人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unit1Whatsthematter?一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納1.footfeet腳toothteeth牙齒2.haveacold感冒3.haveastomachache胃疼4.haveasoreback背疼5.haveasorethroat喉嚨疼6.haveafever發(fā)燒7.liedownand(havea)rest躺下休息havearest休息8.hotteawithhoney加蜜的熱茶9.seeadentist看牙醫(yī)seeadoctor看醫(yī)生10.drinklotsofwater多喝水ll.lotsof,alotof許多；大量alotalotof=lotso

2、f,可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中。：alot,是一個(gè)副詞詞組，跟動(dòng)詞連用；表示十分，很等意思；Thanksalot.12.haveatoothache牙疼13.Thatsagoodidea好主意14.gotobed去睡覺gotobedearly早上床睡覺15.feelwell感到好feel川感到不舒服Idontfeelwell=Imnotfeelingwell我感覺不舒服.16.startdoing/todosth開始做某事todo是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情doing是原來(lái)的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。17.twodaysago兩天前18.g

3、etsomerest多休息；休息一會(huì)兒19.Ithinkso我認(rèn)為是這樣22.bestressedout緊張25.traditionalChinesedoctors20.bethirsty口渴21.behungry饑餓23.listentomusic聽音樂24.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)26.needtodosth需要做某事Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.我牙痛,我需要去看牙醫(yī).Weneedtokeepourclassroomclean.27.toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞太多的muchtoo+形/副實(shí)在太極其，非常toomany+

4、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)太多的我們需要保持教室的干凈.128.begoodforsth./doingsth.對(duì).有益，對(duì)有好處bebadforsth./doingsth.對(duì)有害begoodto對(duì)好begoodat=dowellin在方面好，擅長(zhǎng)29.getgoodgrades取得好成績(jī)生某人的氣beangryat/aboutsth30.angry用法beangrywithsb就某事生氣31.Itseasytodosth做某事是容易的。Itsimportanttodosth.做某事很重要。32.balanceddiet平衡飲食33.gettired感到疲倦be/gettired34.stayhealthy保

5、持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth35.Heshouldnteatanything尸Heshouldeatnothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.36.givesbsomeadvice給某人建議giveadvice提出建議advice是不可數(shù)名詞apieceofadvice一則建議takeonesadvice采納或聽從某人的建議Hegavemesomegoodadvice.他向我提了些彳艮好的意見。49.sleep8hoursanight每晚睡眠八小時(shí)getenoughsleep得到充足的睡眠50.takemedicine吃藥服藥Ihavetotakemedicine

6、threetimesadayformycold.因?yàn)楦忻?，我不得不一天吃三次藥。二固定結(jié)構(gòu)Its+形容詞+forsb.+todosth.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說是的。Itsimportanttodosth.做某事很重要。Itsimportantformetoeatabalanceddiet.平衡飲食對(duì)我來(lái)說是很重要的.Itseasytodosth做某事是容易的。Itseasyforustofindouttheanswer.找出答案對(duì)我們來(lái)說是容易的2三.重點(diǎn)句子I.Whatsthematter?Whatsthematerwithyou?你怎么啦？=Whatsthetroublewithyou?=Wha

7、tswrongwithyou?Ihaveacold/haveasoreback/haveastomachache2.Thatstoobad.Youshould/shouldnt那太糟糕了.你應(yīng)該/不該一Youshouldliedownandrest/drinkhotteawithhoney/seeadentist/seeadoctor.Heshouldnteatanything=Heshouldeatnothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.3.Imnotfellingwell.這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替Idontfeelwell=Imnotfeelingwell我感覺不舒服.4.

