新概念三冊Lesson38(共46張)課件

1、 Lesson 38 The first calendarcalendar n.歷法，日歷陽歷solar calendar陰歷 lunar calendarwall calendar掛歷臺歷 desk calendar電子日歷 electric calendarhistorian n.歷史學(xué)家historic adj.有歷史意義的- This is a historic speech.historical adj.與歷史研究有關(guān)系的historical research 歷史研究unique adj.無與倫比的，獨(dú)一無二（本身具有比較意義，不能接受比較級，可以接受quite,nearly,su

2、rely,really ，不能接受rather,very等詞的修飾）-I am quite unique person.【辨】1）special adj. 注重性質(zhì)特殊special gift 特別的禮物2）especial adj.強(qiáng)調(diào)超過其它全部- This is a matter of especial importance.=This is a especially important matter.3）particular adj.特定的-Pineapples have particular flavor.steadily adv.不斷地-He always study steadi

3、ly.steady adj.穩(wěn)固的steady on 小心！別急！keep her steady 把定，航向不變，照直走（用在航海中）solely adv.唯一地sole adj.單獨(dú)的，唯一的-他唯一的謀生之道就是務(wù)農(nóng)。-Farming is his sole livelihood. video n.錄像，視頻 adj.視頻的video camera 攝像機(jī)videotape 錄像帶videophone 可視電話video conference 視頻會(huì)議audio adj. 音頻的，聲音的CD-ROM n. (只讀）光盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器（Compact Disc Read - Only Memory）

4、CD n.激光唱片，光碟機(jī)（Compact Disc）bewilder v.令人眼花繚亂（confuse,especially by lots of different things at the same time）-She was bewildered by so many beautiful dresses.bewilderment n.in bewilderment 茫然不知所措【辨】1）puzzle （某問題因復(fù)雜、微妙而令人費(fèi)解，既可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。）- I am puzzled by the problem.2）perplex 難以理解（包含焦慮不安，不知如何解決的意

5、思）,多用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。- He is perplexed for the answer.deduce v.（determine or decide sth by given fact）推斷，推理（有充分的證據(jù)和準(zhǔn)則而得出結(jié)論）- I deduce the conclusion from the given facts. (deducefrom 從推斷)deduction n.演繹deductive adj.推論的，演繹的同：infer v.推斷（不表示過程, 也不表示結(jié)論是否有充足的理由）-What can you infer from the text? scanty a.（ too few

6、,not enough）不足的，貧乏的scanty knowledge一知半解a scanty crop歉收be scanty of sth奇缺 / be short of 短缺-The village school is scanty of text books.同：be want of 需要 in need of 需要clue n.線索某事的線索clue to sth. -Can you tell me the clue to what happened?提供線索 offer a cluea vital clue 重要的線索news clue 新聞線索writing clue 寫作線索in

7、significant adj.不重要的significant 重要的=important 重要的（unimportant）shed v.使流出，瀉;發(fā)散，脫落流血 shed blood bloodshed殺戮流淚 shed tearswatershed 分水嶺，轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)shed light on 啟發(fā). 啟迪-My teacher shed light on this problem.advent （ coming or arrival）出現(xiàn)，到來，來臨（經(jīng)常與the 搭配，指節(jié)氣，重要事情的到來，來臨。） 在冬天到來的時(shí)候at the advent of winter自從的到來 since

8、the advent of agriculture n.農(nóng)業(yè)工業(yè) industry重工業(yè) heavy industry輕工業(yè) light industry服務(wù)業(yè) service industry sunrise industry 朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)商業(yè) business/trade/commerceassumption n.假定，設(shè)想-The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions. assume v.假定，認(rèn)為；承擔(dān)-I assumed you can speak French fluently. -I made a mistake and I

9、 will assume responsibility for it. dot n.小圓點(diǎn)on the dot 準(zhǔn)時(shí)地（=punctually）-他很守時(shí)，總是按時(shí)到。-Hes very punctual and always arrives on the dot. symbol n.符號，象征symbol for 代表.的符號status symbol 身份象征symbol of .的象征-圣誕樹可能是最為人們所熟知的圣誕節(jié)的象征。-The Christmas tree is perhaps the most recognizable symbol of the holiday.symbol

