英美文化概況課件

1、British sports, festivals and holidays Popular sports in BritainThere are many popular sports in Britain, such as: football, tennis, cricket(板球, golf, horse racing, hunting, equestrianismikwestrinizm (馬術(shù)比賽), fishing. 250014 Football There are legends that suggest that games like football and rugby a

2、ctually derived from the “sport of ancient warriors celebrating victory by kicking around the decapitateddkptet 殺頭 head of an enemy. There is a similar tale about origins of bowling.: Its said that in ancient times, Scottish warriors rolled the skulls 腦袋of their enemies along the grass for sport. On

3、e writer during the era of Renaissance once described football as: “nothing but beastly fury and extreme violence. Today, violence is still associated with football. “Football hooligans, supporters of rival teams, sometimes clashes before, during and after matches and occasionally run riot through t

4、he town.“FA refers to the Football Association. the FA Cup 足協(xié)杯is the trophytrofi 獎杯，獎項(xiàng)title for a series of games played by major member teams of the Football Association. Over 20 million tickets are sold to FA games each season. The FA and the FA Cup Tennis A more gentle sport that is a sure sign t

5、hat summer has arrived is the popular game of tennis. Tennis was invented in Britain and it owes its origins, literally, to the church. Wimbledon is a suburb in London .It is the place where the worlds best players gather to complete in the annual international tennis championship. It is one of the

6、major events of the British sporting calendar and probably the most famous tennis event in the world. There are a lot of other social activities associated with “Wimbledon fortnight.兩星期During the Wimbledon Fortnight, all top tennis players take part in the competition. It is normally held between th

7、e last week of June and the first week of July.CricketCricket was one of the first team sports in Britain to have organized rules and to be played according to the same rules nationally. Before the Victorian era, and in modern Britain, people from all walks of life play cricket, but in the 19th cent

8、ury, cricket became a sport associated with the upper class. It was a kind of “snob 勢利的game played by boys who attended public schools.Cricket matches usually do not last just a few hours. They can go on for days.Golf The game of golf was invented by the Scottish and today avid vd 熱心的golfers around

9、the world dream of playing on the famous and ancient golf course at St Andrews, not far from Edinburgh.Horse Racing The true sport of British kings is not skiing or golfing, but horse racing. There are two kinds of horse racing: flat racing (無障礙賽馬and steeplechase. stipltes 越野障礙賽馬The Grand National i

10、s the worlds most famous steeplechase. Established in 1837, in recent years the Grand National has become increasingly controversial because of the dangers involved. Every year some horses (and riders too) can be injured in trying to negotiate a jump for example. Badly hurt horses are usually shot,

11、and animal lovers find it unacceptable that animals should be hurt and killed just for our enjoyment. Now the Grand National courses is designed to be difficult enough to be exciting, but not so difficult as to cause serious injuries.6.The Royal Ascot 皇家阿斯科特賽馬會It is the biggest social event associat

12、ed with horse racing. People dress up and go to show off their fashionable clothes as well to watch the races and place their bets. Women especially wear very elaborate and exotic hats. This event gets much attention from the media and the public.7. HuntingHunting is a sport enjoyed by many wealthy

13、and aristocratic families. But many animals rights groups find this an unacceptable and cruel recreation. So , people of extremistkstri:mst 偏激的人 animal rights groups, make efforts to prevent the hunt from proceeding by laying false trails to distract the dogs which track the quarry 獵物 kw:ri:, kwri:

14、and by making noise.Equestrianism 馬術(shù) Equestrianism is a horse sport involves riding skills such as show jumping and carriage krd )四輪馬車; 車輛driving, as well as speed. It is another horsy sport associated with the aristocracy. Fishing Fishing, sometimes called angling, 釣魚,釣魚術(shù)is by a long chalk the most

15、 popular participation sport in the UK. It combines sport, the tranquility and beauty of being outdoors, and sometimes the joy of being able to eat the catch! Holidays and Festivals in BritainReligious Holiday1、Christmas and its traditions Christmas is the biggest and the most popular British holida

16、y celebrated on December 25th each year to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. People usually decorate homes with evergreen plants, Christmas trees and ornaments. They also exchange gifts and Christmas cards. Three typical British traditions on Christmas are: the Christmas Pantomimepntmam 童話劇, th

17、e Queens speech over the TV and radio, and the Boxing Day.圣誕節(jié)的次日,是日應(yīng)送禮物給雇員Christmas 2、The Boxing Day節(jié)禮日 and its traditionsIt is a typical British tradition celebrated on the day after Christmas. People used to give Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on this day. And now they mostly

18、do shopping, pay visits, enjoy eating or just relax.3、Easter 復(fù)活節(jié) This festival occurs in the spring, which commemorates the crucifixionkru:sfkn受難 and resurrectionrezrekn 復(fù)活 of Jesus Christ. It is the most important Christian festival for many church-goers. The Easter egg, originally a Christian symb

19、ol of new life, is the main symbol of Easter for most people. Rabbits and chicks小雞 are also animals traditionally associated with Easter. Non-Christian festivals and holidays4、Ramadan齋月rmdn, rmdn It is a traditional Islamic izlmik伊斯蘭festival, a fast which lasts 29 days during which nothing can be ea

20、ten or drunk between dawn and nightfall, and ends with a festival.二、National Holidays Trooping the Color 每年女王生日之際在白金漢宮前舉行的盛大檢閱慶?；顒覫t is an official celebration for the Queens Birthday on the second Saturday in June around Buckingham Palace in London. This ceremony of the Queen inspecting her troops

21、derives from old military traditions in which regimental redimentl團(tuán)flags were paraded before the monarch. Early in Victorias reign, it was decided that this ceremony should be held on the sovereigns birthday. British diplomats abroad will often have a special party or event to celebrate the Queens b

22、irthday.Halloween and the traditions It is a Scottish festival celebrated on 31 October each year. Communion with the dead, mischief, fortune-telling and masquerades mskred 假面舞會are common practices. Some of the other customs are “turnipt:np 蘿卜lanterns for children and girls using magic spells to see

23、 into the future.HalloweenExercisesThe origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. T2. Tennis is usually regarded as a winter and spring sport. F3. The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. T4. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F5. Chr

24、istmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that are particularly British. T6. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. F1. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?A football B tennis C basketball D cricket2. Which of the following is not

25、true about football in Britain?A millions of people attend the FA games each season.B “football hooligans sometimes have violent clashes.C it was invented by the Scottish people.D it was once described as “beastly violent.3. Where is the international tennis championships held?A WembleyB WimbledonC LondonD Edinburgh4. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal fam