8、Whendiditstart?Abouttwodaysago.什么時(shí)候開始的？大約兩天前5.Ihopeyoufellbettersoon.我希望你很快好起來(lái)這里better是well的比較級(jí)10.Itseasytohaveahealthylifestyle,anditsimportanttoeatabalanceddiet.有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。一Itseasytodosth.做某事容易/Itsimportanttodosth.做某事重要四.知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變

9、化，意為應(yīng)該”。should（應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該）用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。eg.Youshouldwaitalittlemore.你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。Ihaveaverybadcold.我感冒很厲害。Youshouldliedownandhavearest.你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。32.maybe與maybe1.maybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當(dāng)于perhaps。如：Maybehecananswerthequestion.也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。HemaybeisfromtheUSA,too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。2.maybe中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯為“可能是”。如：Hemaybefromthe

10、USA,too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。ShemaybeourEnglishteacher.她可能是我們的英語(yǔ)老師3.few、afew、little、alittle的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系：1.few/afew用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有；afew表示有肯定意思，幾個(gè)。例如：Hehasfewfriendshere,hefeelslonely.他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。2.little/alittle用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。alittle表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。例如：Therei

11、slittleinkinmybottle,canyougivemealittleink?我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎？4.not-until直到（否定句）才，動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞Shedidntleaveuntilwecame.Hewentshoppingafterhegotup.=Hedidntgoshoppinguntil/beforehegotup.until/till直到-（肯定句）動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Westayedheretill/until12oclock.有Unit2Illhelpcleanthecityparks.4一.知識(shí)點(diǎn)：短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞小結(jié)常見短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾

12、種：1.動(dòng)詞+副詞如：giveup放棄turnoff關(guān)掉stayup熬夜這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，如果其賓語(yǔ)是代詞，就必須放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，也可放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。2.動(dòng)詞+介詞如：listento聽lookat看belongto屬于這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語(yǔ)。3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞如：comeupwith提出，想出runoutof用完，耗盡4.動(dòng)詞+名詞(介詞)如：takepartin參加catchholdof抓住1.cheer(sb.)up使(某人)高興、振作如：cheermeup使我高興cleanup打掃clean-upn.打掃2.homele

13、ssadj.無(wú)家可歸的ahomelessboy一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的男孩3.sickadj.生病的作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)川adj.生病的作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)4.volunteertodov.志愿效勞、主動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)volunteern.志愿者eupwith提出想出=thinkup想出catchupwith趕上追上6.putoffdoing推遲做某事puton穿上(指過程)putup張貼7.writedown寫下記下8.callup打電話makeatelephonecall打電話10.setup成立建立Thenewhospitalwassetupin2000.這座醫(yī)院是在2000年成立的。11.each每個(gè)各自的強(qiáng)調(diào)第一

14、個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)別情況常與of連用every每個(gè)每一個(gè)的一切的則有“全體”的意思不能與of連用12.puttouse把投入使用，利用Theyputthenewmachinetouse.他們把新機(jī)器投入使用13.helpsb.(to)do幫助某人做某事helphim(to)studyhelpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事helphimwithEnglishhelpdo幫助做某事helpstudy14.plantodo計(jì)劃做某事plan+從句5IplantogotoBeijing.=Iplan(that)IwillgotoBeijing.15.spenddoing花費(fèi)做Ispentadayvi

15、sitingBeijing.我計(jì)劃去北京。我花了一天的時(shí)間去參觀北京spendonsth.花費(fèi)在Ispent3yearsonEnglish.16.join參加（指參加團(tuán)體、組織）如：jointheParty入黨takepartin參力口（指參力口活動(dòng)）如：takepartinsportsmeeting參力口運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)17.runout與runoutofrunout（becomeusedup）.其主語(yǔ)往往為物。如時(shí)間，食物，金錢，油等，本身就含有被動(dòng)意義。runoutof主語(yǔ)為人，表示主動(dòng)含義。18.takeafter（在外貌、性格等方面）與（父母等）相像besimilarto與.相像lookaft

16、er照顧19.workoutv.+adj.結(jié)局，結(jié)果為Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.takeafter相像takecareof照顧他提出的這個(gè)策略效果很好。算出，制訂出，消耗完（精力等）Heneverseemstobeworkedout.他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲乏似的。Heworkedoutaplan.他制訂了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。Ihaveworkedoutourtotalexpenses.21.hangout閑蕩閑逛Iliketohangoutatmallwithmyfriends.我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購(gòu)物中心閑蕩。22.be