10、ic adj. 符號的，象征的symbolize v.用符號表示，象征engrave v. 雕刻，使銘記engrave.on 在.雕刻.engrave with sth. 雕刻上.-She got a ring which was engraved with her name.ivory n.象牙制品象牙塔 ivory tower ivory carving象牙雕刻artificial ivory人造象牙correlate v.使相互聯(lián)系與.相關(guān)、關(guān)聯(lián)correlate with/to-貧窮也許與壽命短有關(guān)。-Poverty may correlate with a shorter life

11、expectancy.relate 與.有聯(lián)系（relate with）phase n.月相，天相；階段，時(shí)期in phase 按階段地-我們會(huì)按階段地學(xué)習(xí)新概念英語。-We will study NCE in phase.混：phraseprimitive adj.原始的；粗糙的，簡陋的原始社會(huì) primitive society原始文明 primitive culture原始人 primitive people（原始民族）-The conditions are primitive by any standards.-這些條件以任何標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量都是簡陋的。depict v. 描繪，描畫（=des

12、cribe）depict.as 把.描繪成-The writer depicted a soldier as a herodepiction n.描寫，敘述詞根pict相當(dāng)于paint:picture 照片 pictograph 象形文字Text：(L3) Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times. They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of ev

13、idence that steadily accumulates.(L3)select v.選擇 adj.精選的；優(yōu)等的；第一流的Select from-We will select three candidates from so many people.The selected入圍，被選上Select peaches 上等的桃子Selective adj. 選擇的Selection n.（L3）mass n.團(tuán)；塊；眾多；群眾，民眾adj.大量的A mass of 大量的A mass of hot air 一團(tuán)熱空氣Mass media大眾傳媒 mass culture 大眾文化Massi

14、ve adj.巨大的Text：（L4）What is more they will not have to rely solely on the written word. rely on=Depend on= count onText：（L5）Films, gramophone records, and magnetic tapes will provide them with a bewildering amount of information. They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action.Text：（L5）Bu

15、t the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task. He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.Text：（L8） Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man. shed light on=reveal=cast light on

16、/ throw light onText：（L10） Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect. （L10）come in

17、to being =come into existence“come into”come into power上臺，當(dāng)權(quán) come into use開始使用 Text：（L13） Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusk of mammoths. （L13）puzzle v.使迷惑；使苦思；n.智力測驗(yàn)；謎；難題，令人費(fèi)解的事或人對迷惑不解be ed about 苦思puzzle overpuz

18、zle out苦苦思索而弄清楚jigsaw puzzle拼圖玩具crossword puzzle填字游戲（縱橫字謎）Text：（L14）The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age, which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C. By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able

19、 to read this difficult code. Text：（L16）They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, in fact, a, primitive type of calendar. It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls were not simply a form of artistic expression. Text：（L19）T

20、hey had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing. It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them. （L21）accompany v.陪伴，陪同；和一起發(fā)生；為伴奏，伴唱 a guest with/ by-I must ask you to with me to my house.-I

21、was ied by her.-Lightning usually accompanies thunder.-閃電通常伴有雷聲。Accompanying adj.陪伴的，伴隨的Accompanist n.伴奏者Text：（L21）It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.未來的歷史學(xué)家在寫我們這一段歷史的時(shí)候會(huì)別具一格。對于逐漸積累起來的龐大材料，他們幾乎不知道選取哪些好，而且，也不必完全依賴文字材料。電影、錄像、光盤和光盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器只是能為他們提供令人眼花繚亂的大量信息的幾種手段。他們能夠身臨其境般地觀看我們做事，傾聽我們講話。但是，歷史學(xué)家企圖重現(xiàn)遙遠(yuǎn)的過去可是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，他們必須根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的不充分的線索進(jìn)行推理。即使看起來微不足道的遺物，也可能揭示人類早期歷史的一些有趣的內(nèi)容。 歷史學(xué)家迄今認(rèn)為日歷是隨農(nóng)業(yè)的問世而出現(xiàn)的，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)人們面臨著了解四季的實(shí)際需要，但近期科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，好像這種假設(shè)是不正確的。 長期以來，歷史學(xué)家一直對雕刻在墻壁上、骨頭上、古代長毛象的象牙上的點(diǎn)、線和形形色色的符號感到困惑不解。這些痕跡是游牧人留下的，他們生活在從公元前約35，000年到公元前10