OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議配置指南

1、OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議配置指南技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，變革未來掌握OSPF協(xié)議的配置在協(xié)議的學(xué)習(xí)過程中是非常重要的，可以鞏固對(duì)于所學(xué)知識(shí)的了解程度。本章介紹了OSPF協(xié)議的配置步驟，以及OSPF的維護(hù)調(diào)試命令，闡述了在不同類型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中對(duì)于OSPF協(xié)議參數(shù)的修改方法，并且對(duì)于默認(rèn)路由的配置方法也進(jìn)行了講解。引入掌握OSPF單區(qū)域的配置掌握OSPF多區(qū)域的配置掌握OSPF相關(guān)參數(shù)的配置掌握OSPF引入缺省路由的配置了解OSPF顯示和調(diào)試命令課程目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)完本課程，您應(yīng)該能夠：OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF顯示與調(diào)試優(yōu)化OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)目錄配置OSPF基本功能啟動(dòng)OSPF進(jìn)程Routerospf proce

2、ss-id 配置OSPF區(qū)域Router-ospf-1area area-id 配置區(qū)域所包含的網(wǎng)段并在指定網(wǎng)段的接口上使能OSPFRouter-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network network-address wildcard-mask Router ID的配置配置設(shè)備的Router IDRouterrouter id router-id這種配置方法，所有協(xié)議的Router ID都被指定。配置OSPF協(xié)議的Router IDRouterospf process-id router-id router-id這種配置方法，只配置OSPF協(xié)議使用的Router ID。OSPF基

3、本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF顯示與調(diào)試優(yōu)化OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)目錄OSPF單區(qū)域配置示例RTARTB10.0.0.1/2410.0.0.2/24Area0RTA ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTB ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255OSPF多區(qū)域配置示例RTA RTB 10.0.0.2/2410

4、.0.0.1/2420.0.0.1/24Area020.0.0.2/24RTC Area1RTB ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 quitRTB-ospf-1 area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1 network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTA ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.

5、0.0 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255RTC ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3RTC-ospf-1 area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1 network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF顯示與調(diào)試優(yōu)化OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)目錄顯示OSPF鄰居信息鄰居路由器的Router ID1.1.1.1是10.0.0.0/24網(wǎng)段的BDR3.3.3.3是20.0.0.0/24網(wǎng)段的DR該臺(tái)路由器的Router ID選舉DR/BDR采用的優(yōu)先級(jí)Routerdisplay ospf peer OSPF Proc

6、ess 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time Interface State 1.1.1.1 10.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/BDR Area: 0.0.0.1 3.3.3.3 20.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/DR 顯示OSPF接口信息鏈路的OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型該臺(tái)OSPF路由器在當(dāng)前鏈路上的狀態(tài)是BDRRouterdisplay ospf interface OSPF Process 100 with

7、 Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 10.0.0.2 PTP P-2-P 1562 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Area: 0.0.0.1 IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 20.0.0.2 Broadcast BDR 1 1 20.0.0.1 20.0.0.2 P2P鏈路上沒有DR和BDR顯示OSPF路由信息 OSPF區(qū)域路由發(fā)布者Routerdisplay ospf routing

8、OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Routing Tables Routing for Network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 20.0.0.0/24 1 Transit 20.0.0.2 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.1 10.0.0.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.0.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1/32 1 Stub 10.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 顯示IP路由表中的OSPF路由 OSPF協(xié)議優(yōu)先級(jí)為10OSPF路由Routerdi

9、splay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 8 Routes : 8 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 10.0.0.1 GE0/0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 20.0.0.1 GE0/1 10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.2 GE0/0 10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 10.0

10、.0.1 GE0/0 20.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 20.0.0.2 GE0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0其它OSPF信息顯示顯示OSPF摘要信息display ospf brief顯示OSPF統(tǒng)計(jì)信息display ospf cumulative顯示OSPF的錯(cuò)誤信息display ospf error顯示OSPF的LSDB信息display ospf lsdbRouterdisplay ospf briefRouterdisplay o