17、abletodo能會(huì)beunabletodo不能不會(huì)23.thankyoufordoing謝謝做某事如：thankyouforhelpingme謝謝做幫助我24.forsure確實(shí)如此，毫無(wú)疑問Youdonthavemoney.Thatsforsure.你沒有錢，這是毫無(wú)疑問的。25.fillwith使充滿用填充6Shefilledthebowlwithwater.她用水填滿碗。26.handout分發(fā)handoutbananasgiveout分發(fā)giveoutsthtosb.分.給某人giveupdoing放棄giveupsmoking放棄吸煙giveaway贈(zèng)送捐贈(zèng)giveawaysth.

18、to,:giveawaymoneytokidsgivesb.sth.給某人某東西givememoney給我錢givesth.tosb.給某人某東西givemoneytome給我線27.helpsb.out幫助一做事，解決難題（擺脫困境）Icantworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.解決。28.trainn.火車trainv.訓(xùn)I練trainsb.todo.訓(xùn)練某人做某事我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請(qǐng)你幫我Shetrainsherdogtofetchthings.她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。29.atonce=rightaway立亥U馬上如：Illgotherea

19、tonce/rightaway.Doitatonce.馬上去做。我馬上去刃B里。30.oneday有一天（指將來(lái)/過去）someday有一天（指將來(lái)）如：OnedayIwenttoBeijing.有一天我去了北京。SomedayIllgotoBeijing.有一天我將去北京。34.disabledadj.肢體有殘疾的disablev.不能可數(shù)名詞36.volunteer“志愿者”adj.自愿的vi.volunteertodosthTheyaretheChinesePeoplesVolunteers.他們是中國(guó)人民志愿軍。Ivolunteertohelpyou.我自愿幫助你。二.句子1.Weca

20、ntputoffmakingaplan.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃，清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。2.Sheputsthislovetogoodusebyworkingintheafter-schoolcarecentreatherlocalelementaryschool.7她在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰W(xué)的課后輔導(dǎo)中心工作，使這個(gè)愛好得到較好的利用83.NotonlydoIfeelgoodabouthelpingotherpeople,butIgettospendtimedoingwhatIlovetodo.幫助別人不但自己感到快樂，而且我開始花時(shí)間

21、做自己喜歡做的事了。4.Thethreestudentsplantosetupastudentvolunteerprojectatheirschool.這三個(gè)學(xué)生計(jì)劃在他們校開展一個(gè)學(xué)生志愿者項(xiàng)目。5.Healsoputupsomesignaskingforoldbikes.他還貼了一些需求舊自行車的告。6.Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.幾米想出的這個(gè)辦法彳艮效。7.Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.我們需要指定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。8.Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.你可以幫助打掃城市公園。9.Heno

22、whassixteenbikestofixupandgiveawaytochildrenwhodonthavebikes.他現(xiàn)在有16輛要修理的自行車，并準(zhǔn)備把這些修好的自行車贈(zèng)送給那些沒有自行車的孩子。一.重要詞組及短語(yǔ)1.couldyoupleasedosth.?Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你能嗎？/請(qǐng)你干好嗎?2.dothechores做雜務(wù)3.dothedishes洗餐具4.sweepthefloor清掃地板5.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾6.makeonesbed鋪床9.stayoutlate晚歸7.foldonesclothes疊衣服e

23、over過來(lái)8.cleanthelivingroom11.haveatest考試清掃客廳12.getaride搭車13.useonescomputer使用某人的電腦14.hatesth./hatetodosth./hatedoingsth.15.dothelaundry=dosomewashing=washclothes16.makebreakfast/makedinner=dosomecooking討厭某事/做某事洗衣服17.washthecar刷車做飯18.workon從事，忙于workat學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、19.borrowsomemoney借一些錢在上下工夫9borrowsth.froms

24、b.向某人借某物（借入）lendsb.sth尸lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物（借出）Youcanborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother.你可以向你哥哥借些錢。Canyoulendmeyourbike?你能借給我你的自行車嗎？20.invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事Theyinvitedmetojointheirclub.invitesbtoaplace邀請(qǐng)某人去某地21.gotothestore去商店他們邀請(qǐng)我參加俱樂部。inviteyoutomyparty22.agreesb.todosth.同意某人做某事agreewithsb.同意某人的意見不同

