專題062022年全國甲卷閱讀理解A篇B篇-高考英語真題深度解析與變式訓(xùn)練原卷版

1、專題06 2022年全國甲卷閱讀理解A篇+B篇2022年高考 英語真題深度解析與變式訓(xùn)練原卷版教育部教育考試院：2022年高考英語全國卷試題評析（摘要）2022年高考英語落實(shí)立德樹人根本任務(wù)，依據(jù)高校人才選拔要求和普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，堅持“方向是 核心，平穩(wěn)是關(guān)鍵”的原那么，結(jié)合中學(xué)英語教學(xué)和復(fù)習(xí)備考實(shí)際，深化基礎(chǔ)性，考查關(guān)鍵能力，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對學(xué) 生德智體美勞全面開展的引導(dǎo)，加強(qiáng)教考銜接，服務(wù)“雙減”工作，發(fā)揮高考的育人功能和積極導(dǎo)向作用?？夹麑W(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力，服務(wù)落實(shí)雙減”政策2.1 深化基礎(chǔ)，注重能力，引導(dǎo)教學(xué)減量提質(zhì)英語試卷對接高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，強(qiáng)化對基礎(chǔ)語言知識和文化知識的理解和掌握

2、，注重考查考生在牢固 掌握語言知識基礎(chǔ)上的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力，引導(dǎo)中學(xué)英語教學(xué)重視學(xué)生語言能力的提高。英語科試卷在真實(shí)、地道的英語語境中考查基礎(chǔ)語言知識和文化知識，使用的題型有完形填空、語法填空和 短文改錯等。這些題型要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的基礎(chǔ)上，關(guān)注具體語境中不同詞語、句子與整個篇章 結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系，考查考生對英語詞法、句法以及語篇知識的掌握運(yùn)用情況。閱讀題重視對文本精細(xì)閱讀的考查， 尤其強(qiáng)調(diào)對語篇關(guān)鍵信息的理解和推斷能力。深化基礎(chǔ)性考查旨在引導(dǎo)中學(xué)教學(xué)依據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，幫助學(xué)生掌握語 音、詞匯、語法、語篇和語用等基礎(chǔ)語言知識，同時引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會在不同的語境中理解語篇所表達(dá)的主題意義, 建

3、構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)化知識，內(nèi)化所學(xué)語言知識和文化知識，具備一定的語言意識和英語語感。英語科試卷注重關(guān)鍵能力考查，尤其強(qiáng)化對閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)等關(guān)鍵能力的考查閱讀題設(shè)置考查作者觀 點(diǎn)或態(tài)度、語篇主旨要義等高階思維能力的試題，要求考生運(yùn)用批判性思維和辯證思維深入思考文章主題和思 想內(nèi)涵，根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理并通過歸納和概括作答，對考生的語言運(yùn)用能力提出很高要求。注重關(guān)鍵 能力考查旨在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過聽、說、讀、看、寫等英語學(xué)習(xí)方式和實(shí)踐活動，靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識，提高英語 語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。：A篇節(jié)選自2014年到2015年發(fā)行的英國威爾士卡迪夫城市旅游手冊。旅游嘛，當(dāng)然有吃有喝有玩，這本手 冊上推薦了卡迪夫

4、當(dāng)?shù)貛讉€特色的演出劇場。藏得很深，不過被我們找到了。文章鏈接：語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞theatre, entertainment主旨概要本文主要介紹了英國威爾士加的夫城的四個劇院及各自的特色。百科知識Cardiff：加的夫，又譯卡迪夫，威爾士首府，威爾士最大的城市。加的夫坐洛于威爾士南部海岸， 原本是一個小鎮(zhèn)，至19世紀(jì)成為威爾士主要港口，以運(yùn)送煤炭到各主要工業(yè)重鎮(zhèn)為主。20世紀(jì)In 2020, CAC GALLERIES offer the citys hottest new rental spaces for your next meeting, or special event.Capacity

5、: 300 (reception style)Hours: Early mornings and evenings 4 hours minimumPrice: January-April $ 1,000 per hourMay-December $ 1,200 per hour (Sun.-Tue.) $ 1,500 per hour (Wed.-Sat.)Details:When you rent the CAC galleries, youH have private access to more than 8,000 square feet of interactive (交互的) ga

