Kong and shape its development. Any future vision for Hong Kong must respond to where the city sits economically, socially and demographically in b

46、oth the region and the world.Global trends such as increasing empowerment of individuals, ageing populations, climate change, resource scarcity, economic interconnectivity, the geopolitical climate, and rapid technological disruption all present both risks and opportunities to cities. The impact of

47、these factors must be clearly understood and factored into Hong Kong as it plans for the future.At the same time, there are a range of internal factors specific to Hong Kong which need to be considered. These include the amenity and liveability of the city, land use and urban redevelopment, resource

48、 and waste management, and the need to boost R&D and innovation. In addition, there are several societal issues impacting Hong Kong that will need to be addressed for it to realise its 2030 ambitions. These include tackling income inequality and poverty, housing affordability, equipping the workforc

49、e with skills needed for the future, and taking care of the citys growing elderly population (see Figure 1).Figure 1: External and internal factors shaping Hong Kongs development as a smart cityoGlobal trendsSustainability & ResourcesPeopleUN Sustainable development goalsAmenity & LiveabilityResourc

50、e and waste managementClimate changeAddressing income inequalityAffordability of housingTransportation & MobilityAgeing PopulationResource ScarcityreadinessLand use and urbanredevelopmentFactorsthat shape Hong Kongs developmentBuilding a future-focused workforceHealthcare and elderly careIndividualE

51、conomic GrowthR&D and Direct InvestmentEmpowermentGlobal Climate ChangeEmployment and Job CreationFuture-focused policy and regulationGeopolitical ClimateCapital Markets and Investment TrendsEconomic and geopolitical factorsEconomic interconnectivity7Future Hong Kong 2030Liveability and Sustainabili

52、tyA citys liveability goes to the heart of the wellbeing and quality of life for its citizens. It is influenced by factors such as its built and natural environments, access to efficient and cost-effective government services, mobility, education and employment opportunities, and the welfare of its

53、most disadvantaged citizens.In 2019, Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Hong Kong as the 38th most liveable city in the world, noting its “high quality infrastructure and broad cultural and recreational activities”. The ranking was two places ahead of Singapore but behind other Asia-Pacific hubs suc

54、h as Sydney, Melbourne, Tokyo and Osaka, all of which ranked in the top ten.1Hong Kongs physical sustainability will be shaped by its resilience to climate change and its management of scarce resources. Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges the world currently faces. The citys abilit

55、y to transition its energy sources from fossil fuels to renewable energy will be increasingly important going forward.Hong Kong is ranked as the ninth most sustainable city in Asia in Arcadis latest Asian Sustainable Cities Index,2 but there are still further improvements tobe made. Electricity gene

56、ration accounts for 70 percent of Hong Kongs total carbon emissions,3 with just 1 percent of Hong Kongs energy currently coming from renewable sources. At current rates, this level is expected to rise to only 3 percent to 4 percent by 2030.4As well as generating more energy from sustainable sources,

57、 Hong Kong also needs to develop ways to reduce energy usage. Building-related activities account for 90 percent of Hong Kongs total energy consumption, compared with a global average of 40 percent.5 The introduction of a smart power grid and artificial intelligence-driven technology can help to opt

58、imise energy consumption.Implementing green building standards and retrofitting existing buildings to make them more environmentally friendly can also save energy. However, at the end of 2019, only 1,577 buildings in the city had a BEAM Plus rating, a tailor- made standard for Hong Kong which assess

59、es the sustainability of a building throughout its lifecycle, out of more than 42,000 private sector properties.6The adoption of electric vehicles is also an important part of an environmentally sustainable city. While Hong Kongs MTR network, which is used by an average of more than 4.3 million peop

60、le a day,7 is electric, progress has been slower for other forms of transport, particularly public buses and private cars.Waste management and recycling is another key aspect of sustainability that requires attention in Hong Kong. The city recycled just 30 percent of municipal solid waste in 2018,8