25、意某人做某事disagreesb.todosth.disagreewithsb.不同意某人的意見23.takecareof=lookafter照顧、照看、照料takegoodcareof=lookafterwell把照管得好26.takesb.forawalk帶某人去散步27.playwithsb.和某人玩28.forgettodosth.忘記去做某事（未做）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事（做過）（2）關(guān)于to的短語(yǔ)總結(jié)：havetodosth.不得不，必須做某事需要做某事hatetodosth.needtodosth.討厭做某事喜歡做某事liketodosth.wanttodos

26、th.想做某事熱愛做某事lovetodosth.forgettodosth.忘記做某事開始做某事starttodosth.begintodosth.asksbtodosth.請(qǐng)某人做某事開始做某事10二.重點(diǎn)句型1.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?11Yes,sure./Sorry,Icant.Ihavetodomyhomeworkfirst.2.CouldIpleaseusethecar?Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse./No,youcant.Ihavetogoout.Unit4Whydontyoutalktoyourparents?一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1

27、.havefreetime有空閑時(shí)間2.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事3.hangoutwithsb.與某人閑逛4.after-schoolclasses5.getintoafightwithsb.與某人吵架/打架6.untilmidnight課外活動(dòng)課直到半夜7.talktosb.與某人交談9.studytoomuch學(xué)得過多8.toomany太多10.getenoughsleep有足夠的睡眠11.writesb.aletter給某人寫信12.callsb.up打電話給某人13.surprisesb.令某人驚訝15.beangrywithsb.生某人的氣14.lookthro

28、ugh翻看16.abigdeal重要的事17.workout成功地發(fā)展解決18.getonwith和睦相處；關(guān)系良：19.fightalot經(jīng)常吵架/打架20.hangover籠罩21.refusetodosth.拒絕做某事22.offertodosth.主動(dòng)提出做某事23.sothat以便25.allthetime一直27.makesb.angry使某人生氣24.mindsb.doingsth.26.infuture今后28.worryaboutsth.介意某人做某事?lián)哪呈?9.copyoneshomework抄襲某人的作業(yè)30.beoneself做自己petewithsb.家庭成員給某人

29、施壓與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)32.spendtimealone獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)光34.haveafightwithsb.與某人吵架36.freetimeactivities業(yè)余活動(dòng)1237.getbettergrades取得更好的成績(jī)38.giveonesopinion提出某人的觀點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)試技巧40.practicesports39.learnexamskills體育訓(xùn)練41.causestress造成壓力42.cutout刪除一.重要詞匯和句型1.get(1)買getsth.forsb.=getsb.sth.為某人買某物Canyougetsomefruitformewhenyougoshopping?=Cany

30、ougetmesomefruitwhenyougoshopping?(2)得到，到達(dá)WheredidyougetWhendidyougettheletter使，讓get+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)Pleasegetyoucoatclean.thebook?Hegothomelatelastnight.使某人某物怎么樣Getyourmouthclosed.getsb.todosth.使某人某物做某事IgothimtocallJimyesterday.(4)(逐漸)變得Theweathergetswarmeranddaysgetlonger.Whydidtheteachergetangry?2.howaboutw

31、hatabout后跟名詞代詞動(dòng)詞ing形式。(1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求Howaboutgoingoutforawalk?Howaboutsomethingtoeat?(2)向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖娀蚩捶℉owabouttheTVplay?Howaboutbuyingthehousenow?(3)詢問天氣或身體情況HowabouttheweatherinHainanIsland?Howaboutyourparents?Aretheylivingwithyou?(4)談話中承接上下文Imfortyyearsold.Howaboutyou?13ImfromBeijing.Howaboutyou?3.recei

32、ve收至UThegirlwashappytoreceivemanygiftsonherbirthday.receivealetterfrom=getaletterfrom=heardfrom收至U某人的信IreceivedaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IgotaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IheardfrommyparentslastSunday.accept接受Hecouldntacceptoursuggestionsbutourgifts.Shewasverygladtoreceivetheinvitation.Hedid

