《英語語音基礎(chǔ)教程》課件節(jié)奏（3-4課時）

1、Rhythm節(jié)奏Period 3-41.Let him go.2.Where do you come from?Read the following sentences correctly.The concept of rhythm英語語流中聲音的輕重、緩急、長短按一定的規(guī)律自然結(jié)合，形成英語語言的節(jié)奏。The features of rhythm units and rhythm patterns節(jié)奏單位是以一個重讀音節(jié)為中心，在意義上和語法上緊密聯(lián)系的幾個音節(jié)的組合。它有以下幾個特點(diǎn)：每個節(jié)奏單位包含有且僅有一個重讀音節(jié)，其余為非重讀音節(jié)；不論它包含多少個非重讀音節(jié)，朗讀每個節(jié)奏單位所花的

2、時間大致相同，為了使每個節(jié)單位的時間大致相等，我們不得不把非重讀音節(jié)讀得更快些；一般來說，節(jié)奏單位之間存在短暫的停頓。節(jié)律模式:在每個節(jié)奏單位中，重讀音節(jié)占用完整一拍的時間，用“O”表示；而每個非重讀音節(jié)僅占半拍或半拍不到的時間，用“o”表示，He asked me to help him.O O o o O oI must nish my work tonight.o o O o o O o OIts not the one I borrowed from you.o O o o o O o o oThe types of rhythm節(jié)奏類型是根據(jù)音節(jié)，而不是根據(jù)我們所熟悉的單詞劃分的，所

3、以在朗讀的過程中需要注意音節(jié)的劃分。朗讀和說話時重讀音節(jié)要讀得重些、長些、慢些，非重讀音節(jié)則要讀得輕些、短些、快些。常見的節(jié)奏類型有：Sense Group1). The concept and of sense group一個句子可以按照意義和語法結(jié)構(gòu)分成幾個部分，每一個部分稱為一個意群。從語義和語法上講，意群必須是表達(dá)某種意義的一個（組）詞、一個短語、一個分句、一個主句或者從句。從語調(diào)上說，意群必須是可以用降調(diào)、升調(diào)或平調(diào)來朗讀的一個語調(diào)單位。2)The division of sense group意群在句子中具有語義、語法和語調(diào)三種特征。因此，正確劃分意群是準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵。我們可用“|

4、”來劃分句子的意群。 After school，| my classmates and I | are going to play basketball|放學(xué)后，我和我的同學(xué)們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球。 根據(jù)語義劃分意群，e.g.Im free.She told me | she has changed her idea.Yesterday | he went to America | by air.Now | I wonder | if he can help me | when Im in trouble. 根據(jù)句中語法關(guān)系劃分意群Gas group凡是一口氣能說完或者讀完的一個句子或句子一大部分的稱為一

5、個氣群。一個氣群通常包括若干個意群，說話或者朗讀時氣長的人可念完一個很長的句子而不停頓，但最短的氣群不得少于一個意群。氣群用“”表示，如：1.Both my brother and I | are fond of tennis. 2.Which is bigger, | an elephant | or a tiger? 3.He read a great deal, | and made full notes | while he read. 4.If you had the choice of all the places in the world, | where would you c

6、hoose to spend our wedding anniversary? The function and the rules of pause停頓主要是為了使發(fā)音更清晰、強(qiáng)調(diào)或者只是要緩口氣。語音的停頓不是隨意出現(xiàn)的，是與意群密切相關(guān)的。停頓可以出現(xiàn)在意群中。當(dāng)一個群體和下一個群體在語法上聯(lián)系不是很緊密的時候，就可以有稍稍的停頓了。這個稍稍的停頓通常用單豎線“|”標(biāo)記，比較長的停頓則用雙豎線“”。1）由表停頓的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號如：“，”“”“ ；”等隔開的部分，e.g.She is reading, | but her mother is singing.I went to the baske

7、tball court; I was told it was closed for cleaning.Im too tired; I cant stay awake any longer.When winter comes, | it gets colder and colder, | and the days get shorter and shorter.In the morning, | the boy goes to school early.Sometimes he was late,| because his mother was in poor health.2）根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)劃分

8、的意群，e.g.An apple a day | keeps the doctor away.He laughs best | who laughs last.They live in that large house | on the other side | of the bridge.A snow-white swan | swam swiftly | to catch a slowly-swimming snake | in a lake.PracticeWhy not?Spring is good.I think so.He wants to swim.Let me help you

9、.Say it again.He gave me a book.I hope youll like it.Read the following sentences rhythmically.Beg your pardon, please.How about a tea?The news is true for Tom.His son can go to school.He doesnt like his son.He helps me do my homework.The girl is writing letters, too.My mother is teaching Chinese at

10、 school.My father is reading an interesting book.Read the following passage correctly, rhythmically and fluently.How much wood | would a woodchuck chuck | if a woodchuck | could chuck wood?A wood chuck | would chuck all the wood | a woodchuck could chuck | if awoodchuck could chuck wood.How many coo

11、kies | could a good cook cook | if a good cook | could cook cookies?A good cook | could cook | as much cookies |as a good cook | who could cook cookies.Homework(1)There once was a man | who had a sister.His name was Mr. Fister. Mr. Fisters sister sold sea shells | by the sea shore.Mr. Fister | didnt

12、 sell sea shells;he sold silk sheets.Mr. Fister told his sister |that he sold six silk sheets to six shieks.The sister of Mr. Fister said | she sold six shells to six shieks too! Read the two passages correctly, rhythmically and fluently（2） Once | two hunters went hunting | in the forest.One of them | suddenly fell down | by accident.He showed the whites of his eyes | and seemed to have ceased breathing.The other hunter | soon took out his mobile phone | to call the emergency center | for help.The operator said cal