七年級英語語法之代、名、冠詞復習及綜合回顧練習

1、英語學科初二講義學習課題七年級語法之代、名、冠詞復習及綜合回顧練習學習目標掌握七年級基礎語法框架學習重點與難點單項選擇與綜合填空必考點本節(jié)知識代詞（-）代詞分類：人稱代詞：主格和賓格物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞人稱第一人稱單數第二人稱單數5矜三人稱單數第人稱復數第二人稱復數第三人稱復 數主格youheSheitWeyouthey賓格形容詞物主代詞rmyyourh i sheritsouryourthe i r名詞性物 主代詞注意一用法：人稱代詞主格：作主語，常放在句首；人稱代詞賓格：作賓語，放在動詞和介詞后；形容詞性物主代詞：后有名詞時，用形容詞性；（有名則形）名詞性物主代詞：后

2、無名詞時，用名詞性。（無名則名）練習：That i s not kite. That kite i s Very sma I I, but i s Very big. ( I )The dress i s. Gi Ve it to . ( She )IS th i swatch? (you) No, itS not. ( I ) i s my brother.n ame i s Jack. Look! Those StamPS are . ( he )dresses are red. (We) What co I or are? ( you )跟蹤練習一用所給詞的適當形式填空。That is

3、not kite. That kite is Very smaI I, but is Very big. ( I )The dress is. GiVe it to. ( She )IS this watch? (you) No, it 1 not. ( I )4.i s my brother.n ame is Jack. Look! Those StamPS aredresses are red. (We) What colour are? ( you )Here are many dolls, WhiCh One is? ( She )I Canfind my toy, but Where

4、 _s? ( you )Showyour k i te, OK? (they)I have a beaut ifuI cat. n ame i s Mimi. TheSe CakeS are . ( it )Are these t i ckets? No, are not. aren 1 here. ( they )名詞、名詞的分類名詞專有名詞Mary瑪麗Volvo沃爾沃Ch i nese漢語Ju I y七月AS i a亞洲普通名詞可數名詞個體名詞desk課桌house房子teacher教師mother媽媽school學校集體名詞people人們class同學們fami ly家庭pol ice

5、警方不可數名詞物質名詞Water 水 COffee 咖啡 meat 肉 wool 羊毛抽象名詞health 健康 beauty 美麗 Patience 耐心 youth 青春二、名詞的數1、可數名詞單數變復數的規(guī)則1)規(guī)則變化形式舉例一般在名詞后egg eggs kitekites dog dogs pea PeaS 豌豆以s, X, sh, Ch等結尾的詞后加c I ass Cl aSSeS 班級 WatCh WatCheS 手表 box boxes 箱子【特殊】部分以0結尾的單詞，有生 命的在詞尾加-其他無生命的加hero一 heroes 英雄tomato tomatoes 西紅柿 pot

6、atopotatoes 十 F【口訣】英雄吃西紅柿拌土豆有意思(es) o注：意思”同-es諧音！舉例以-f或-fe結尾的名詞，一般把-3 Te變?yōu)椤究谠E】妻子(Wife)拿刀(knife)去砍狼(wolf),小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌，躲在架下(Shelf)保己(Oneself)命，半片 樹葉(leaf)遮目光。輔音字母+y ”結尾時，變baby一 babies 嬰兒 City 一 CitieS 城市 factory factor ies 工)元音字母+y”結尾時，直接加-boy - boys 男孩2)不規(guī)則變化例詞把a變成eman men 男子 woman women 女日女 gent

7、I eman gent I emen 先生oo變成eefoot feet 腳 toothteeth 牙齒 goose geese 鵝特殊變化出E3mousemice芝限在詞尾力口 -ren或-enchild Ch i I dren 兒童 oxoxen 牛單復數形式相同sheepSheeP 乞帛羊 deer deer 鹿 fish fish 魚巧記國名變化【口訣】中日不變，英法變，其余后面-S添。Chinese Chinese 中國人 JaPanese JaPanese 日 本人Engl i ShmanT Engl ishmen 英國人 Frenchman T FrenChme 1 法國人 Ge

8、rman Germans 德國人復合名詞，一般只變后 面的，但是有man/woman的兩個A f1ower shop A man doctor都要變3）提醒有一些名詞經?；蛑挥糜趶蛿敌问健Ｈ纾簍rousers 褲子；PantS 褲子；jeans 牛仔褲；ShOrtS 短褲；stockings 長襪；socks 短襪；shoes 鞋子；glasses 眼鏡；clothes 衣服；people 人們，police警察們2、不可數名詞不可數名詞就是無法或不能用數目來計算的名詞。不可數名詞主要分物質名詞和抽象名詞兩類。意義舉例物質名詞指無法分為個體的詞gold 金子，wood 木頭，SnoW 雪，ra