33、ntreceiveagoodeducationatuniversity.Ireceivedaninvitationtotheparty,butIrefusedtoacceptit.4.a6-year-oldchild一個(gè)六歲的孩子6-year-old是由“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，作前置定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞child.數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式：afive-year-oldgirl一個(gè)五歲的女孩atwo-meter-longruler一把兩米長(zhǎng)的尺子aten-story-highbuilding一棟十層高的樓房atwo-inch-thickdicti

34、onary一本兩英寸厚的詞典5.tooto太而不能too后跟形容詞或副詞原形，to后跟動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成不定式.句子的主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定的主語(yǔ)不一時(shí)，可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前加邏輯主語(yǔ)forsb.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy（軍隊(duì)）.他年紀(jì)太小，不能去參軍。Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworktooto可以與enoughto和sothat轉(zhuǎn)換.out.這道數(shù)學(xué)題對(duì)我來(lái)說太難了,做不出。14與enoughto轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，enough前的形容詞,副詞必須是too后面形容詞,副詞的反義詞，并使用其否定句式.Sheistooyoungtodothework

35、.=sheisntoldenoughtodothework.與sothat轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，that后面的從句要用否定形式.Tomistootiredtowalkanyfarther.=Tomissotiredthathecantwalkanyfarther.6.cost1）動(dòng)詞，花費(fèi)價(jià)值修少錢）Howmuchdiditcost?這花了多少錢？Ididntbuyitbecauseitcosttoomuch.我沒有買，因?yàn)樗F了。Themealcostusabout100yuan.這頓飯花費(fèi)了我大約100塊3.7.pay,spend,cost,take的區(qū)另Upay花費(fèi)（多少錢）,主語(yǔ)是人.Sb.pay

36、somemoneyforsth.Ipaid5000yuanforthecomputerlastweek.我上個(gè)星期花了5000買電腦。Spend花費(fèi)（多少錢或時(shí)間），主語(yǔ)是人.Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.Sb.spendsometime（in）doingsth.Ispent5000yuanonthecomputerlastweek.Shespent2hours（in）doingherhomework.她花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。cost花費(fèi)（多少錢），主語(yǔ)是物.Sth.costsb.somemoney.Thisjacketcosthim200dollars.這件夾克衫花費(fèi)她200美

37、元。take花費(fèi)（時(shí)間）,主語(yǔ)為ItIttakessb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事Howlongdoesittakesb.todosth?花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事？15IttookLiuHong2hourstodoherhomework.劉紅花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)8.sleep,sleeping,sleepy,asleep,fallasleep,beasleepsleep動(dòng)詞，睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作.Iamverytired.Iwanttosleep.我彳艮累,想睡覺。sleeping,Sleep的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“正在睡覺”Dontmakesomuchnoise.Thebabyi

38、ssleeping.不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。sleepy想睡覺的，困倦的.Iamalittlesleepy.Idliketogotobed.我有點(diǎn)困了，我想去床上睡覺了。asleep睡著了的.TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆上課睡覺，放學(xué)后就把他留了下來(lái)。fallasleep強(qiáng)調(diào)從沒有睡著到睡著的過程，不能接一段時(shí)間Icouldntfallasleepuntilitwasverylatelastnight.我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。beasleep表示睡著后的狀態(tài)，“睡著了”，可以接一段時(shí)間.Hew

39、asasleepforthreehours.他睡了3個(gè)小時(shí)。9.choose動(dòng)詞，”選擇，挑選”,過去式chose,過去分詞chosenchoosetodosth.選擇做某事WechooseMikeasourleader(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)).我們選擇邁克作為我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Willyouhelpmechooseadictionary?你會(huì)幫我選一本字典嗎？10.open(1)動(dòng)詞，打開，開業(yè)，開張，展現(xiàn)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？(2)形容詞，beopen開著的，開放的Onweekendstheswimmingpoolisopentothepublic.在周