6、lleries on two floors. Your guests will love the opportunity to explore all the CACs exhibitions at their own pace and making a tour to the Buck Atrium and Lobby. This open space on the first floor has enough room for a bar and a few cocktail tables.The CAC Galleries rental includes the Chicago Gall

7、ery on the first floor, which features the impressive Chicago City Model Experience, as well as the Drake Skyscraper Gallery on the second floor, with supersized models of famous skyscrapers. Wonderful views of the Chicago River and icons like Tribune Tower and the Wrigley Building can be seen throu

8、gh 40-foot-tall windows. The second floor also includes the Usher Lambe Rotating Gallery, with regularly changing exhibits. Hosting your event in the CACs exhibit spaces is truly a memorable experience.Payment Policies:A non-refundable, 50% deposit (定金)of the total cost is due when submitting the re

9、ntal contract. Full payment must be made no later than six weeks ahead of the event.Security is required for all rentals taking place outside the CACs normal business hours. The cost of security is based on the number of attendees and number of hours the space is rented. Contact food forthoughtarchi

10、 for more information.During which of the following time does renting CAC GALLERIES cost most?A. Wednesdays in February. B. Thursdays in June.C. Sundays in October.D. Tuesdays in November.What is the main attraction on the first floor?A. Tribune Tower Model. B. Drake Skyscraper Gallery.C.

11、 Chicago City Model. D. Usher Lambe Rotating Gallery.When signing the rental contract, what should you do?A. Take back the depositB. Buy a security serviceC. Pay half of the total cost D. Make sure full payment is made21-23-7【高考真題】（2019全國III卷）Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choos

12、e to stay in a hostel (旅社).The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, youll often get to stay in a central location （位置）with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. Its

13、one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. Its affordable, and its got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, its close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro

14、Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. Theres also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf youre looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth St

15、ation. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesnt charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 1 O-minute w

16、alk from the central city station and its close to all of the citys main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.What is probably the major concern

17、of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?A. Comfort. B. Security.C. Price.D. Location.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.C. Youth Station Hostel.D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel D

18、es Artistes?A. It gets noisy at night.B. Its staff is too talkative.C. It charges for Wi-Fi.D, Its inconveniently located.教育部教育考試院：2022年高考英語全國卷試題評析（摘要）2022年高考英語落實(shí)立德樹人根本任務(wù)，依據(jù)高校人才選拔要求和普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，堅持“方向是 核心，平穩(wěn)是關(guān)鍵”的原那么，結(jié)合中學(xué)英語教學(xué)和復(fù)習(xí)備考實(shí)際，深化基礎(chǔ)性，考查關(guān)鍵能力，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對學(xué) 生德智體美勞全面開展的引導(dǎo)，加強(qiáng)教考銜接，服務(wù)“雙減”工作，發(fā)揮高考的育人功能和積極導(dǎo)向作用。1.

19、3關(guān)注時代開展，引導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)核心素養(yǎng)英語科試卷通過選擇具有時代特征的語篇，倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成獨(dú)立思考的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，培育樂于探究的科學(xué)精神， 構(gòu)建友好互助的人際關(guān)系。英語科試卷通過選取禁止開車使用手機(jī)、悉尼新舊文化沖突、新媒體對家庭教育和生活的影響、英國征收糖 稅的起因及效果等具有探討性和思辨性的材料，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成獨(dú)立思考的習(xí)慣，培養(yǎng)主動發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的 能力；通過選取高科技無人機(jī)在鐵路交通中的應(yīng)用、鸚鵡識別物體形狀的實(shí)驗(yàn)、人類語言開展的研究及與捉迷藏 相關(guān)的兒童心理開展實(shí)驗(yàn)等語篇，激發(fā)學(xué)生對科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)與研究的興趣；通過選取關(guān)愛養(yǎng)老院老人的研究工程、勇 救墜樓兒童、修復(fù)父子親情關(guān)系等語篇，倡導(dǎo)友好互助、彼

20、此關(guān)愛的和諧人際關(guān)系。B篇帶有典型的BBC探索神秘大自然的風(fēng)格，文章就是來自BBC Earth發(fā)表于2018年的一篇雜志文章。【原卷24-27題】知識點(diǎn)說明文動物物種類閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。Goffins cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in

21、 the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a ykeyhole“ in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choose from. Insert

22、ing the correct “key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical （對稱的）shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a speci

23、fic direction before it will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffins cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This

