必學(xué)2Module3語法時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)語從句和過去完成時(shí)學(xué)案

1、 . . 7/7Book 2 Module 3musicGrammar 1adverbial clause of time &the past perfect tenseLearning targetsKnowledge targetTo get Ss to know the grammar rules of the past perfect tense.2.To help Ss know how to use adverbial clause of time and the past perfect tenseAbility targetPractice using adverbial cl

2、ause of time and the past perfect tenseEmotion targetStudents should find studying grammar useful for life. Learning preparation In the United States, there were 222 people _1_ (report) to be billionaires(億萬富翁) in 2003. The _2_ of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money

3、_3_ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old _4_ he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire _5_ the time he was 31. _6_, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even _7_ (young) ages. Other young people who have struck it rich

4、include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. _8_ of these child actors made over a million dollars _9_ (act) in movies before they were 14. But _10_ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited (繼承) a billion dollars when he turned 18! . Learning proceduresStep

5、 1. Self-observation and exploration. Step 2 Self-observation and exploration. Task1 常見的連接時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞有哪些？_.Task 2. choose the proper link words when, while, as to fill in the blanks. _she pressed the button, the lift stopped. _ it is wet, the buses are crowded. _ we lived in town, we often went to th

6、e theatre. They danced _ they sang. _ they were in London, they visited a lot of museums. _ he was in college, he made many friends. _ it grew darker, it became colder. _ she came to know him better, she relied on him before.Grammar1 (adverbial clause of time時(shí)間狀語從句) 狀語從句的概念：狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的狀語。狀語從句有“時(shí)間、

7、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、方式、讓步、比較狀語從句”（9種）。When he was young, Mozart had a lot of musical talent.（時(shí)間狀語從句） 時(shí)間狀語從句 主句He got up so earlythat he could catch up with the first bus.（目的狀語從句）主句 目的狀語從句Task 3. The rules of the adverbial clause of time時(shí)間狀語從句：when, while, as 用法區(qū)別1. “當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，when, while, as都有“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”的意思，但用法卻有

8、所不同（1）when 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，這時(shí)，那時(shí)a. when既可引導(dǎo)_性動(dòng)詞（時(shí)間點(diǎn)），又可引導(dǎo)_性動(dòng)詞（一段時(shí)間） （用when時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作可與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先于主句的動(dòng)作，因此when用得最多。）When we reached home, it was getting dark. （_動(dòng)詞） When we arrived in Beijing, it was raining. （_動(dòng)詞）When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. （_動(dòng)詞）。b. when 還有“這時(shí)”，“那時(shí)”的意思，常用于下列句型：

9、Somebody was doing something when 某人正在做 突然 I was doing my homework when Li Ming called me last night.昨晚我正在寫作業(yè)時(shí)明給我打。I was reading English when my teacher came in.我正在讀英語，這時(shí)老師進(jìn)來了。Somebody was about to do something when 某人正要做 突然 I was about to talk in the classroom when the teacher came in.我剛要在教室里講話老師就進(jìn)

10、來了。Somebody had just done something when 某人剛剛干了這時(shí) I had just made the mistake when the teacher came in. 我剛犯了錯(cuò)老師就進(jìn)來了。（2）while當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，在過程中，而，然而a. while只能引導(dǎo)_性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)，（用while時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作或者與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或者主句的動(dòng)作是在從句的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生的。）While she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.當(dāng)她在打時(shí)，我正在寫信。（make為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）（從句的動(dòng)作與主

11、句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）While we were dancing, a stranger came in. 當(dāng)我們跳舞時(shí)，一位陌生人走了進(jìn)來。（dance為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）（主句的動(dòng)作是在從句的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生的）Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。（is為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)） b. while還可表示強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比關(guān)系，可譯成“然而，而”（并列連詞）She is tall while I am short. While I was studying English, he was playing computer games.（3）as當(dāng)時(shí)候，一邊一邊，一

12、面一面；隨著 as引導(dǎo)_性動(dòng)詞，多用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)伴隨Kate read the book as she went along.凱特邊走邊讀書。As he grew older, Beethoven became deaf.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)貝多芬的耳朵失聰了。 *2. 其他引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的詞或短語：before（在之前）, after（在之后）, as soon as;immediately; directly; the moment; the minute; no sooner than; hardly/scarcelywhen; once（表示“一.就.”）till; un