40、末，這個(gè)游泳池是對(duì)公眾開放的。16close動(dòng)詞，關(guān)閉，關(guān)上，合上closed形容詞，beclosed關(guān)著的，關(guān)閉的11.ratherthan而不是后面跟名詞，代詞，從句Thecolorseemsgreenratherthanblue.這種顏色看上去像綠色而不是藍(lán)色。Wedependonyouratherthanonhim.我們依賴的是你父親而不是他。prefertodosthratherthandosth.寧愿,也不Shepreferredtostayathomeratherthangowithus.她寧愿待在家里也不愿和我們一起去。12.instead(1)位于句首，表示“反而，相反”Id

41、idntgotothecinemalastnight,instead,IwatchedafootballmatchonTV.我昨天晚上沒有去看電影，反而是在家里看了場(chǎng)足球賽。(2)位于句尾，表示“作為代替，而是”Idontlikethisone,pleasegivemethatinstead.我不喜歡這件，給我那件吧。insteadof后跟名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞，介詞短語(yǔ).表示“代替，而不是”Wewalkeddownthestairsinsteadoftakingtheelevator(電梯).我們不是坐電梯下來(lái)，而是走樓梯。13.encourage動(dòng)詞，鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)encouragesb.todo

42、sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事Parentsshouldencouragechildrentodothingsbythemselves.家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該要鼓勵(lì)孩子們自己動(dòng)手做事情，14.progress名詞，“進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展makeprogress取得進(jìn)步，取得進(jìn)展”Tomisnowmakinggreatprogressatschool.15.takeaninterestin(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)某事感興趣湯姆現(xiàn)在在學(xué)校的進(jìn)步彳艮大。否定表達(dá)是takenointerestin(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)某事不感興趣DoyoutakeaninterestinEnglish?你對(duì)英語(yǔ)感興趣嗎？17Most

43、childrentakeaninterestinplayingcomputergames.大多數(shù)孩子對(duì)電腦游戲很感興趣。21.makefriendswithsb.和某人交朋友18Wouldyouliketomakefriendswithus你想和我們交朋友嗎?Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.makesure確信;確認(rèn)3.fallasleep進(jìn)人夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著5.wakeup醒來(lái)7.break.apart使分離9.atthetimeof當(dāng)時(shí)候2.beatagainst.拍打4.diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失6.inamess一團(tuán)糟8

44、.intimesofdifficulty在困難的時(shí)候10.gooff（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲11.takeahotshower13.pickup接電話洗熱水澡12.missthebus錯(cuò)過公交車14.bring.together使靠攏15.inthearea在這個(gè)地區(qū)16.misstheevent錯(cuò)過這個(gè)事件17.bythesideoftheroad在路邊18.theAnimalHelpline動(dòng)物保護(hù)熱線19.walkby走路經(jīng)過20.makeoneswayto.?.在某人去的路上21.hearthenews聽到這個(gè)消息22.,importanteventsinhistory歷史上的重大事件23.,

45、forexample例如25.,over5050多（歲）27.ontheradio通過廣播29.,morerecently最近地;新近24.,bekilled被殺害26.aschoolpupil一個(gè)小學(xué)生28.1,insilence沉默;無(wú)聲30.,theWorldTradeCenter世貿(mào)中心31.,takedown拆除;摧毀32.,havemeaningto對(duì)有意義33.,rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事34.,atfirst首先;最初.重要短語(yǔ)和句型1.arriveat到達(dá)（小地方）arrivein到達(dá)（大地方）reach到達(dá)getto到達(dá)IarrivedinBeijing

46、lastnight.=IreachedBeijinglastnight.19IgottoBeijinglastnight.如果賓語(yǔ)是副詞here,there,home,介詞省略2.infrontof在的前面(某一范圍外的前面)inthefrontof在的前面(某一范圍內(nèi)的前面)3.takeoff(1)起飛Whendidtheplanetakeoffyesterday?(2)脫下(衣帽等)Hetookoffhiscoatassoonashewentintotheroom.外套。飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛？他一進(jìn)房間就脫掉了(3)取消Theywilltakeoffthe5amtrain.他們?nèi)∠嗽缟?點(diǎn)的

