新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)Unit7CollegeLife教學(xué)課件

1、Unit SevenCollege LifeCommunicationTen “Cs” Essential for College Students CreativityCommitmentConnectionConfidenceCourageCooperationCuriosityCompetenceConsiderationDo you know this?師范大學(xué)/學(xué)院normal university / college全國(guó)重點(diǎn)大學(xué)national key university 綜合性大學(xué)comprehensive university工業(yè)大學(xué)/理工學(xué)院財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)/學(xué)院poly-tech

2、nical university / institute of technologyuniversity / institute of finance and economics?？茖W(xué)校junior college職業(yè)學(xué)校寄宿學(xué)校vocational school boarding school Majors: Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering Electrical Engineering Civil Engineering Information Science Computer Science Mechanics

3、 Biochemistry International Trade Geology Economics International Finance Agronomy Earth Science Materials Life Science Diplomatic Relations Urban Planning Mass Media JournalismDirections: Work in groups and discuss: 1) your idea of college life before you came to college (including the campus, clas

4、sroom buildings, dormitories, students cafeterias, library, classmates, teachers, etc.); 2) the similarities and differences between your expectations and the reality.Talking about Your College Life Expectations vs. RealityGuidelines1) Campus: 2) Classroom buildings:3) Dormitories:4) Students cafete

5、rias:5) Library:6) Classmates:7) Teachers:expectationsRealityLarge & beautifulAs what dreamednew classrooms with modern facilitiesequipped with modern facilitiesspace for everyoneSmall & crowdedspacious dining hallsgreat variety of foodlarge collection of booksScare reading roomfriendlytrueoldYoung,

6、 especially English teachersDirections: Look at the pictures of college students in 1910s-20s, 1960s-70s, as well as college students today. Work in groups to compare and contrast their characteristics according to what you see or what you know about them. Then report your findings to the class. Col

7、lege Students at Different Times1910s 1920s college students1960s 1970s college studentsPresent day college studentsThe message Prof. Neusner passes to the graduates. (Para. 1)We take no pride in our educational achievement because we have inadequately prepared students for the real world.Reason: At

8、 Brown, during the four years, students have formed the belief that failure leaves no record, while in the real world failure marks you.Two different attitudes toward errors. (Para. 2)At Brown, students defend their errors by arguing about:In the real world, graduates had better not defend their err

9、ors but learn from them.A. why their errors were not errors;B. why mediocre work was excellent;C. why they could take pride in their poor presentation.College is an altogether forgiving world. (Para. 3-5)No matter what slight effort students made, they could meet the demand.A. When students broke ap

10、pointments, professors make new ones.B. When the deadline was missed, professors pretended not to care.C. Boring talks were considered to be important.D. Unlabored writing was commented on.E. Dull students were treated as if they were smart.The reason why professors did all this was not that they wa

11、nted to be liked by students, but that professors did not want to be bothered and pretense was the easy way out. Prof. Daniels viewpoint. (Para. 6)College has deprived students of adequate preparation for the real world. The ending of the speech. (Para. 7-8)Conclusion: On this commencement day, we p

12、rofessors have nothing to take pride in.B. Advice for graduates:a. Dont act toward your co-workers and bosses as you have acted toward us.b. Go to life and unlearn the lies we taught you here.The points Ida Timothees going to argue against (Para. 1)A. Students have been made to believe that “failure

13、 leaves no record” .B. College is not a preparatory school for life.Ida Timothees comments on Neusners points: (Para. 2)A. He knows little about students college life.B. He ignores the pressures and hard times students experience at college.Ida argues against Neusners point that college is not prepa

14、ring students for real life. (Para. 3)During the college years, we start to be independent, make crucial decisions and are responsible for them.A. We learn to budget our time and money.B. We are tolerant enough to survive in a crowded triple room.C. We meet people from different parts of the world.S

15、upporting evidence:Her counter-examples:A. If you fail a test or a course, the teacher wont erase the grade.B. If you drop a class, youll have to take more courses next semester.C. Low grades or low GPA means no fine graduate school, no degree.Ida argues against the so-called students belief that fa

16、ilure leaves no record. (Para. 4)D. Everyone has to take midterms and finals.E. No teachers have “pretended not to care” when deadlines are not kept.College is not “easy, free, forgiving, attentive, comfortable, interesting, unchallenging fun” to her.Idas conclusion: (Para. 5)句型應(yīng)用Confronting difficu

