英譯漢做題技巧剖析

1、專升本英語“英翻漢”具體技巧剖析技巧一：語詞搭配某些動詞，在漢語中只能用于人。而英語中既可以用于人，又可用于物。所以，漢譯時要符合漢語搭配。比如 see 或 witness。1949 saw the founding of the Peoples.1. Dusk found her cryingorner of this street.黃昏時，有人看見她在街上的一個拐角處哭泣。2. His name escs me for the moment.我一時記不起他的名字。技巧二：語詞的引申翻譯中的引申，指的是在語言轉(zhuǎn)換時，為適應(yīng)譯文表意或行文的需要，在原詞或詞組基本意思的基礎(chǔ)上，對詞義進行符合邏輯

2、的調(diào)整或變動。翻譯實踐中常見的有：具體化、抽象化、邏輯化引申。3. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.我前面的那輛車停住了，我錯過了可通行時間。4. Pleaset wake a sleng dog.請不要惹是生非。5.t waste time on self-congratulation; there is still work to do.不要因為沾沾自喜而浪費時間；還有工作要做呢。技巧三：語詞的增譯和省譯6. He ate and dr, for he was exhausted.他吃點東西，喝點酒，因為他疲憊了。

3、用增詞法試著翻譯：1. 累得我走不動了。2. 留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。1. It makes me so tiredt I cant walk any more.2. While/Where there is life, there is hope.7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out.她一坐下來就講開了，滔滔不絕地講個沒完。8. I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience.恨不得當著聽眾的面剝了的皮。9. The doctor put the ba

4、by in her arms. She kissed it on the forehead.醫(yī)生將嬰兒放到她懷里，吻了吻孩子的前額。A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動物。10. We had much snow last year.去年下了很多雪。11. Smoking is prohibited in public pla.公共場所，吸煙。12. Many years passed and the young man was very sucsfu in business.許多年過去了，年輕人在生意上非常成功。13. If I had known it, I

5、would nove joined in it.早知如此，我就不參加了。技巧四：語詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換14. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with spel longing.看到的噴氣式飛機，聽到隆隆的機聲，令我特別神往。15. She opened the window to let fresh air in.她打開窗子，讓新鮮空氣進來。16. Johnson was eloquent and elegantbut soft.有口才、有風(fēng)度，但很軟弱。17. The White family were religious.一家都是虔

6、誠的。18. It is chiefly characterized by its easy operation.它的主要特點是操作簡單。19. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.他倒是不抽煙，但他父親卻一支接著一支的抽。技巧五：語詞的正反替代法也就是：把正說詞從表達出來 正說反譯；把反說詞從正面表達出來 反說正譯。如：1. 正說反譯fail 沒做成deceptive 靠不住的的 insecure厭惡情緒 dislike2. 反說正譯plete殘缺的infrequent 偶爾的不到200英里within 20020. I mis

7、sed what you said because of the noise outside.由于外面的噪音，我沒聽清楚你說的話。21. We were waiting thee with impatience.焦急地等著結(jié)果。22. All articles are untouchablehe museum.博物館內(nèi)所有的展品禁止觸摸。技巧六：定語從句的翻譯就是把相對較短的定語從句翻譯為“的”，來修飾先行詞。23. These boys who wanted to play football were disappoed when it rained.這些渴望踢足球的孩子們因下雨而感到失望。

8、24. Every mascott symbolizes the Olympics is linked to the city and the country hostingthe Games.每個象征運動會的吉祥物都與奧運會舉辦城市和國家有聯(lián)系。試著翻譯2005年專升本第68題：68. If the killing continues, this wonderful animal , which took millions of years to develop,will be gone . （2005）：如果繼續(xù)捕殺，這種經(jīng)過幾百萬年進化而來的奇妙動物就會。25. “Nice” is th

9、e most overworked wordhe English language whose meaning can only bedivined by its context.分譯法前置譯法在英語里，“nice”是個用的過濫的詞，其意思只可通過上下文推測而得。26. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, who bevedt only anation of educated people could remain free.的教育事業(yè)做出了巨大貢獻。他認為只有受過教育的人民組成-對的國家才能保持。請翻譯2008年

10、第67題：67.Scientists are working on an electronic device, which could make life easier for thepeople.：科學(xué)家們正在研制一種電子裝置，它能讓人們的生活更加便捷。也就是把主句的主語或先行詞和定語從句融合起來，翻譯為一個獨立的句子。27. There are some metals whichsess theer to conducectricity and ability to bemagnetized.某些金屬既能導(dǎo)電，也能被磁化。As引導(dǎo)：先進行分譯，然后把as翻譯為“正如，像，如”等。Which