47、火車。4.getout(of)從離開出去下來(lái)Acarstoppedandagirlgotoutofit.但從汽車火車船飛機(jī)馬匹上下來(lái)，用getoff.5.follow(1)跟隨Ifollowedhimuphehill.我跟著他上了山.(2)沿著前進(jìn)Followthisroaduntilyougettothepostoffice.順著這條路一直到郵局.(3)聽懂，理解Couldyouspeakmoreslowly?Icantfollowyou.你能說慢點(diǎn)嗎？我聽不懂。(4)followsb.todosth.跟著某人做某事Pleasefollowmetoreadthestory.請(qǐng)跟我讀這個(gè)故事。

48、6.amazing形容詞修飾名詞令人驚奇的，令人驚訝的Whatanamazingbook!書本。amaze動(dòng)詞使某人，原訝Yourletteramazedme.你嚇至U我了。beamazedat對(duì)感至U驚訝Everyonewasamazedatthebadnews.息都感到驚訝。7.shoutat大聲喊叫多指因生氣而非善意的大聲叫喊真是令人驚訝的每個(gè)人對(duì)這個(gè)壞消Dontshoutatthelittleboy.Heistooyoung.不要對(duì)他大叫,他還太小。shoutto大聲喊叫多指因距離遠(yuǎn)而不得不大聲叫喊Weshouldshouttohim,orhecanthearus.我們應(yīng)該朝他叫喊，否

49、則他聽不到我們的聲音。208.happen發(fā)生具體事件偶然的沒有預(yù)見的發(fā)生(1)happentodosth.碰巧做某事Ihappenedtomeetoneofmyoldfriendsintheparkyesterday.老朋友。(2)sthhappenstosb.某人發(fā)生了某事昨天我在公園碰巧遇見我的個(gè)Ancaraccidenthappenedtohimlastmonth.takeplace發(fā)生(1)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生上個(gè)月他發(fā)生了交通事故.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainrecentyears.(2)(運(yùn)動(dòng)活動(dòng)會(huì)議等)舉行最近幾年中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化

50、.ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextFriday.taketheplaceof代替，取代運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于下星期五舉行。Plasticscansometimestaketheplaceofwoodandmetal.takeonesplace坐某人的位置，代替某人的職務(wù).塑料有時(shí)能代替木材和金屬.Cometotakemyplace.myseatisnearthewindow.來(lái)做我的位置，我的座位靠近窗戶。9.anywhere任何地方Didyougoanywherelastnight?常用于否定句或疑問句中.你昨天還去了別的地方了嗎？somewhere某個(gè)地方用于肯定句Someand

51、seeme.Thenwellgooutsomewhere.everywhere處處，至U處=hereandthereIcantfindmypenthoughIlookedforiteverywhere.來(lái)我家找我，然后我們出去逛逛。盡管我到處都找過了,還是找不到我的鋼筆。10.silence名詞，寂靜無(wú)聲Theresnothingbutsilenceintheroom.屋內(nèi)寂靜無(wú)聲.Keepinsilence.保持沉默.21silent形容詞，沉默的，寂靜的Theoldhousewasquitesilent.這所老房子寂靜無(wú)聲.Thecatmovedonsilentfeet.那只貓無(wú)聲地走動(dòng)著

52、.11.hear聽至UCanyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?(1)hearof聽說，后接表示人或物的詞Ihaveneverheardofhimbefore.我以前從來(lái)沒有聽說過他.(2)hearabout聽說，后接表示事件的名詞Ivejustheardabouthis川ness.我剛剛聽說他生病的事.你聽至U有人敲門了嗎？Haveyouheardabouttheaccident?你聽說了那場(chǎng)事故嗎？(3)hearfrom收到某人的來(lái)信IheardfrommydaughterinNewYorkyesterday.我昨天收到在紐約的女兒的來(lái)信.12.主語(yǔ)+be+on