17、lty by quitting leaves you changed. (Line 10)leave sb. + adj./ v-ed/prep.phrase: leave 后可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。譯 文ExampleHe left the door unlocked when he went out last night. 他昨晚出去時(shí)沒(méi)鎖門。He felt tired and left the problem unsolved last night.他昨天夜里感到非常疲勞,所以問(wèn)題也沒(méi)解出來(lái)。ExampleThe fox mom went out for food, lea

18、ving all her hungry kids waiting at home. 狐貍媽媽外出找食了，留了一屋子嗷嗷待哺的小狐貍。Being in a hurry, he left all the windows open. 因?yàn)樽叩么颐?，他把窗子都沒(méi)關(guān)。譯 文 Confronting difficulty by quitting leaves you changed. (Line 10)知難而退會(huì)使你變成另一個(gè)人。難句分析 When you tossed on our desks writing upon which you had not labored, we read it and

19、even responded, as though you earned a response. ( Line25) 譯 文本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，主句是 we read it and even responded。句首 when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 該從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞tossed 在句中用作及物動(dòng)詞，它的賓語(yǔ)是writing，upon which you had not labored 是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的 writing。主句后面的 as though 引導(dǎo)了另一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示方式。他們?yōu)榻ㄔ爝@個(gè)體育館辛勤工作了好幾年。They labored for years to build this

20、auditorium. 我下功夫?qū)W了兩年英語(yǔ) 。I labored at English for two years.Examplelabor v. work or try hard 干苦活，努力，多指艱苦、 緊張勞累的體力勞動(dòng)，也可用于腦力勞動(dòng)。Example這孩子正在動(dòng)腦筋做一道數(shù)學(xué)難題。 The child is laboring over a difficult math problem. 編輯下大力氣修改原稿，一直改到凌晨。 The editor labored over the manuscript till early morning. 他當(dāng)顧問(wèn)工程師掙得大筆的錢。Hes ear

21、ning a fortune as a consultant engineer.她靠什么謀生？How does she earn her living?Exampleearnv. 賺（掙）錢，（應(yīng)，使）獲得，得到Example經(jīng)過(guò)多年的努力，他終于贏得了她的芳心。After years of effort, he finally earned her love. 她順利地通過(guò)了考試，終于在大學(xué)贏得了一席之地。Her success in the exam earned her a place at university.譯 文 When you tossed on our desks writ

22、ing upon which you had not labored, we read it and even responded, as though you earned a response. ( Line25)當(dāng)你們把根本沒(méi)有花心思寫的作業(yè)扔到我們桌上時(shí)，我們不僅拜讀，甚至批改給出評(píng)語(yǔ)，好像你們值得這樣的回應(yīng)。Despite your fantasies, it was not even that we wanted to be liked by you. It was that we did not want to be bothered, and the easy way out

23、was pretense: smiles and easy Bs. (Line30)譯 文句型應(yīng)用it was not even thatIt was that 根本不是， 而是他解釋說(shuō)，根本不是他睡過(guò)了，而是公共汽車晚了。He explained, it was not that he overslept. It was that the bus was late.Example醫(yī)生非常樂(lè)意為病人提供他們想要的藥物。這絕不是醫(yī)生認(rèn)為藥是最佳治療辦法，而是醫(yī)生處理病人更快的一種辦法。The doctors are too ready to provide patients with the m

24、edicine they require. It is not even that doctors think the medicine is the best treatment. It is that this is a quicker way for doctors to dispose of patients. 譯 文對(duì)這一切盡管你們可以想入非非，但我們決不是因?yàn)橄胍懙媚銈兊臍g心，而是因?yàn)槲覀儾幌胧艿酱驍_。一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的辦法就是作假：微笑，讓你們輕輕松松都得B。Despite your fantasies, it was not even that we wanted to be lik

25、ed by you. It was that we did not want to be bothered, and the easy way out was pretense: smiles and easy Bs. (Line30)句子分析Few professors actually care whether or not they are liked by peer-paralyzed adolescents, fools so shallow as to imagine professors care not about education but about popularity.

