初中英語代詞ppt學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會計學(xué)1初中英語代詞(dic)課件ppt第一頁，共31頁。一、人稱代詞(dic)、物主代詞(dic)、反身代詞(dic)一表清 分類人稱、作用人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用主語賓語、表語定語主語、表語

2、、賓語賓語、表語、同位語第1頁/共31頁第二頁，共31頁。（一）人稱代詞(dic)的語序：單數(shù)形式(xngsh)：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I復(fù)數(shù)形式(xngsh)：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they第2頁/共31頁第三頁，共31頁。（二）、名詞(mng c)性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用。名詞性物主代詞常用來避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?名詞性物主代詞可用在of 后面做定語，相當(dāng)于“ of +名詞所有格”

3、，表示帶有部分(b fen)概念或有一定的感情色彩。eg: He is a friend of mine.第3頁/共31頁第四頁，共31頁。二、it的用法(yn f)it既是賓格又可以做主格，有時也可以指人。1. 代表前面提到過的事物。如： My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere.2. 用來指人，主要(zhyo)指嬰兒或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.第4頁/共31頁第五頁，共31頁。二、it

4、的用法(yn f)3. 表示時間(shjin)、距離、天氣等。如： It will be sunny tomorrow.4. 作形式主語或者形式賓語。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.第5頁/共31頁第六頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法定義：反身代詞又稱自身代詞，由第一人稱(d y rn chn)、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱人稱代詞賓格，單數(shù)加詞尾self、復(fù)數(shù)加詞尾selves 構(gòu)成，

5、可用口訣簡記如下：反身代詞表自身，self與selves單數(shù)、復(fù)分。 一、二人稱形代后，第三人稱改用賓。在句子中，反身代詞可作動詞或介詞的賓語、表語、主語或者賓語的同位語，也可用口訣簡記：反身代詞三成分：賓、表同位反自身。第6頁/共31頁第七頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法（一）作動詞的賓語反身代詞可以與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞連用，表明動作(dngzu)的承受者就是主語本身。1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last

6、night?2. help oneself (to sth.) 隨便吃點(diǎn)什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴會當(dāng)中，用來招呼客人的用語。 Help yourselves to some fruit, children.第7頁/共31頁第八頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法3. hurt oneself 傷著自己(zj) She didnt hurt herself.4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自學(xué) Did you teach yourself English ?= Did you learn English by yourself?5

7、. look after oneself 照顧自己(zj) I can look after myself well, thanks.第8頁/共31頁第九頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法6. say to oneself自言自語(z yn z y) Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”7. come to oneself蘇醒 Soon the lady came to herself.8. make oneself + 過去分詞，使自己被別人 She did her best to make herself underst

8、ood.9. make yourself at home別客氣，讓自己像在家一樣 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.10. lose oneself in沉浸于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.第9頁/共31頁第十頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法（二） 反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞賓語(bny)1. by oneself = alone自己做 She has done her homework by herself.2. for on

9、eself為自己 She made the skirt for herself.3. of oneself自然而然的、自動的 The door opened of itself.4. among themselves在他們中間 They are discussing the matter among themselves.第10頁/共31頁第十一頁，共31頁。三、反身代詞(fn shn di c)的用法（三）作表語反身代詞可與be動詞或系動詞連用，表示或描述一種感覺、情緒或狀態(tài)。 The little boy was myself.（四）用作主語或賓語的同位語，往往用來加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞的語氣(y

10、q)，在句中可置于名詞、代詞之前、之后或句子末尾。1. 作主語的同位語 You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.作賓語的同位語 I will give the letter to your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary herself about it.第11頁/共31頁第十二頁，共31頁。四、指示(zhsh)代詞this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法1用法2thisthese近指指下文將要提及的事th

11、atthose遠(yuǎn)指指前面剛提過的事【辨析】one, it, that it 常用來特指上下文提到的同類事物，用來指可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，one泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，that常用在比較等級中，代表(dibio)前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.第12頁/共31頁第十三頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)

12、代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（一）some 與 anysome 常用于肯定句中，當(dāng)說話者期望(qwng)得到對方的肯定回答或表示請求建議時，可以用在疑問句中；any常用于否定句和疑問句中，當(dāng)any表示“任何”時，可用于肯定句。 There arent any students in the classroom. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please.第13頁/共31頁第十四頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neit

13、her, all, none等（二）辨析(binx)both, neither, either, all, noneboth, neither和 either這三個詞用于兩者或兩者之間，both表示“兩者都”，用于肯定句；neither與both互為反義詞，意為“兩者都不”；either表示“兩者之中任何一個”（或者用于否定句中，表示“也”）。all和none都用于三者或者三者以上，all表示“全部、都”，none表示“沒有任何人或物”。第14頁/共31頁第十五頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none

14、等【辨析】so/ neither+助動詞+主語！和so/ neither+主語+助動詞！so +（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞）+主語，意為“也”，“同樣”。表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(y )人（物），此句是一倒裝句。neither用法與之相反。so +主語+（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞），表示“贊同”，意為“不錯、的確、確實(shí)”。注意：前后兩個句子指的是同一個(y )人。同樣，neither的用法與之相反。第15頁/共31頁第十六頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（三）many&muchmany

15、和much都有“許多”的意思(y s)，many用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。名詞修飾語一覽表常修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語常修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語each, every, several, few, a few, many, too many, a number of, many a/an, only a few, quite a fewlittle, a little, much, too much, a good/ great deal of, a bit of, a small/ large/ huge amount ofso