11、引導(dǎo)：先進行分譯，然后把which譯為“這，那，從而，因而”28. More American troops are being sent to the Middle East, as I have learnt from thenewspr.正如我從報紙上所了解的那樣，正派往中東。29. As is the Chicooks custom, my mother always made negative remarks about herown cooking.總是說她自己燒的菜不好，這廚師的我。特殊定語從句的翻譯融合法30. She was awarded a gold medal, whi

12、ch the whole family considered a great honor.她被授予一枚金牌，全家人都認為這是極大的榮耀。31. He likes mountaineering, which is quite a fashionable exercise.他喜愛登山，那是一項很時髦的運動。技巧七：被動句的翻譯32. A young man was shot yesterday by a man in a stocking mask.一位年輕男子昨天被一蒙面男子。33. Thy young woman was abaned by her husband.這個年輕女子被她丈夫遺棄了。

13、比如：Poets are born, but orators are made.詩人是天生的，而家是后天造就的。34. Private entrise and industry were permitted and encouraged.私人企業(yè)和工業(yè)得到了并受到鼓勵。譯為“大家，有人，人們”等。It + be + v-ed +t-clauseIt is estimatedtIs been decidedtIt must be rememberedtIt must be admittedt3.譯成漢語泛指人稱句2.變化漢語詞匯來表達被動1.譯成漢語被動句It is taken frantedt

14、It must be poed outtIt is generally consideredtIt may be said without fear of exaggerationt35. It could be arguedt the radio performs this service as well, but onevieverything is muore living, muore real.有人可能會，無線電廣播也能做到這一點，但還是電視屏幕上的生動、真實的多。36. These instruments must be handled with great care.必須操作這些

15、儀器。37. These questions should not be confused.這些問題混在一起。技巧八：其他結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯問題38. Then wibag of toys and books we walked across the gardenhe gray light of thedawn.提著一口袋玩具和書籍，在中穿過了花園。39. He was quick to use self-deprecating humor to throw anyone off the scent.為了迷惑別人，他機靈地說了些自我挖苦的笑話。40. A jeep, full, sped fast,

16、drenching me in a spray.一輛坐滿人的吉普車疾駛而過，濺了我一身水。41.t he will come to the discusis certain.他肯定會來參加的。4.譯成漢語無主句42. He doesnt know whife means to him.他不知道人生的意義。43. The boy sat down on a stone to takebble out of his shoe when he saw a strangerapproaching him.那小孩坐在石頭上正打算從鞋子里取碎石子，這時他看見一個陌生人朝他走來。44. Hardly had

17、 I got abroad when the train started.我剛上火車，車就開了。45. Here ends the diary of Dr. Watson.醫(yī)生的寫到這就結(jié)束了。醫(yī)生的就寫到這里。46. Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.當時我確實還不太懂得的意義及實際上是怎么回事。47. I juste everybody. No, not you, Phyr, but everybody else.我就是很所有人。不，不是你，我恨其他所有人。48. He realized

18、 the “subtlety” of Chinas messages, the gap betn her hot rhetoric and hercool action.了中國信息的“微妙之處”：言辭激烈，但行動遲緩。他49. (1) Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.相同的電荷相斥，不同的電荷相吸。(2) I likes English moren mathematics.我喜歡英語勝過喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。(3)he sunbeassing through the window there are fine grains of dust shinin

19、g likegold.在射入窗內(nèi)的陽光里，細微的塵埃象徑自一樣閃閃發(fā)光。(4) Like knows like.識。50. (1) He was a man of high renown.他是位有名望的人。(2) His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death.他是的惡名是死后傳開的。(3) Lao Wang keeps boastingt he has talked to theWen.總是吹噓說他曾與話。(4) “He was polite and always gave advice willingly,” she recalle

20、d.她回憶說，“他彬彬有禮，總是誨人不倦?！?1. They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution.他們談到通貨膨脹、失業(yè)、環(huán)境污染等問題。52. To him, the birds sang, the squirrel chattered and the flowers bloomed.鳥兒向他唱歌，松鼠對他嘰咕，花兒為他開放。53. He wandered abouthe chill rain, thinking and thinking, brooding and brooding .他在凄雨中蕩來蕩去，想了又想，盤算了又盤算。54. The murde