13、til; notuntil 直到才.；since自從.到現(xiàn)在為止；by the time到為止；Every time每次; each time每次； next time下一次；the first time第一次；any time; 任何時(shí)候；all the time總是Self-promotion: EX.1 Fill in the proper conjunctions.It wont be long _ he finishes his writing._ he (had) finished his work, he left there. It is (has been) two year

14、s _ he came here.He will not go to bed _ his mother comes.It is _his mother comes home that he will go to bed. (強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)）_ she got home, she began to cook. _ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.There was applause _ she appeared on the stage.Ex 2 Translate these sentences into English1. 他從學(xué)校回來時(shí)，他媽媽正在燒

15、飯。_他在看書時(shí)，他的妻子一直在燒飯。_我奶奶一邊刷牙一邊唱歌。_我們正要?jiǎng)由恚@時(shí)天突然下雨了。_你喜歡踢足球而我喜歡彈鋼琴。_隨著時(shí)間的推移，我們都漸漸長(zhǎng)大了。_Choose the best answer1.Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although2. It is about ten years _ I met you last.A. since B. for C. when D. as3. _ we got to the station, the train had l

16、eft already.A. IfB. UnlessC. SinceD. When4. We didnt go home _ we finished the work.A. since B. untilC. because D. though5 Ill stay here _ everyone else comes back.A. even if B. as thoughC. because D. until6. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how.A. until B. unless C. when D. before7. _ I

17、 catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A. Every time B. ThoughC. Even D. Where8. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. WithB. Since C. While D. As9.What was the party like? Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. whenC. before D. since10. It was not _ she took off her dark

18、glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; thatB. until; thatC. until; when D. when; then Grammar 2The Past Perfect Tense.Self-observation and exploration. Complete the following sentences:By last year they _ ( learn ) 2,000 words.When I came to GZ , he _ (be) there for a long time. Be

19、fore they arrived here the film _ already _ (start). Annie told me that his father _ ( go ) to Paris and he _ ( come ) back in a few days.My friend _ (buy) the car two years ago. He _ (buy) it for two years.Self-cooperationThe rules of the past perfect tense 過去完成時(shí)：1. 肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞had+done（動(dòng)詞過去分詞） 否定結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)

20、詞had not/hadnt+done用法：表示過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作（過去的過去），或過去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)到那個(gè)那時(shí)的動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作 1. After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the US.2. Before they visited India, they had recorded seven albums. 3. By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words. after+_, + _. before+_,

21、 + _. by the time+_, + _.a. 過去完成時(shí)常與以下詞（after在之后，before在之前，by the time到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?，since自從，when 當(dāng)時(shí)候，等）引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用 By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words.They hadnt finished their work when I arrived at the office.b. 過去完成時(shí)常與以下介詞短語（by 到為止，for，before，since等+過去時(shí)間）連用By the end of last year, we had lear

22、ned 700 hundred English words.用在 It was the first/second/thirdtime that”句型中在此句型中，主句用了一般過去時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句要用過去完成時(shí)。This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 這是39年里他們第一次見面。It was the first time we had spoken together. 這是我們第一次在一起說話。intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等動(dòng)詞的

23、過去完成時(shí)可以表示一個(gè)本來打算做而沒有做的事, 這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的設(shè)想、意圖或希望等，含有某種惋惜。I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本來昨天打算要去看你，但我來了個(gè)不速之客。We had meant to tell her the news but found that she wasnt in.我們本想把這個(gè)消息告訴她的，但發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在家。過去完成時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)有“hardly, scarcely, barely when, no sooner than等副詞的句子里。

24、She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.他剛睡下鈴就響了。No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded.他們剛剛離開大樓，一顆炸彈就爆炸了。Step 3 Self-promotion Task 1. Choose the best answer1He asked me _ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had goneC. where had I been D. where had I g

25、one2. What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked4 She said she _ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen5.

26、She said her family _ themselves _ the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with6. By the time he was ten years old, he _.A. has completed university B. has completed the universityC. had completed an university D. had completed university7. S

27、he had written a number of books _ the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at8. He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.Task 2. Fill in the blanks When she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick, who had been swim

28、ming for nearly sixteen hours, saw nothing but thick fog(霧). Although she was the first woman _1_ had swum the English Channel in both directions, she made up _2_ mind to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island to the California coast. _3_ sea looked like an ice bath and the fog was so thick that she could hardly see her support boats. Alongside Florenc