高中英語語法形容詞與副詞

1、關(guān)于高中英語語法形容詞和副詞第一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、形容詞的語法功能1.作定語 前置定語： a beautiful picture an honest boy 多個形容詞作前置定語時的排列順序：限定詞+數(shù)量形容詞+描繪性形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體形容詞+新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+用途+被修飾的名詞the pretty little oldest Chinese stone bridgeten strong black plastic bags第二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 后置定語：少數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞（absent, alike, alive, a

2、vailable） 及其他形容詞(concerned, present) 作定語時后置。He made full use of English reference books available and learned a lot.People concerned will attend the meeting.由and, or, bothand連接的并列形容詞成對使用時。Everyone, old or young, will take part in the activities.第三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月形容詞一般放在被修飾的名詞前面作定語，但考生特別要注意形容詞放在

3、被修飾詞后面的情況：(1)這些形容詞，如：alive，afraid，awake，alone，asleep，worth等作定語時，常放于被修飾詞的后面。The baby still asleep might be awake very soon.仍在睡著的那嬰兒可能很快會醒。第四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(2)形容詞在修飾somebody，something，anybody，anything，nobody，nothing等不定代詞時，需要后置。Is there anything wrong，Bob？You look sad.鮑勃，有什么不對嗎？你看上去悶悶不樂的。Oh，nothi

4、ng much. In fact，I was just thinking of my friends.噢，沒什么，其實我只是在想念我的朋友。第五張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(3)形容詞后面有介詞短語時，必須放在名詞后面。He is a student worthy of praise.他是個值得表揚的學生。(4)形容詞后面有動詞不定式時，必須放在名詞后面。Isnt it a problem difficult to solve?這難道不是一個很難解決的問題嗎？第六張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 作表語We are hungry.He looks unhappy.注

5、意：有的形容詞一般只能作表語。如表示健康狀況的：well, unwell, ill, faint以a開頭的：afraid, alone, asleep, ashamed 3. 作賓語補足語I think the book interesting.He found the work difficult.第七張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. 作狀語形容詞作狀語，表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表達動作的方式。(2008北京高考)After a long journey，the three of them got back home，hungry and tired.經(jīng)過長時間旅行后，他們?nèi)嘶氐?/p>

6、了家，又餓又累。He lay in bed，wide awake. He went to bed, cold and hungry. Funny, he pretends to know what he doesnt know.第八張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月副詞的種類1) 時間副詞：now，then，today，later，recently 等;2) 地點副詞：here，there，everywhere，away，off 等;3) 方式副詞：well，hard, happily, nervously, carefully 等;4) 程度副詞：almost，much，(a) li

7、ttle，nearly，rather，too 等;5) 頻度副詞：always，often，usually，occasionally，sometimes, hardly，seldom，never 等;第九張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6) 疑問副詞：when，where，why，how 等，引導特殊疑問句;7) 連接副詞：where，when，why，how 等，引導主語從句、賓語從句或表語從句;8) 關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why 等，引導定語從句;9) 其他副詞：seriously，instead，besides 等。第十張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、副

8、詞的語法功能1.作定語Almost everyone has a car in America.The building there looks grand.2. 作表語Time is up.I thought I was over.3. 作賓語補足語I am very happy to see you back.Keep the light on if you feel afraid.第十一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. 作狀語Its raining heavily.Its a rather interesting job.This is just what I said.E

9、ventually he arrived in Beijing.第十二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：1. 有些副詞有兩種形式，一種與形容詞同形，一種以ly結(jié)尾，但它們的含義不同。 The station is quite near. He lives near. Its nearly 10 oclock. The cake is hard. We all work hard. I can hardly understand you.第十三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 具有兩種形式的副詞 high wide deep close highly widely d

10、eeply closely第十四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 副詞的位置副詞修飾形容詞或其他副詞時，一般位于被修飾詞的前面，但enough要放在被修飾詞的后面。Although she did not know Boston well，she made her way easily enough to the post office.雖然她對波士頓不熟，但她仍然很輕松地到了郵局。第十五張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 can not/never 與enough或too連用，表示“無論怎樣都不 過分；越越好”。I was riding alone in the stree

11、t and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked me down.我在街上正獨自騎行，突然一輛轎車插進來把我撞倒了。You can never be too careful in the street.在大街上你再小心也不為過。第十六張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級（一） 原級as+形容詞/ 副詞原級+asTom is as tall as Jack.He speaks English as fluently as you.My computer is not so/ as expensive as yours.注

12、意：1. almost, exactly, just, quite, nearly, half 等詞可用來加強asas結(jié)構(gòu)的語氣。This book is just as interesting as that one.第十七張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 幾種變化形式：as much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + asThere is as much water in this bottle as in that one.as many +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) + asBob has read as many books as Mary.as + 形容詞 + 不定冠詞 + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) + a

13、sGerman is as difficult a language as Chinese.as + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞 + asBread is as important food as rice.第十八張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 “as形容詞(a/an)名詞as”表示同級比較，注意中間的形容詞和名詞并列時各自所在的位置。It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.一般認為教學如同科學一樣是一門藝術(shù)。第十九張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（二）比較級 形容

14、詞/ 副詞比較級+thanJohn works harder than Mary.This picture is more beautiful than that one.This book is better than that one. 第二十張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意 ：1.形容詞、副詞比較級的規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化。 2. much, still, even, far, by far, a lot, a bit, a great deal 等詞可置于比較級前,加強語氣。Could you drive a bit more slowly? 3.以or結(jié)尾的含有比較意義的形容

15、詞后接to不接than。如superior, inferior, senior, junior 等。He is 4 years senior to me.第二十一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 4. 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu) （1）the +比較級， the +比較級 “越，越”The higher he climbs, the farther he will see. (climb，see)The more you use English, the more you will want to learn it. (use，want) （2）比較級 +and +比較級 “越來越” Our co

16、untry is becoming stronger and stronger. My school is becoming more and more beautiful.第二十二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（3）主語 + 比較級 + than any (other) China is larger than any country in Africa. China is larger than any other country in Asia.（4）倍數(shù)的表達倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞/ 副詞原級 + asThis room is three times as large

17、as that one.倍數(shù) + 形容詞/副詞比較級+ thanThis room is twice larger than that one.倍數(shù) + the size/ length/ weight/ height/ width /+ofThis room is three times the size of that one.第二十三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（三）最高級the +形容詞/副詞最高級 +比較范圍He is the tallest boy in our class.This is the most beautiful city Ive ever visite

18、d.第二十四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：1. 形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞，副詞最高級前可不加冠詞。She works hardest in our class.2. 形容詞最高級前有時加不定冠詞，或不加冠詞，不表示比較，表示“非?！?。He is a most clever policeman.This film is most interesting.第二十五張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 最高級可被序數(shù)詞以及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite等詞語修飾。He is by far the mo