26、 (Line47) 紅色的部分是此句的主句。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞care 帶了一個(gè)由whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。peer-paralyzed adolescents指“那些非常在乎同齡人的評(píng)價(jià)而不會(huì)獨(dú)立思考的年輕人（青少年）”。 foolspopularity在句中做adolescents的同位語(yǔ), 其中imagine后為省略了連詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句。care notbut“關(guān)心的不是而是”。譯 文shallow他們就宴會(huì)和服裝進(jìn)行膚淺的交談。They carried a shallow conversation about parties and clothes.那時(shí)我太年輕無(wú)知，不懂什么是愛(ài)情

27、。I was too young and shallow to understand love.Exampleadj. lacking deep or serious thinking 膚淺的、淺薄的care not about but about許多偉人關(guān)心的不是自己的利益而是全人類的利益。Many great people care not about their own interests but about the interests of the whole human being.Example所關(guān)心的不是而是Example我們關(guān)心的不是效率而是質(zhì)量。We care not abo

28、ut the efficiency but about the quality.他關(guān)心的不是多少人能來(lái)參加婚禮而是誰(shuí)會(huì)來(lái)參加婚禮。He cares not about how many people will come to his wedding, but about who will come. 譯 文很少有教授真正在乎他們是否會(huì)受到那些只能在同齡人眼中找到自我的年輕人的喜歡，這些年輕人是一些愚昧無(wú)知的人，竟然膚淺到會(huì)以為教授們關(guān)心的不是教育，而是自己的聲望。Few professors actually care whether or not they are liked by peer

29、-paralyzed adolescents, fools so shallow as to imagine professors care not about education but about popularity. (Line47)句子分析When the going gets tough, the tough have to get down to work because, unlike what Neusner believes, college does not give “painless” solutions to mistakes. (Line31, Passage 2

30、) 該句中第一個(gè)“tough”意為“艱難的”，第二個(gè)“the tough” 指的是“頑強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)（刻苦用功）的學(xué)生”。譯 文going他是我在碰到困難時(shí)可以依靠的人。He is the man I can depend on when the going gets tough. 她不到25歲就當(dāng)上公司主管，發(fā)展的真不錯(cuò)！She was a company director before she was 25; thats not bad going.Examplen. rate of progress, travel, etc. 進(jìn)展的速度，進(jìn)行情況 他們對(duì)酒醉后駕車者十分嚴(yán)厲。They are

31、very tough on drunk drivers. 政府聲稱要對(duì)試圖逃稅者采取強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度。The government has threatened to get tough with those people who try to avoid paying taxes. Exampletoughadj. difficult 困難的;費(fèi)力的 rough and hard 強(qiáng)硬的；粗暴的 able to endure hardship 能耐勞苦的。Example和他很難共事。He is tough to work with. 煤礦工人都是能吃苦耐勞的。Coal-miners are a to

32、ugh breed. When the going gets tough, the tough have to get down to work because, unlike what Neusner believes, college does not give “painless” solutions to mistakes . (Line31, Passage 2) 譯 文當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展困難時(shí)，那些本來(lái)刻苦學(xué)習(xí)的人也得更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)并不像諾伊斯那所認(rèn)為的那樣，會(huì)給失誤提供“省事的”解決辦法。Its ill-advised for you to believe what that s

33、tranger said. ill-advised (Line 17, Para. 2)你真是沒(méi)腦子，竟然會(huì)相信那個(gè)陌生人的話。Translation她太沒(méi)腦子了，以至于會(huì)在幾天前上了一條陌生的手機(jī)短信的當(dāng)。She was so ill-advised that she swallowed the bait in a strange short message several days ago. adj. not sensible or wise 沒(méi)腦筋的, 不明智的“ill-” is added to words, especially adjectives and past partici

34、ples (過(guò)去分詞), to add the meaning “badly” or “inadequately” 前綴ill一般與形容詞和過(guò)去分詞搭配使用，意為“糟糕的”或“不充分的”。Exampleill-informed (line 37, Para. 6)意為“not knowing about something” (無(wú)知的)ill-mannered無(wú)禮貌的，舉止粗魯?shù)?ill-bred沒(méi)有教養(yǎng)的, 粗野的ill-fated走惡運(yùn)的, 注定倒霉的 ill-judged判斷失當(dāng)?shù)?，時(shí)機(jī)不當(dāng)?shù)膇ll-natured 脾氣壞的，不厚道的ill-timed不適時(shí)的，不合時(shí)宜的abuse (L