24、 indicates that Goffins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues （線索），or also use a sense of touch

25、 in making their shape selections.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A. By following instructions.B. By using a tool.C. By turning the box around.D. By removing the lid.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?A. Using a key to unloc

26、k a door.B. Telling parrots from other birds.C. Putting a ball into a round hole.D. Grouping toys of different shapes.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?How far they are able to see.How they track moving objects.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.Whether they use a s

27、ense of touch in the test.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Cockatoos: Quick Error CheckersB. Cockatoos: Independent LearnersC. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-ReadersC. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-ReadersD. Cockatoos: Skilful Sh叩e-Sorters關(guān)鍵詞 cockatoo, skilful, shape-recognition關(guān)鍵詞 cockatoo, skilf

28、ul, shape-recognition語篇解讀主旨概要 本文為說明文。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，澳大拉西亞地區(qū)戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡的形狀識別能力相當(dāng)于兩歲的人 類幼兒。澳大拉西亞，一般指大洋洲的一個地區(qū)，包括澳大利亞、新西蘭和鄰近的太平洋島嶼。百科知識 戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡，又名戈氏鳳頭鸚鵡、小白巴丹，體長約32厘米,是體型最小的白色鳳頭鸚鵡之一，外表惹人喜愛，說話能力強(qiáng)，親人、愛玩、聰明，它們會尋找碎木塊用喙撕咬成自己想要的形狀,用來獲取食物。原文出處選自Magzter （數(shù)字雜志商店）BBC Earth名為Cockatoos Are Skilful Shape-Sorters的文章。網(wǎng)站鏈接語言知識shape

29、-recognition n 合成詞形狀識別;keep v 熟詞生義供養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)；keyhole n 合成詞鎖眼,鑰匙孔（key + hole）； shaped adj 分詞形容詞具有（或呈）形狀的；insert v 新課標(biāo)刪減詞重難點(diǎn)詞學(xué)術(shù)詞插入，嵌入；recognize / recognise v 一詞多義認(rèn)出，識別出；specific adj 學(xué)術(shù)詞特有的，特定的（近particular）； allocentric adj 派生詞非自我中心的，異中心型的；alone adj僅僅,只；trial-and-error n 合成詞反復(fù)試驗(yàn),不斷摸索；indicate v 學(xué)術(shù)詞說明,顯示；pos

30、sess v新課標(biāo)刪減詞具有（特質(zhì)）；entirely adv 新課標(biāo)增加詞全部地，完全地（近c(diǎn)ompletely）； unlockv 派生詞（用鑰匙）開的鎖（un- + lock）； group v 名詞動化把分類/分組；follow-upadj 合成詞進(jìn)一步的；track v 名詞動化跟蹤,追蹤；shape-sorter n 合成詞形狀歸類員重點(diǎn)詞塊（be） native to源于的，原產(chǎn)于；present sb with sth向某人提供某物；geometric shape幾何形狀；let out放出，放走；frame of reference （影響人理解和判斷事物的）參照系；in m

31、ost cases在大多數(shù)情況下；visual recognition視覺識別；work out把弄清楚；rely on依靠，依賴;a senseof touch 觸覺；make a selection 做出選擇;following instructions 按照指示;turn sth around 翻轉(zhuǎn)某物；tell sth from sth 區(qū)分和；find out about sth 查明，弄清（情況）This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before i

32、t will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference?.長難句分 析句意：這種能夠認(rèn)識到需要將某個形狀朝特定方向轉(zhuǎn)動才能裝進(jìn)的能力被稱為“異中心參照系”。 本句為主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干局部為 This ability is called an allocentric frame of reference. 。 to recognize that a shape . before it will fit作后置定語修飾ability,其中包含一個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作 recognize的賓語，而這個從句中又包含一個由before引導(dǎo)的

33、狀語從句。說明文解題指導(dǎo)說明文八大常見命題點(diǎn)一、段首、段尾處?？紵o論是議論文還是說明文，一篇文章往往分成兒個局部或?qū)哟芜M(jìn)行說明和論證，每個段落一般都是一個局部 或者一個層次。英美作者寫文章的邏輯性非常強(qiáng)，文章結(jié)構(gòu)都非常規(guī)范，因此每個段落的首句和尾句也經(jīng)常是該 段落的主旨句，也是出題的重點(diǎn)區(qū)域。二、句意轉(zhuǎn)折處?？嘉恼碌霓D(zhuǎn)折處也是表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)和文章主題的地方.，作者經(jīng)常會通過先抑后揚(yáng)的方法在轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后才明確提 出自己的觀點(diǎn)。轉(zhuǎn)折詞前后的意思一般來說都是相反的，而作者會偏重其中的某一方。因此，在閱讀過程中看到 轉(zhuǎn)折詞，考生最好能作上標(biāo)記以方便做題時查找。一些明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折詞包括but, yet（句首），