9、in 雨，Water 水， COffee 咖啡，tea 茶，meat 肉，milk 牛奶，rice 米飯, bread面包，Orange橘汁【口訣巧記不可數名詞】金、木、水、火、,米、面、茶、肉、布。動作、狀態(tài) 與品質，還有情感名詞不可數。抽象名詞指表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質、感情等 抽象概念的詞work 工作,StUdy 學習，loVe 愛，fr iendship 友誼不可數名詞沒有復數形式，說明其數量時，要用有關計量名詞。其復數形式體現在量詞上。例如：a bag Of ricetwo bags Of rice, a PieCeOf PaPer three PieCeS Of PaPer3、既可作

10、可數名詞，又可作不可數名詞，但意義不同的詞單詞可數不可數glass玻璃杯玻璃PaPer報紙、試卷紙I ight電燈光ChiCke n小雞雞肉f i sh魚魚肉Orange橘子橘子汁work著作、作品工作in terest愛好興趣I i fe性命人生room房間空間4、名詞的修飾詞只能修飾可數名詞只能修飾不可數名詞可數不可數都能修飾many, few, a few, a nu mber ofmuch,a little, I ittIea lot of=lots of, plenty of, some, any四、名詞的所有格1、-,所有格名詞情況構成方法舉例有生命的單數名詞單數名詞后加S”Mar

11、y S father 克的父親有生命的復數名詞以復數詞綴-S結尾的復數名詞，其 后只加the teachers Off iCe教師辦公室不以復數詞綴-S結尾的復數名詞，其后要加S”Chi Idren S books 兒童讀物表示幾個人共同擁有只在最后一個名詞后加“ SMary and Kate S room瑪麗和I凱特的房間 （共有）表小母人各自擁有在每個名詞后都加S”Jane S and Tom S textbooks 簡和湯姆的 課本（不共有）時間和距離的所有歌:用S，或連字符號-表示3 hours waIk = 3-hour waIk2、Of所有格 名詞情況一般說來，無生命的名詞用Of所

12、有格。a photograph of our v i I I age我們村莊的一張照片3、雙重所有格所謂雙重所有格就是指將-所有格與Of所有格結合起來一起使用。如：a frie nd of my father我父親的一位朋友a photo of Mr. Smith 史密斯先生的一張照片冠詞（a, an, the, /）I.不定冠詞a、an的用法1、泛指某一類人或事物中的一個或一類。女口： An elepha nt i s much heavier tha n a horse.H i S father i s a tax i dr i ver.2、用于序數詞前，表示 又一，再一 ”。I have

13、 read the books twice, but I Want to read a thi rd time.3、a / an的區(qū)別a用在輔音音素開頭的單數可數名詞或字母前，an用在元音音素開頭的單數可數名詞或字母刖。華寺殊詞：a usuaI boy ; a USefUl book ; a UniVerSity ; a One Heg dogan honest boy ; an hour ; an honor , anh,l,m,n,r,S,X 例如：Jim is hon est boy and he is Uni VerSity StUde nt .E ng I i sh i s USef

14、Ul I an guage.He i s Un happy boy.My father wi I I come back in hour .There i sU and I n the wordUSeI I .定冠詞the的用法.第二次提到ThiS i s an appIe. The appIe i s mine. 特指The boy i n red i s my brother.用在獨一無二的名詞前the SUn 太陽 / the moon 月光/ the earth 地球.用在最高級前the youn gest / the most beaut i fuI.用在序數詞前the f i rs

15、t / the SeC Ond / the th i rd / the fourth.用在西方樂器前play the Pia no / the guitar. The +姓的復數表示一家人The SmithS / the Greens斯密斯一家 / 格林一家.由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前the Great WaI Ithe Un i ted StateSIII.零冠詞的用法零冠詞（不用冠詞）1、在專有名詞（國名，城市名，人名，路名）前不用冠詞。Beiji ng i s a beaut ifuI city.2、表泛指的不可數名詞或名詞復數前不用冠詞。Snow i s wh i te and bea

16、ut i fuI3、在球類運動，棋類和學科名詞前不用冠詞。Mr zhang Ii kes playing footbaI I and chess.4、在季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)日和三餐飯前不用冠詞。Today is ChiIdrens Day .All the students have Iunch at school.但中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前一般加U the ”The Mid-Autumn Day 中秋節(jié) The Spr ing Fest i va I 春節(jié)5、在稱呼語或表示頭銜的職位名詞前不用冠詞。Mr Wang i s from AustraIi a6、名詞前有U this , that,thos

17、e , these ,my,your , some 等詞修飾時不用冠詞 This is my Chinese book .7、固定搭配at fi rst首先最后at noon在中午at home在家on foot步行i n bed躺在床上in hospital住院go to school上學課堂練習1.How wasd i nnerMikehouse.2.It wasgreat. Mikes mom isgood cook.A. a; the B. the; a C. the;theD. a; anHov/ many hours do you spendyour homework at hom

18、e every day?A. do B. to doC. doing D. didThe number of cand I es the person s age.A. areB. i s C. has D. have Do you knowboy with bIonde hai r? Yes. He i s Amer i can boy. He i s Benny.A. the, theB. the, an C. the, aD. a, anDid you see sheep in the zoo? No, I didn 11. But I sawtigers.A. some, any B.