35、ine 18, Para. 2)v. 1) to say unkind, cruel, or rude things to or about 辱罵，詆毀Dont abuse that young man any more. He is innocent. 不要再詆毀那個(gè)年輕人了，他是無(wú)辜的。Translation辱罵別人是一種無(wú)理的行為。Abusing others is a kind of impolite deed. v. 2) to put to wrong use; use badly, esp. for ones own advantage 濫用；妄用；誤用n. 1) 辱罵；凌辱 2

36、) 濫用；妄用ExerciseThat official was dismissed because he was accused of _. 因?yàn)楸豢貫E用職權(quán)，那位官員被撤了職。abusing his power_ has become one of the most serious social problems.濫用毒品已經(jīng)成了最嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問(wèn)題之一。The abuse of drugs 請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。toss (Line 25, Para.4)v. 1) to throw esp. in a careless or aimless way 扔，投，擲ExerciseThose mis

37、chievous kids _. 那些頑皮的孩子把球互相扔來(lái)扔去。tossed the ball to each other_ to decide who would serve as the leader of the whole team.他們把一枚硬幣拋向空中來(lái)決定誰(shuí)來(lái)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)整個(gè)隊(duì)伍。They tossed a coin to the sky 請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。v. 2) to (cause to) move about continuously in an aimless or violent way 搖蕩；顛簸The ship tossed about in the stormy se

38、a. 那條船在狂風(fēng)暴雨中顛簸不已。Translation卡車在通往那個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的崎嶇道路上顛簸地行駛著。The truck tossed in a rugged road leading to that remote village. n. 1) 扔，投，擲; 2) 搖蕩；顛簸的動(dòng)作quote (Line 33, Para. 6)v. to repeat in speech or writing the words of (a person, a book, etc.); to mention an example to support an argument. 引用的話; 舉例引證，引述Ex

39、erciseHe asked the newspaper reporter not to _ in the report of that road accident. 他要求記者在關(guān)于那起車禍的報(bào)道中不要引用他的話。quote請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。his remark ExerciseIn his book he _. 在他的書中，他引用了林肯的演說(shuō)詞。quoted the speeches of Abraham _ “ Every dog has his day” meaning that he would get a chance in life sometime. 他引用諺語(yǔ)“凡人都有得意的

40、一天”想說(shuō)明總有一天他也會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)。He quoted the saying 請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。Lincoln_ in which such mistakes had occurred. 她列舉了幾宗發(fā)生過(guò)類似錯(cuò)誤的實(shí)例。She quoted several cases 詞義辨析：cite與quotecite: (1) speak or write (words taken from a passage, a book, an author); (2) mention as an example to support an argument 與quote做動(dòng)詞是同義詞。但quote 指引用別人的

41、原話。此外，quote也有“提到” 的詞義。cite可以是較簡(jiǎn)潔的，不一定是每字每句的引用. ExampleThe author often cited/quoted lessons of Bible in his writing.那位作家在寫作中經(jīng)常引用圣經(jīng)中的典故。 Example他在演講中提及了自己在越戰(zhàn)中的親身經(jīng)歷來(lái)讓演講更有說(shuō)服力。He quoted his personal experiences in the Vietnam War to make his speech more convincing. 她提到高失業(yè)率以說(shuō)明政府政策的失敗。She cited the high u

42、nemployment figures as evidence of the failure of government policy. n. quotation 引言，語(yǔ)錄，引用address (Line 33, Para. 6)那位學(xué)者的精彩演講自始至終讓聽眾全神貫注。That scholars wonderful address drew audiences attention all the way. Translation著名作家劉墉上周在我校做了一次成功的演講。Famous writer Liu Yong made a successful address in our schoo

43、llast week. n. 1) a formal speech made to a group of people (audience) who are gathered especially to listen 演講The old lady forgot to write the address on the envelope. 那位老太太忘了在信封上寫地址了。 如果地址有變動(dòng)，請(qǐng)通知我們。 Please notify us of any change of address. n. 2) the number of the building, name of the street and