53、eofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+inof短語(yǔ).是中最的之ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.這是美國(guó)歷史上最重要的事件之一.XiamenisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.廈門是中國(guó)最漂亮的城市之一。13.experience(1)名詞經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不可數(shù)名詞；經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)，可數(shù)名詞Haveyouhadanyexperienceoffishing?你有釣魚的經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎？CouldyoutellusaboutyourexperiencesinAfrica?(2)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)歷,感覺Thechi

54、ldrenexperiencedmanydifficultiesthistime.你能給我們談?wù)勀阍诜侵薜慕?jīng)歷嗎這次孩子們經(jīng)歷了許多困難.？experienced形容詞有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的beexperiencedinatdoingsth.=havemuchexperienceinatdoingsth.做某事很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).Sheisanexperiencedteacher.他是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師.22Heisveryexperiencedinatrepairingcars.他修車很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).14.asas和一樣.兩個(gè)as之間用形容詞或副詞的原形.Heworksascarefullyasshe.他和她一樣工作認(rèn)真

55、.Sheisastallashermother.她和母親一樣高.notasas-.不如某人一Heisntassooldashelooks.他不像看起來(lái)那么老.Shedoesntrunassofastasherbrother.她不如她哥哥跑得那么快.15.havefun=haveagoodgreatwonderfultime=enjoyoneself玩得開心，過得愉快Didyouhavefunattheparty?昨天在派對(duì)上玩的開心嗎？=Didyouhaveagoodgreatwonderfultime?=Didyouenjoyyourself?havefundoingsth.開心做某事Imj

56、usthavingfunplayingtheguitar.我正開心的彈吉他呢。16.accident事故，意外遭遇Hewaskilledinanaccident.他死于一起意外事故.trafficaccident交通事故Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentseveryyear.每年有很多人死于交通事故。byaccident偶然,意外地Wemetattheairportbyaccident.我們偶然在機(jī)場(chǎng)遇見。17.scared恐懼的，害怕的afraid恐懼的，害怕的Imveryscaredafraid.我很害怕.bescaredafraidofsth害怕某物Areyou

57、scaredafraidofsnakes?你害怕蛇嗎？bescaredafraidtodosth害怕做某事23Heisscaredafraidtogooutatnight.bescaredafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事Heisscaredafraidofgoingoutatnight.18.thinkabout考慮(某個(gè)計(jì)劃)TheyarethinkingaboutmovingtoBeijing.thinkof認(rèn)為Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?=howdoyoulikethemoviethinkover仔細(xì)思考Weneedafewdaystothinkovert

58、hismatter.二.感嘆句.1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句他害怕晚上出去他們考慮搬去北京。你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣？我們需要幾天時(shí)間來(lái)考慮這個(gè)事情(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)Whatabeautifulgirl(sheis)!Whatacleverboy(heis)!Whatinterestingpictures(theyare)!Whattallbuildings(theyare)!Whatdeliciousfood(itis)!Whatbadweather(itis)!多么美的姑娘呀！多么聰明的男孩呀！多么美的圖片呀！多么高的樓呀！多么可口的食物呀！規(guī)律：what+(aan)+形容詞+名

59、詞2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句(7)Howheavytheboxis!Howfastheruns!(8)Howcarefulthegirlis!Howwellsheplaysthepiano!多么壞的天氣呀！(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))+!24如果說明的是人或物，兩種感嘆句可替換.(以上(1)到(8)句)三過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：(1)過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Whatwereyoudoingat8:30thismorning?今天早上8點(diǎn)半你正在做什么？WhenIcalledhim,hewashavingdinner.當(dāng)我打電話給他時(shí)，他正在吃飯。(2)過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Whatwere

60、youdoingfromseventonineyesterday?你昨天7點(diǎn)至U9點(diǎn)在做什么?Iwasreadingthewholemorningyesterday.我昨天一整個(gè)早上都在看書。whenwhile引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的使用：whenwhile當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候While引導(dǎo)的從句中，動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句用動(dòng)詞過去式when引導(dǎo)的從句中，動(dòng)詞用過去式，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)MarywashavingdinnerwhenIsawher.Whilewewereswimming,someonestoleourclothes.Theweatherwasfinewhile