月lecture-8美歐已經(jīng)分道揚(yáng)鑣

1、Lecture2019/8/10Cicireview1 美歐已經(jīng)分道揚(yáng)鑣。The United States and Europe have parted ways2.因為失戀他每天爛醉如泥。He is so wasted every day because of breaking up with his girlfriend.3.所以這項研究讓我想知道，改變你對壓力的看法會讓你變得更健康嗎？So this study got me wondering can changing how you think about stress make you healthiercontentPart 1

2、 : native expressionsPart 2 : dictation & practicePart 3 : culture pointsPart 1 ：native expression1. jump the gun跳槍？正解不經(jīng)考慮）過早行動E.g.他們剛認(rèn)識不久，現(xiàn)在就談婚論嫁是不是為時過早？Theyve only just met,isnt it jumping the gun to be talking about marriage already?Part 1：native expression2. whats the catch？抓什么？正解：有什么貓膩？E.g.我已經(jīng)了

3、解產(chǎn)品的好處了，現(xiàn)在想知道它有什么缺點(diǎn)？Ive already known the advantages of this product,whats the catch?Part 1 ：native expression3. in the market of something某物在市場上？正解： 有買到它的興趣E.g.如果你最近在物色一份新工作，那這可能是個不錯的選擇。If youre in the market for a new job,this might be a good choice.Part 1 ：native expression4. get wind of sth某物的風(fēng)？

4、正解：聽到風(fēng)聲（某事還被當(dāng)做秘密時）E.g.假如他們聽到風(fēng)聲，知道我們在搞什么，我們就很被動了If they get wind of what we are doing,well then be in a very passive position.Part 1 ：native expression5. wing it翅膀?正解：臨陣磨槍；即興表演E.g.事到如今已經(jīng)來不及了，只能硬著頭皮上了。Its too late to get it well-prepared,we have to wing it.Part 1 ：native expression6.Shake in ones shoe

5、s在鞋里搖晃？正解：嚇得發(fā)抖e.g.對手的強(qiáng)大讓我瑟瑟發(fā)抖。I shake in my shoes because of how powerful my opponent is.Part 1 ：native expression7.fill ones shoes川某人的鞋？正解接替某人的位置；令人滿意地替代E.g.很明顯，公司里沒人能取代他的位置。Its obvious that no one can fill his shoes in the companyPart 1 ：native expression8. Be in ones shoes在某人的鞋里？正解：如果我是XXXe.g.如果我

6、是你的話，我肯定不會輕信他人。If I were in your shoes,I would not be so credulous.Part 1 ：native expression9.wait for dead mens shoes等待死人的鞋？正解：繼承遺產(chǎn)；接替職位E.g.他只是等著繼承遺產(chǎn)。He is just waiting for dead mens shoes.Part 1 ：native expression10.knock ones socks off敲掉某人的襪子？正解：嘆為觀止E.g. 黃果樹瀑布的景色令我嘆為觀止。The sight of Huangguoshu wa

7、terfall really knocks my socks off.Part 1 ：native expression11.put a sock in it放只襪子進(jìn)去？正解：小點(diǎn)聲;住口E.g.別說了，這種無聊的笑話我真的聽膩了。Put a sock in it! Im really tired of these kinds of silly jokes.Part 1 ：native expression12. under ones belt腰帶下？正解：經(jīng)歷過；已獲得某物E.g.看過世界，最美的風(fēng)景依舊在這里。Having been to many places under my bel

8、t,the most beautiful scenery is still here.Part 2:dictation Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureBut what if you viewed them instead as signs that your body was energized was preparing you to meet this challenge但是若將這些現(xiàn)象當(dāng)成身體活力充足的象征，準(zhǔn)備好迎接挑戰(zhàn)，又怎樣呢？Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureNow tha

9、t is exactly what participants were told in a study conducted in Harvard University在哈佛大學(xué)進(jìn)行的一項研究中，他們就是這樣告訴受試者的Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureBefore they went through the social stress test,they were told to rethink their stress responses as helpful在社會壓力測驗之前，他們被告知要將壓力反應(yīng)作為助力Part 2:dictation

10、 make friends with pressureThat pounding heart is preparing for action,if youre breathing fast,its no problem,its getting more oxygen to your brain心砰砰跳是為了做好準(zhǔn)備，呼吸急促也沒有問題，那是為了讓你的大腦得到更多氧氣Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureAnd participants who learned to view their stress responses as helpful fo

11、r their performance , well they were less stressed out less anxious and more confident那些受試者中，把壓力作為助力的人，他們更少有壓力，焦慮，反而更自信Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureBut the most fascinating finding to me was how their physical response has changed但是最令我著迷的是，是他們生理上壓力反應(yīng)改變的方式Part 2:dictation make friends w

12、ith pressureNow in a typical stress response,your heart rate goes up,and your blood vessels constrict like this現(xiàn)在一種典型的壓力反應(yīng)是你的心率提升，血管收縮，Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureAnd This is one of the reasons that chronic stress sometimes is associated with cardiovascular disease,its not really heal

13、thy to be in this state all the time.原因之一是長期壓力有時與心血管疾病相關(guān)，總是如此對健康不是好事Part 2:dictation make friends with pressureBut in the study when participants viewed their stress responses as helpful,their blood vessel stayed relaxed like this但是這項研究中，被試者將壓力反應(yīng)視為有益，他們的血管就會像這樣放松Part 2:dictation make friends with pr

14、essureTheir heart still pounding,but this is a much healthier cardiovascular profile,it actually looks a lot like what happens in moments of joy and courage心臟仍然砰砰跳。但是這是更健康的心血管的亞子，事實上看起來更像感到興奮和鼓起勇氣的亞子Part 3：cultural pointsPart 3:culture pointsthe U.S.-Europe DividePart of the reason is the enormous s

15、hift in the balance of power. The gap between the United States and Europe opened wide as a result of World War II and has grown wider in the past decade十年.Americas unparalleled無比的 military strength has predictably可預(yù)言地 given it a greater propensity傾向 to use force and a more confident belief in the m

16、oral legitimacy合法性 of power.Part 3:culture pointsthe U.S.-Europe DivideEuropes relative weakness has produced an aversion厭惡 to force as a tool of international relations. Europeans today, like American 200 years ago, seek a world where strength doesnt matter so much, where unilateral單邊的 by commonly

17、agreed rules of behavior. For many Europeans, progress toward such as a world is more important than eliminating消除 the threat posed by Saddam Hussein.Part 3:culture pointsthe U.S.-Europe DivideFor Americans, the Hobbesian world is not so frightening. Unilateralism is naturally more attractive to tho

18、se with the capacity to act unilaterally. And international law constrains限制 strong nations more than it does the weak. Because of the disparity不一致 of power, Americans and Europeans even view threats differently.A person armed only with a knife may decide that a bear prowling徘徊 the forest is a tolerable danger trying to kill the bear is risker than lying low and hoping the bear never attacks.Part 3:culture pointsthe