44、 towns, etc., where a person lives or works, esp. when written on a letter or parcel 地址；住址Translationv. to direct speech or writing to (a person or group) 演說(shuō)；作書面談話Translation老板不得不向不滿的員工們發(fā)表講話。The boss had to address a hostile crowd of employees. 主教練的話是特別講給隊(duì)伍中的年輕隊(duì)員聽的。The head coach addressed his remar

45、ks particularly to the young players in his team. formulate (Line 11, Para. 2 of Passage 2)v. 1) choose particular words to express your thoughts or feelings 確切地表達(dá)（某思想）請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。ExerciseHolding the award in hand, _. 在拿到獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)之后，面對(duì)鼓掌的觀眾，那位演員激動(dòng)得幾乎無(wú)法表達(dá)自己的感受。The speech lasted nearly two hours, but the speake

46、r seemed unable to _. 演講持續(xù)了將近兩個(gè)小時(shí)，但是演講者好像沒(méi)有能夠確切地表達(dá)自己在該問(wèn)題上的態(tài)度。formulate his attitude on that issuethe actor was too exited to formulate his feeling in front of the clapping audienceFamous movie director Zhang Yimou is formulating an unique opening and closing ceremonies for the 2008 Beijing Olympics.

47、 v. 2) develop a plan or proposal, and decide all the details that will be done 構(gòu)想，準(zhǔn)備（計(jì)劃、方法等）美國(guó)政府正在構(gòu)想新的移民政策。The US government is formulating a new immigration policy. Translation著名導(dǎo)演張藝謀正在為2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)構(gòu)思獨(dú)一無(wú)二的開閉幕式。名詞形式：formula n. 公式, 規(guī)則go through (Line 13, Para. 2 of Passage 2) to suffer or experience;

48、endure 經(jīng)歷, 經(jīng)受盡管經(jīng)歷過(guò)艱難的歲月，他依舊保持著樂(lè)觀的心態(tài)。 Both countries have gone through the economic depressions.兩個(gè)國(guó)家都經(jīng)歷過(guò)那次經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條。 TranslationAlthough having gone through hard times, he still kept an optimistic mind. 2) to finish; get through 完成；做完TranslationHis nephew has already gone through the loanbecause of the ba

49、nkruptcy. 你把所有家庭作業(yè)都做完了嗎？Have you gone through all your homework? 因?yàn)槠飘a(chǎn)，他的外甥已經(jīng)用光了所有的貸款。動(dòng)詞 go 的主要短語(yǔ)包括：go after (v.)追逐, 追求go against (v.)反對(duì), 違反；不利于go by (v.)(從.旁)走過(guò)； 依照； 順便走訪go down (v.) 下去, 下沉, 墜落, 下降,；平靜下來(lái), 被咽下； 被接受； 傳下去go into (v.)進(jìn)入, 加入；探究；變得go out (v.)出去；熄滅； 過(guò)時(shí)；罷工；倒塌pop into ones mind(Line 17, Para

50、. 3 of Passage 2) 涌現(xiàn)到的腦海中TranslationThose past events in her childhood popped into her mind again. 看到那張老照片， 一連串熟悉的名字涌現(xiàn)到他的腦海中。Seeing the old picture, a string of familiar names popped into his mind.那些童年的往事再次躍入她的腦海之中。popTranslationPop down to the supermarket and get some fruits. 那個(gè)陌生人剛剛出去不到幾分鐘。The str

51、anger just popped out for a few minutes. 到超市去買一些水果來(lái)。v. 1) to go or come suddenly, quickly, or unexpectedly（突然地）來(lái)去，行動(dòng)TranslationHis naughty son blew a plastic bag up and then popped it between his hands. 氣球砰地一聲爆了。The balloon popped. 他的調(diào)皮的兒子把一個(gè)塑料袋吹起來(lái)然后再雙手把它拍破，發(fā)出砰的聲響。v. 2) to (cause to) make a short sh

52、arp explosive sound 砰地一聲響；劈啪地響n. 1) 砰的一聲 2) (美國(guó)英語(yǔ))(汽水之類的)軟性飲料pop n. 流行歌曲；通俗音樂(lè)budget (Line 20, Para. 3 of Passage 2)v. to make plans for the careful use of (money, time, etc.) in a way that will bring most advantage 預(yù)算、安排、計(jì)劃 (開支，時(shí)間等)請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。ExerciseSuper girl Zhou Bichang finds it necessary _. 超級(jí)女生周