11、spf cumulativeRouterdisplay ospf errorRouterdisplay ospf lsdb debugging ospf event OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv HelloReceived State Down - Init. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv 2WayReceived State Init - 2Way. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv AdjOk? State 2Way - ExStart. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv NegotiationDone

12、 State ExStart - Exchange. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv ExchangeDone State Exchange - Loading. OSPF 100: Nbr 10.0.0.2 Rcv LoadingDone State Loading - Full. OSPF事件調(diào)試命令RTA10.0.0.1/2410.0.0.2/24Area0RTBGE 0/0GE 0/0其它OSPF調(diào)試命令OSPF鏈路狀態(tài)通告調(diào)試信息debugging ospf lsaOSPF報(bào)文調(diào)試信息debugging ospf packetOSPF路由計(jì)算調(diào)試信息debugg

13、ing ospf spfOSPF進(jìn)程調(diào)試信息debugging ospf lsadebugging ospf packetdebugging ospf spfdebugging ospf INTEGER OSPF基本功能配置OSPF基本配置示例OSPF顯示與調(diào)試優(yōu)化OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)目錄OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型及選舉優(yōu)先級(jí)配置配置OSPF接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf network-type broadcast | nbma | p2mp | p2p 配置NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)的鄰居Router-ospf-1 peer ip-address dr-priority dr-

14、priority 配置OSPF接口的路由器優(yōu)先級(jí)Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf dr-priority priorityNBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型配置示例幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTARTBRTCDLCI=20DLCI=30DLCI=40RTA-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.2RTA-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.3 RTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTB-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.1RTB-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.3RTB-ospf-1 ar

15、ea 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTC-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.1RTC-ospf-1 peer 10.0.1.2RTC-ospf-1 area 0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 10.0.1.1/2410.0.1.2/2410.0.1.3/24P2MP網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型配置示例幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTA10.0.1.1/24RTBRTC10.0.1.2/2410.0.1.3/24DLCI=50DLCI=20DLCI=30DLCI=40RTA-Seria

16、l5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.3 20 broadcast RTA-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.2 50 broadcast RTA-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTA-ospf-1 area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTB-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.1 30 broadcast RTB-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTB-ospf-1 area 0RTB-ospf-1-are

17、a-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 RTC-Serial5/0 fr map ip 10.0.1.1 40 broadcast RTC-Serial5/0 ospf network-type p2mpRTC-ospf-1 area 0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0 network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 配置OSPF接口開銷配置OSPF接口的開銷值Router-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf cost value缺省情況下，接口按照當(dāng)前的波特率自動(dòng)計(jì)算開銷。配置OSPF接口的參考帶寬Router-ospf-1

18、bandwidth-reference value缺省情況下，帶寬參考值為100Mbps，因此百兆和千兆以太網(wǎng)的接口開銷都被計(jì)算為1。OSPF接口開銷配置示例RTC display ip routing-tableDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 101RTA RTB G0/0G0/0G0/0Area0G0/1RTC Area1RTC interface GigabitEthernet0/0RTC-GigabitEthernet0/0 ospf cost 1001.1.1.1/32配置OSPF報(bào)文定時(shí)器配置OSPF的Hello定

19、時(shí)器Router- ospf-1 ospf timer hello seconds配置OSPF的鄰居失效時(shí)間Router-ospf-1 ospf timer dead secondsRTBdisplay ospf peer OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbor Brief Information Area: 0.0.0.0 Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time Interface State 1.1.1.1 10.0.0.1 1 35 GE0/0 Full/BDR 鄰居失效定時(shí)器報(bào)文定時(shí)器默認(rèn)值網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型Hello定時(shí)器（S）鄰居失效時(shí)間（S）Broadcast1040P2P1040NBMA30120P2MP30120配置OSPF引入缺省路由default-route