八年級英語語法現(xiàn)在完成時練習題及答案說課講解

1、一、時態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(1)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞have +過去分詞構(gòu)成，助動詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以study為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單 回答形式如下：否定式疑問式I have not (haven t) studied.Have I studied - ?You have not (haven t)studied .Have you studied ？He has not (hasn t) studied.Has he studied - ?否定疑問式簡單回答(肯

2、定/否定)Have I not (Haven t I) studied-?Yes, you have. No, you haven t.Have you not (Haven t you) studied-?Yes, I have. No, I haven t.Has he not (Hasn t he) studied-?Yes, he has. No, he hasn t.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在完成時通常表示在 說話之前已經(jīng)完成的動作 或存在的 狀態(tài)。說話人強調(diào)的是該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。My daughter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I m sure we

3、 ve met before. 我肯定我們以前見過面。She has arrived 她到 了。2)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的 表示一段時間的狀語連用，如 recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet 等。如：I havent heard from her these days 這些日子我沒有收到她 的信。We haven t seen you recently. 最近我們沒有見到你。They have been away for two years.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。She has been with us since

4、 Monday注忌：a) since和for的區(qū)別since 后接時間點，如 1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段時間，表示“長達多久”，如ten years, a while,two days 等。Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空Jim has been in Ireland Monday.Jill has been in Ireland three days.His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.Mary is in her office. She has

5、 been there 7 oclock.India has been an independent country 1974.The bus is late. Theyve been waiting 20 minutes.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospitalOctober.2）表示短暫意義的動詞如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin,start, die 等，在完成時當

6、中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，因為它們表示的動作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說：He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months. xThey have left only for 5 minutes. x以上三句話可以改為：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has for 4 months.They have only for 5 minutes2 ) have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 的區(qū)別：表示“曾到過某地” 要用 “have (h

7、as) been” ; 表示 “已經(jīng)去某地” 要用 “have(has) gone ” 。試比較：Where has he been? 他剛才到哪里去了？(已經(jīng)回來了)Where has he gone? 他上哪兒去了？(人不在)They have been to Canada. 他們到過加拿大。 (現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大)They have gone to Canada. 他們到加拿大去了。 (可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大) .3)現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I cam

8、e in ，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before,lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等連用。例如：She has already come. 她已經(jīng)來了。I haven t read it yet. 我還沒讀過這個。I have met him before. 我從前曾見過他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 馬紅一直是個好學生。I have often seen him in the street. 我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。They h

9、ave never been to Yan an. 他們從未去過延安。I havent seen him lately. 我近來沒看到他。Exercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.Ialready (see) the film. I (see) it last week.he (finish) his work today? Not yet.My father just (come) back from work. He is tirednow.Where s Li Ming ? He (go) to the teacher s o

10、ffice.I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999.So far I (make) quite a few friends here.How long the Wangs (stay) here ?For two weeks.I just (finish) my homework.He (go) to school on foot every day.you (find) your science book yet?If it (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.The students (read) Englis

11、h when the teachercame in.Look! The monkey (climb) the tree.My mother (come) to see me next Sunday.Ive lost my pen. you (see) it anywhere?II. Choose the best answer.How long have you here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. beenMy grandpa died .A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was

12、6.Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. neverbeenIt is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. since C. forD. that-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have met C. had metD.will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just

13、2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had-Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I friends since we were very young.A. have made B. have become C. have beenD. have turnedThe Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have been D. live-Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.

14、Can I speak to Mr. Black?- Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to-you ever to the US?- Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, 精品文檔精品文檔 goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.I have been to Macau before. （改為否定句）I been to Macau before.He hasn t co

15、me to school because he was ill. （就劃線部分提問）he come to school?I bough a new bike just now. （用 just 改寫 ）I just a new bike.We began to learn English three years ago.改為同義句）We English three yearsHe has never surfed, ? （改成反意疑問句）They have been here since 2000. （對劃線部分提問 ） have they been here?The old man last

16、 year. He has fora year. （die） （動詞填空）Miss Gao left an hour ago. （ 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gao has an hour ago.Ask the questionsI have been there for two days.you?My father has lived here since 2000. your father ?He left here yesterday.he ?They bought a book two hours ago.they a book?Use “ never, ever, already, j

17、ust, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.Jack has finished his homework.Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.“ Have you seen the film?”“ No, I have seen it.”“Has the bus left ?”“Yes, it has left.”現(xiàn)在完成時練習題及答案一、翻譯下列句子：精品文檔你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯條嗎？我剛剛丟了我