34、however, though, on the contrary, by contrast, instead, still （句首），as a matter of fact, in fact 等。三、比照、比擬處?？剂硗?，作者也經(jīng)常把兩個事物、兩件事實(shí)、兩種觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行比照，從而論證自己觀點(diǎn)的正確性。表示比照的一 些標(biāo)志t生詞語有 unlike, by contrast, in comparison, becompared with等。命題者常對比照的雙方屬性進(jìn)行考查。比方文章中說“甲具有X屬性，但乙與甲不同，那乙有 何屬性？ ”答：非X屬性。此類考點(diǎn)常出現(xiàn)在邏輯推理型題中，少數(shù)出現(xiàn)于其他考點(diǎn)中。

35、四、因果關(guān)系處?？家蚬壿嬯P(guān)系也很受高考英語命題者的青睞，因?yàn)橐蚬P(guān)系闡述了兩個事件或者事實(shí)之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，是作 者進(jìn)行分析或者得出結(jié)論的地方。出題者為了考查考生的閱讀能力和邏輯分析能力，經(jīng)常會將因果顛倒，考生需 要注意區(qū)分實(shí)際的因果關(guān)系，防止受到迷惑。表示因果關(guān)系的詞語有：because, as , for,since,because of, due to, as a result of, result from, thanks to, so, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result, result in, cau

36、se, lead to, contributet。等。有時候文章中雖然沒有出現(xiàn)表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語，但是在邏輯上也存在著因果關(guān)系，這 個時候考生就需要自己進(jìn)行判斷和推理。五、舉例說明處?？家话愕淖h論文和說明文都需要一些例子來支持作者的論證和說明，這些例子往往與作者的論述和說明有很大 的關(guān)聯(lián)，考綱中明確提出考生需要掌握區(qū)分論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)的能力，因此這也成了考題出處的熱點(diǎn)。這種題目在文章 中的線索非常明顯，一般都帶有如下的標(biāo)志性詞匯：for example, for instance, take .as an example, such as, like等。 考生要牢記一般文章舉例處的前后句就是與

37、該例子相關(guān)的作者論點(diǎn)，所以在做此類題目的時候就需要追本溯源, 尋找論點(diǎn)，才能保證所選答案的正確性。六、特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)處?？加⑽闹兄饕褂枚禾柡途涮?，文中一旦出現(xiàn)一些特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，通常都會表達(dá)作者的特殊意圖，因此特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號處也經(jīng)常成為出題的對象，因此考生應(yīng)該對以下標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的用法較為熟悉:冒號冒號的出現(xiàn)有兩大作用后面內(nèi)容或者用來解釋說明前面抽象的內(nèi)容;或者是對前面內(nèi)容的總 結(jié)。不管是解釋還是總結(jié)，出現(xiàn)冒號通常要重點(diǎn)選讀冒號后面的內(nèi)容。括號括號內(nèi)的內(nèi)容通常用來解釋或強(qiáng)調(diào)括號前面的內(nèi)容，我們在平時的學(xué)習(xí)過程中見到括號一般都跳 過，但是在英語中通常會把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容放在括號中，因此要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)分析。破折號破

38、折號后面的內(nèi)容通常表示對前面內(nèi)容的解釋說明或補(bǔ)充，說明此處信息至關(guān)重要。但要注意， 兩個破折號的作用通常為插入語，就不再是重點(diǎn)信息了。七、結(jié)論建議處常考一般情況下出現(xiàn)the research indicates, the report suggests等類似的結(jié)論建議性表達(dá)方式時,說明此處為文中 提及的實(shí)驗(yàn)和研究的結(jié)果或作者要說明論證的結(jié)果。出題者通常不會考查實(shí)驗(yàn)和研究的過程，而將注意力放在結(jié) 論和結(jié)果上，因此閱讀過程中要格外注意這些表達(dá)的出現(xiàn)。八、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度處?？嘉恼轮凶髡邔τ谀橙嘶蚰呈挛锏挠^點(diǎn)或態(tài)度，以及文章中涉及的其他人或組織機(jī)構(gòu)的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度也常受出題 人的青睞。解題時要留意文章中出現(xiàn)表達(dá)

