科技英語動詞的翻譯課件

1、動詞的翻譯the driving wheel-the driven wheel主動輪從動輪a changing compound 變化著的化合物a changed compound起了變化的化合物Boiling water 沸水Moving parts 運動件Driving force驅動力謂語動詞的一般譯法一、直譯Nuclear energy assumed a particularly important role after the Second World War.核能在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后擔當起特別重要的角色。The force of gravity extends throughout

2、 space.引力擴展到整個宇宙。二、引申Rubber is not hard; it gives way to pressure.橡膠不硬，遇到壓力它就會變形。When the ore is reduced to 60 mesh, it is more compatible to flotation.這種礦石磨碎到60網(wǎng)目以下時就比較適合浮選。三、轉譯1.轉譯為漢語名詞Within seconds the meter needle should read zero.在幾秒鐘內(nèi)，表針的讀數(shù)應為零。An electric current varies directly as the electr

3、omotive force and inversely as the resistance.電流的變化與電動勢成正比，與電阻成反比。A pipeline across the desert may cost as much as 80,000 per mile.穿越沙漠的輸油管道，造價高達每英里八萬英鎊。The article aims at discussing recent trends in naval gun design.本文的目的是討論艦炮設計的新趨勢。Boiling point is defined as the temperature at which the vapor pr

4、essure is equal to the atmospheric pressure.沸點的定義就是汽壓等于大氣壓時的溫度。2、轉譯為形容詞Light waves differ in frequency just as sound waves do.同聲波一樣，光波也有不同的頻率。 The range of the spectrum in which heat is radiated mostly lies within the infrared portion.輻射熱的光譜段大部分位于紅外區(qū)。3轉譯為副詞 The methyl group on the benzene ring great

5、ly facilitates the nitration of toluene.苯環(huán)上的甲基使甲苯非常易于硝化。The molecules continue to stay close together, but do not continue to retain a regular fixed arrangement.分子仍然緊密地聚集在一起，但不再繼續(xù)保持有規(guī)則的固定排列形式。四、省譯In absolute terms, the consumption of solar energy has remained remarkably constant until the present ti

6、me.就絕對數(shù)字而言，到目前為止太陽能耗用量都異常穩(wěn)定。Radar involves transmitting electromagnetic waves of very short wave length.雷達發(fā)射的是波長非常短的電磁波。五、重復一個動詞接幾個賓語，這是英語中常見的語言現(xiàn)象。但在英漢兩種語言中由于詞的搭配習慣不同，英語中的一個動詞在漢語中往往因為賓語的不同而譯成多個動詞。 The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mou

7、ntains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead.初雪飄零，真美??！它整日整夜地飄著，飄到山嶺上，落到草地上，停在生者的屋頂上，息在逝者的墓冢上。He no longer dreamed of storms, nor of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength. 他不再夢見風暴、驚人的遭遇、大魚、搏斗和角力。他不再夢見風暴，不再夢見驚人的遭遇，也不再夢見大魚、搏斗和角力。 The

8、 lasers will be capable of destroying planes and missiles within seconds of their being launched.這些激光器能夠在飛機起飛和導彈發(fā)射后的幾秒鐘內(nèi)將它們摧毀。六、增譯在操作規(guī)程、使用說明書一類的英文資料中，經(jīng)常有一些以inspect, check, examine, signal等動詞作謂語的句子，翻譯這些句子時，一般要在這些動詞后添加“是否”、“有無”等詞，才符合漢語的表達習慣。Inspect the instrument carefully for damage when removing it

9、from the protective container.從包裝箱中取出儀器時，請仔細檢查有無損壞之處。 Light on the front of the instrument is signaling the operator that the controller is in the right operation.儀表面板上的指示燈可向操作者顯示出控制器的工作是否正常。Voltage testers should be checked for correct functioning before use.在使用測壓器之前，應檢查其功能是否正常。科技英語中常用的祈使語氣，有時需要加詞譯

10、出才能反映出建議、指示或勸告的意義。Do not leave dead batteries in the battery-box as this may cause malfunction.注意不要將廢電池留在電池盒內(nèi)，以免引起故障。Should the instrument show any signs of damage, file a claim with the carrier immediately.如果儀器有損壞現(xiàn)象，請立即向承運者提出索賠要求。Be very careful when you take antibiotics.使用抗菌素時， 請務必當心。科技英語中還有一些用動詞原形開頭的句子，它們并不表示祈使語氣，只是一種習慣表達方式，往往含有條件意味，翻譯時要視情況加詞。Bring a charged ebonite rod near a light ob