18、的化學書。我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。他已經(jīng)吃過午飯你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？我哥哥還沒回來。這本字典我已買了三年了。他離開中國三年了。我認識他們五年了。他們已去了美國五年了。自從他搬到濟寧，他就住這兒了。我妹妹成為一個大學生已經(jīng)三年。自從 1999 年以來他們就認識。我來到這個學校已 3 年多了。二、用 since和for填空1.two years3._last month5.yesterday7 4 hours2.two years ago4.19996.4 o clock8.an hour ago_wewere children10. lunch timeshe left hereHe ha

19、s lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.I ve known him we were children.Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.She has been away from the city about ten years.It s about ten years she left the city.三、 結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to s

20、pf be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be thereHe got to Beijing five minutes ago.He TOC o 1-5 h z Beijing for.I moved to the USA in 2008. Ithe USAsince.I went home yesterday.Ihomefor.They came here last week. They heresince .come to / go back to / return to be back to go out f

21、be outHe came out two years ago.He for. TOC o 1-5 h z We return to Beijing yesterday.We toBeijing since .become f beI became a teacher in 2000. I a teacherfor .The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for .close f be closedopen f be openThe shop closed two hours ago. The shop for .The door

22、opened at six in the morning.The door for six hours.get up f be up； die f be dead； leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep f be asleep； finish / end f be over；sincemarry f be married;I got up two hours ago.IHe left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai for five minutes.My grandpa died in 200

23、2.My grandpa for .The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.I got to sleep two hours ago .I sinceThey married in 1990. They TOC o 1-5 h z since .start / begin to do sth. f do sth. ; begin f be onI began to teach at this school in 1995. I at thisschool since .The film began two minutes ag

24、o.The film for .borrow f keep； lose f not have ; buy f have ; put onget to know f know They it sinceI a pen forI him since7 wearcatch / get a cold f have a cold；They borrowed it last week.I bought a pen two hours ago.I got to know him last year.I put on my glasses three years ago. I my glasses forha

25、ve / has gone to f have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyf be a league member /a Party member / a soldierf be a member of the league / the Partyf be in the league / the Party / the armyHe joined the league in 2002.He a for two years.He a th

26、e for two years.He the league for two years.My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for My brother in for two years.四、劃線提問I have been there for two days. you TOC o 1-5 h z My father has lived here since 2000. your father ?He left here yesterday.he ?They bought a book two hours ago. the

27、y a book 五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。Where Li Fei ?He to Hainan Island.How long he there?He there for three days.When will he come back , do you know?I m afraid he won t come back recently.Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?Sorry, I never there.How many times Li Fei to thatplace?H

28、e there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填 空。Where is Jack? He his country.David the park just now.John England since he came back.How long they this village?The Smiths Beijing for years. you ever America? - Yes, I there manytimes.I this school since three years ago.Wher

29、e is Jim? He the farm.Whenhe ? He an hour ago.Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but Ithere before.Where you now? - I to the zoo.He often swimming.you there last year?they often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since#空I have seen him before, so I have no idea abou

30、t him.Jack has finished his homework.Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.“ Have you seen the film?”“ No, I have seen it.”“ Has the bus left ?”“ Yes, it has left.”八 . 用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：She s (live) here ever since she was ten.Both of them (be) in Hongkong for tendays.Both of them (come) to Hongkong t

31、en days ago.Half an hour (pass) since the train (leave).Mary(lose) her pen. you (see) ithere and there?you (find) your watch yet?-Are you thirsty? -No I just (have)some orange.We already (return) the book.they (build) a new school in the village?I (not finish) my homework . Can you helpme?My father

32、(read) the novel twice.I (buy) a book just now.I (lost ) my watch yesterday.My father (read) this book since yesterday.參考答案：1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8

33、. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seenKeys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buyKeys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習題答

34、案一翻譯下列句子：Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?I have just lost my chemistry book.I have never been to the farm before.He has already had lunch = He has had lunchalready.Have you seen the movie yet?My brother hasn t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn t returned yet.I have had this dictio

35、nary for three years / since three years ago.Has been away from China for three years.I have known them for five years.They have been in the USA for five years.He has been here since he moved to Jining.My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three yea

36、rs.They have known each other since 1999.I have been in this school for over three years.二、用 since或者for填空1. for 2. since3. since 4. since5. since6. since 7. for15.for8 since 9.since 10. sincesince 12.since 13. since 14.for16. since三、 結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀精品文檔態(tài)的短語has been in , five minuteshave be

37、en in , 2008have been at, two dayshave been , last weekhave been out, two yearshave been back , yesterdayhave been , nine yearshas been , two yearshas been closed , two hourshas been openhave been up , two hours agohas been away fromhas been dead , seven yearshas been overhave been asleep , two hours agohave been married , 1990have taught , 1995has been on , two minutes1. have kept , last weekhave had , two hourshave known ,