39、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞語的地方，以及一些帶有感情色彩的特殊句式（祈使句、 感嘆句、反問句等）。說明文變式訓(xùn)練24-27-1【基礎(chǔ)】Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws（ JK ）on its wings when young. They build their homes ab

40、out 4.6 m above the river, an important feature （特征）for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes

41、, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak（喙），they can climb abou

42、t in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lost their claws.the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20:00, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together i

43、n smaller living units of two seven birds for producing purposes.24.What is the test mainly about?A.Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B.The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C.Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D.The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.Yong hoatzins are different from t

44、heir parents in that.A.they look like young cuckoos.B.they have claws on the wingsC.they eat a lot like a cowD.they live on river banks.What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A.They had claws to help them climb.B.They could fly long distancesC.They had four wings like hoatzins.D.They

45、had a head with long feathers on the top. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A.To find more food.B.To protect themselves better.C.To keep themselves warm.D.To produce their young.24-27-2【基礎(chǔ)】When ”Rise of the Planet of the Apes was first shown to the public

46、 last month, a group of excited animal activistsgathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they werent there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars.Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: Thanks for not using real apes （猿）!”The

47、 creative team behind Apes used motion-capture （動作捕捉）technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor9s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image （圖像）. In this case, one of a realistic-looking

48、 ape.Yet Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofitorganization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000productions this year. Already, a number of films, including Water for

49、 Elephants, The Hangover Part II nandHZookeeper,n have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly.In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists womed; its theoff-set training and living conditio

50、ns that areraising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside theStates, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A. To see famous film stars.B. To oppose wearing fur coats.C. To rai

51、se money for animal protection.D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The cost of making ,Apes.,B. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity aboutCApes.nD. The performance ofreal apes.What does the underlined phrase keeping tabs onn in paragraph 3

52、probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A. They may be badly treated.B. They should take further training.C.They could be traded illegally.D. They would lose populari

53、ty.24-27-3【鞏固】A Duke University-led study finds that bottlenose dolphins burn calories at a lower rate as they get older, just like humans do. Its the first time that scientists have measured an age-related metabolic（新陳代謝的）slowdown in another large-bodied species besides humans, said the first autho

54、r Rebecca Rimbach.Rimbach has studied energy consumption in animals ranging from mice to monkeys. But data on the inner workings of sea animals such as dolphins and whales have been scant, she says. Thats because these ocean animals are difficult to catch fbr repeated measurement. It can be very tri

55、cky to get the animal back when you need it J Rimbach said.The researchers studied 10 bottlenose dolphins aged 10 to 45 living at two sea animal centers. To measure their average daily metabolic rates, the researchers used the “doubly labeled water method. It involved getting the dolphins to drink a

56、 few pounds of water with “heavy forms of hydrogen and oxygen put in, and then following how long they took to force them out. Carers collected the dolphins blood and analyzed the levels of heavy hydrogen and oxygen atoms（原 子）in it. Thus, the team was able to count how much carbon dioxide （CO2） the

57、dolphins produced each day, and then how many calories they were burning as they went about their lives.The scientists found the oldest dolphins in the study, both in their 40s, used 22% to 49% fewer calories each day than expected for their body weight. And similar to humans, more of those calories

58、 ended up as fat rather than muscle. Dolphins in their 40s had body fat percentages that were 2.5 times higher than the under-20 dolphins5. It wasnt for lack of exercise and it wasnt because theyre eating too much, Rimbach said. It was related to metabolic aging.The researchers said such work could

59、uncover factors besides diet and lifestyle that caused age-related weight gain in people. Further studies into this commonality we share with dolphins may help us understand why our metabolism slowsas we age J said co-author Hannah Salomons.What does the underlined word “scant“ in Paragraph 2 probab

60、ly mean?A. Detailed.B. Strange.C. Rare.D. Different.Why did the carers collect dolphins blood during the research?A. To better know about their oxygen demand.B. To figure out the amount of burntcalories.C. To analyze the main content of the blood.D. To check the health condition of dolphins.What is