16、me, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, all the rest of第16頁/共31頁第十七頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等（四）a few, a little, few, little表示肯定，“有幾個，有點(diǎn)”表示否定，“沒多少，很少”后加名詞a fewfew可數(shù)名詞a littlelittle不可數(shù)名詞第17頁/共31頁第十八頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neith

17、er, all, none等each和every“每一個(y )”each=everyShe knows each student of the class.她認(rèn)識班級(bnj)中的每個學(xué)生。She knows every student of the class.她認(rèn)識班級中的所有學(xué)生。Each of them doesnt smoke.每個人都不吸煙。every卻只有形容詞詞性，不可單獨(dú)使用。each作代詞，與of連用重于個體強(qiáng)調(diào)整體第18頁/共31頁第十九頁，共31頁。五、不定(bdng)代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none

18、等（六）圖解(tji)other系列不定代詞 one（一個） the other（另一個） one（一個） another（其余的任一個） one（一個） the others（其余的全部） some（一些） others（其余的一部分）some（一些） the others（其余的全部）第19頁/共31頁第二十頁，共31頁。六、復(fù)合不定(bdng)代詞指物指人everythingeveryone， everybodysomethingsomeone， somebodyanythinganyone，anybody nothingno one, nobody第20頁/共31頁第二十一頁，共31頁

19、。六、復(fù)合(fh)不定代詞注：1. 這些詞后一般(ybn)都不可接of短語。2. 這些詞一般(ybn)沒有詞形變化，但以-one或-body結(jié)尾的詞能帶所有格詞尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. 3. 這些詞修飾形容詞或者副詞時，形容詞或者副詞都需要后置。4. 這些復(fù)合代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。5. 在反意疑問句中，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody，someone等指人的復(fù)合代詞時，疑問部分的主語往往用they，也可以用he；若陳述部分的主語是anything， nothing等指物的復(fù)合代詞時，疑問部分的主語用it。如： Everyone know

20、s this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ?第21頁/共31頁第二十二頁，共31頁。七、相互(xingh)代詞each other; one another.表示兩個人或事物之間的相互(xingh)關(guān)系用each other, 表示三個或者三個以上的人或事物之間的相互(xingh)關(guān)系時，用one another或each other都可以，也就是說one anther一般不用于兩者之間的相互(xingh)關(guān)系。其所有格形式是each other s和one another s，兩者常可互換。第22頁

21、/共31頁第二十三頁，共31頁。八、疑問(ywn)代詞及關(guān)系代詞（一）疑問代詞1. who，whom都表示“誰”，作主語(zhy)時用who，作賓語時用whom。Who在特殊疑問句中可以替換whom，但當(dāng)疑問詞作介詞賓語時，且介詞又置于句首時，只能用whom。 With whom did you talk just now? Who (whom) are you waiting for?2. which, what在特殊疑問句作定語時，后面必須緊跟一個名詞。 What class are you in?第23頁/共31頁第二十四頁，共31頁。八、疑問代詞(dic)及關(guān)系代詞(dic)（二）關(guān)系

22、(gun x)代詞This is the doctor who came here yesterday.The man whom you saw last week has left the town.I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.The room which you can see by the river is a reading room.主格賓格所有格指人whowhomwhose指人或物which /第24頁/共31頁第二十五頁，共31頁。練習(xí)(linx)一：單項選擇1. Please send_ best wishes to M

23、ary. A. I B. me C. my D. mine2. This is my book. _are over there. A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Mine3. _ have a lot of homework to do. A. He, you and I B. You, he and I C. I, you and he D.I, he and you 4. The man downstairs found _ very difficult to get to sleep. A. that B. them C. it D. its5. -Hi, Jim

24、. Is this your bike or Toms? - Its mine, not_. A. hers B. yours C. his D. himCBBCC第25頁/共31頁第二十六頁，共31頁。練習(xí)(linx)一：單項選擇6. Tom is here, and a friend of _ is here, too. A. his father B. his fathers C. hes father D. he father7. Help _ to some fish, Jenny. A. yourselves B. yourself C. himself D. herself8.

25、The boys and girls seemed to enjoy_ in the park. A. themselves B. them C. they D. their9. - Is this model plane yours? - Yes, its mine. It is made by_. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself10. Mr. Green taught_ English in our school and taught_ French at home. A. us his B. him us C. us himself

26、 D. our himselfBBAAC第26頁/共31頁第二十七頁，共31頁。練習(xí)(linx)一：單項選擇11. -Could you offer me _ juice, sir? -Im really sorry. I havent got_ now. A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; some12. Is there _ with your bike? A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D. wrong something13. - Im leaving

27、 for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum. - Well, make sure youve got_ ready. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing14. He can speak _ French, but not_. A. some, much B. any, much C. much, many D. many, any15. Money is important in my life, but it isnt _ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D.

28、 anythingBACAA第27頁/共31頁第二十八頁，共31頁。練習(xí)(linx)一：單項選擇16. - Could I have some milk? - Certainly. Theres_ in the bottle. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few17. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that18. This apple is delicious

29、. Give me _one ,please. A. the other B. another C. others D. other19. They are both good at English, but _ of them is good at maths. A. none B. either C. all D. neither20. There are fifty students in our class. Some are from the USA, and _are from China A. another B. the other C. others D. otherBBBBC第28頁/共31頁第二十九頁，共31頁。練習(xí)二、 用正確的代詞(dic)填空1. -Excuse _, is this bike yours? -No, it isnt _. I think its Toms. -Yes, it is _.2. She will finish the work_.3. Make _ at home, Lucy.4.The boy is standing with _ hands