53、筆暢覺(jué)得非常有必要計(jì)劃參加各種采訪和演出的時(shí)間。In order to save money to buy a cell phone, _. 為了攢錢買一部手機(jī)，她不得不仔細(xì)計(jì)劃自己的開支。she has to budget to budget her expenses very carefullyher time to take part in all kinds of interviews and performancesn. a plan of how to spend money, etc. 預(yù)算請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。Exercise_ is still underway. 政府本財(cái)政年度

54、(financial year)的預(yù)算還在制定之中。The purchase of a new personal computer _. 購(gòu)買一臺(tái)新的電腦不在我們的家庭預(yù)算之中。is not in our family budgetThe government budget of this financial year get away with(Line 25, Para. 4 of Passage 2)to do (something wrong) without being caught or punished 僥幸成功, 逃脫處罰不要試圖欺騙警方，你注定難以逃脫(懲罰)。Dont tr

55、y to deceive the police; you will never get away with it. Translation他是如何僥幸地欺騙了他的同事的？How did he get away with cheating his colleagues? 他從公司偷走了幾千美金，還居然蒙混過(guò)了關(guān)。He stole thousands of dollars from the companyand got away with it. 動(dòng)詞 get 的主要短語(yǔ)包括：get about走動(dòng)；旅行；傳開；參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)get around到處走動(dòng)；傳播出去get back回來(lái), 恢復(fù)； 找回

56、(失物等), get down(從.)下來(lái)；吞下；寫下；使沮喪get into進(jìn)入；陷入；穿上get on生活；融洽相處, 進(jìn)展；(使)前進(jìn)get out出去, 離開；逃脫, 泄露；擺脫, 出版get through到達(dá)；做完；通過(guò)；度過(guò)；打通erase (Line 26, Para. 4 of Passage 2)v. remove marks or writing so that they can no longer be seen 擦掉，抹去機(jī)密的信息已經(jīng)被從文件中刪除了。The classified information has already been erased from th

57、e document. Translation什么都無(wú)法從她記憶中抹去非洲之行的可怕經(jīng)歷。 Nothing can erase from her mind the memory of the terrible experiences in her travel to Africa. 派生名詞：eraser n. esp. AmE 橡皮，擦字橡皮；擦拭器by no means(Line 34, Para. 4 of Passage 2) not at all; definitely not 絕不，一點(diǎn)也不我們絕不會(huì)和敵人達(dá)成妥協(xié)。We will by no means come to terms

58、 with our enemy. Translation中國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)絕對(duì)不會(huì)輸給任何對(duì)手。By no means will Chinese table tennis team lose to any opponent. When you did not keep appointments, we made new ones.When you demanded free lunch, we served it.beyond the deadline 當(dāng)你們沒(méi)有遵守約定時(shí)，我們就再約時(shí)間。當(dāng)你們要不勞而獲時(shí)，我們奉手供上。超過(guò)期限 take pride in sth 因 引以為豪。Some que

59、stions suddenly popped into my mind.broaden our view我的腦子里突然冒出了一些問(wèn)題。開闊了我們的視野 Its impossible that failure leave no record.失敗不會(huì)留下任何紀(jì)錄是不可能的。No one can avoid taking exams .沒(méi)有人能逃避考試。句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換 句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換是指由于在翻譯中兩種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式的不同，造成了翻譯時(shí)需要將原文句子的成分和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整，以符合目標(biāo)語(yǔ)的表達(dá)要求。句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換的主要原因是由于翻譯中詞類的轉(zhuǎn)譯而造成的。一、英語(yǔ)的名詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞、副詞

60、，翻譯后轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闈h語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。目前，我國(guó)各地對(duì)各種消費(fèi)品的需求大大增加。There is a big increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of the country.二、英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為漢語(yǔ)的名詞，翻譯后轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闈h語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)。我們的時(shí)代是深刻政治變化的見(jiàn)證。Our age is witnessing a profound political change.三、英語(yǔ)的形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，翻譯后轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闈h語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)。閱讀教材備而不用，實(shí)驗(yàn)室閑置，這是對(duì)學(xué)校財(cái)力的嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)。Unused reading