19、 anyt some C. some, some D. any, anyIt 1 s very important for usEng I i sh well.A. learnB. learns C. learned D. to learn CouId you just teI I himSure, no prob I ems.CaI I back meto CaI I back meC. ca I I me backD. to ca I I me backPlay baseba I I i n the garden (花園).YoUr grandfather WantS to re I ax

20、 there.A. Can1B. NotC. NoD. DonTUrn r i ght the SeCOnd cross i ng and the hote I isyour I eft.A. o nt onB. o n, atC. at, OnD. at, at二、詞性轉換1. They think these foods Can br ing bad(lucky) to people. We ta I ked With some of the (v i I I age) i n the CoUn trys i de. I bought many(love) gifts for my fr

21、ien ds. 5. e is(interest) in Wr iting.All of US got Very happy When We heard the (excite) news.My aunt i s Very beaut i fuI. She Iooks Ii ke an(act) i n the mov i e. The mountain is so high. Do you know its(h i gh) ?Yes. It S 8844. 8 meters. Does your gran dfather Wear(glass)? Yes, he does.I I i ke

22、to See an ima I s I i v i ng i n a(n ature) park.NeW York i s an(Amer i Ca) c i ty.三、選詞填空根據短文內容，選出適當的單詞填空，使語意通順完整。每個選項只用一次，有兩項剩余。A. aboutB. t i redC. herD. shopp i ngE. difficultF. SWamG anH. WeekendI. SoJ. BUtK. eas i I yL. SangLaSt n i ght, I met my fr i ends ViCtOrand Annie. We taIked about thei

23、r Iast Weeke nd. For ViCtor,the (71)WaSn t bad. On Saturday,he finished h i s homework(72). Be CallSe thehome wo r k i s Ve r ye asy. On SUn d ay,h e Wa tc he d (7 3)in terest ing taIk show. ItWaS great! ” e sa i d. (74)Ann i e 1 Weekend WaSn1 Very good. She WaS rea I I y (75)because She had a busy

24、Weekend. She Went (76) On Saturday morn i ng and read a book (77)music On Saturday after noon. She ViSited (78) gra ndmother On Saturday evening. OnSUnday, She (79)a new song for the school music fest i vaI. It WaS a Iiit Ie (80), So Sheasked her mother to he Ip her.四閱讀理解I m Tom. My best fr i ends a

25、re Johnand Ann. We do many th i ngs together. John I i ves near myhouse and We are i n the Same cI ass. He S fifteen years old. He StaII andth i n With blond ha i r. Hepol ite （有禮貌的）and Very clever. He ,svery good at math. He SOmet i meS he I ps me With my homework.Heusua II y WearS jeans and a T-sh

26、 i rt.We often p I ay basketba I I i n a nearby （附近的）Park together.OUr fr iend Ann i sn t in OUr school. She S short With Straight brown hai r. She S a I ittIeba I I have kung fu I ess On every TUeSday after noon. Ann i s reaI Iy good at kung fu. We caI I her the“kung fu kid . She SOmet i meS pI ays

27、 basketbaI I With us, too. She Often WearS a dress GSa i T. The three of US have great fun together.根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。36. How old is Joh n?37.A. 13B. 14C. 15D. 16Where do they oftepI ay basketbaI I together?A. In the i r schooIB. I n a nearby ParkC. At JohnS home D. At AnnS homeWhat does Ann look Iike?A

28、. She S ta I I and thin With blond hai r. B. SheS polite and Very clever.C. She i s reaI Iy good at kung fu.D. She S short With Stra ight broWma i r.When do the ChiIdre n have kung fu less on?A. EVery TUeSday after noon.C. EVery ThllrSday after noon.40. Who is the “ kung fu kid ?A. TomB. Joh nD.B.EV

29、eryC.EVery Wedn esday afterSaturday after noon.AnnD.noon.Joh n and Ann課后作業(yè).整理本次課講的各個語法點.閱讀表達HOUSE FoR SALE : ComfortabIe （舒適的）fami ly home With a Iarge garden On the north Side of tow n. Three bedrooms, a Iivi ng room, a kitche n, a bathroom. Pay Y 280.000 for it.The Brow ns are look ing for a new house. Mr Brow n WantS to Iive on the north Side of the tow n n ear hi s work. MrS Brow n WantS a house With four bedrooms. Thei r ChiIdre n dont Care the house i s Iike but the garde n is big eno ugh.DRIVER WANTED fo