2022年河南護(hù)理職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年河南護(hù)理職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not

2、 know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題答案可從本段的最后一句話中找出。

3、第2題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題對應(yīng)的語句為：the one most nearly like it is the English gam

4、e of cricket，因此是正確的。第3題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個(gè)非常友好

5、的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個(gè)友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第4題【單選題】【2009.01】Children have a natural_about the world around them. A、certainty B、capability C、cleverness D、curiosity【正確答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子們對他們周圍的事物有著天然的好奇心?？疾槊~詞義選擇。A 確定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聰穎；D 好奇心，求知欲。 第5題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Postu

6、re. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. A、If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of comm

7、unication using body movements or gestures. C、Body language differs from culture to culture. D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段講的是身體姿勢。填充句后一個(gè)句子提到“this”會使呼吸更加困難，this顯然指的是一種不太好的身體姿勢，因此本題答案為A。第6題【單選題】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencie

8、s in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查關(guān)于set的短語。contacting housing agencies：聯(lián)系房屋中介。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選set about。set about：開始做某事。set down：放下，擱下；記下，記載，寫下。set out：出發(fā)，開始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建立（事業(yè)）；成立（組織）；為某人提供必需品或有用的東西。 第7題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a perso

9、n by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there w

10、ill be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should _. A、change your

11、decision B、blame your parents for it C、stick to your decision and go on D、make more friends【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者認(rèn)為你出國后可能會面臨各種困難，面對周圍的陌生人、工作，你可能會感到孤獨(dú)，但是仔細(xì)想想這個(gè)決定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后繼續(xù)。第9題【單選題】【2009.0

12、4】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home. A、occasionally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義辨析。譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。詳細(xì)解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常；B 相對地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全地。第10題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you

13、meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people

14、keep them close to their bodies. B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased. D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正確答案】A【答案解析

15、】本題可以采用線索詞來定位?？崭裉幍那昂髢蓚€(gè)句子都是對arms在具體情況下具體動作的描述。那么用以補(bǔ)充的句子也應(yīng)是如此，即選項(xiàng)A開朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的動作，符合條件。第11題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個(gè)提案與手頭上的問題根本無關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無關(guān)。第12題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although the researchers have

16、 only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size o

17、f a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第13題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing resu

18、lts. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.

19、 C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正確答案】A【答案解析】這個(gè)問題可以根據(jù)引號來作答，因?yàn)榭崭窈竺嬗小皊ays”這個(gè)詞，它預(yù)示著所填入的句子應(yīng)該是帶引號的。A的意思是：這些是比較新的也是比較好的模型。第14題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The farm is set right next to

20、 a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦納）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “C

21、atch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a ce

22、rtain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)所考關(guān)鍵詞chief迅速鎖定本段介紹chief的內(nèi)容。每個(gè)村莊都會有一個(gè)自己的首領(lǐng)，而每個(gè)首領(lǐng)都擁有一定量的土地。第15題【單選題】【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago.

23、These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in Literature B、Origins of Science Fiction C、The Theme of Science Fiction D、Sc

24、ience Fiction Has a Short History【正確答案】B【答案解析】從第一段話可以看出這段文字介紹了科普小說的起源。因此選擇B。第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on

25、the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because _. A、resources on land are running short in ten years B、man can use it to explore the deeper sea C、it is a lot of fun diving into the sea D、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea ye

26、t to be developed by mans technology are impressive，人類利用技術(shù)可以開發(fā)的海洋資源是驚人的。段末說到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor. 然而，大量有價(jià)值的礦物均還埋藏于海底。如鐵，銅等等。其他三項(xiàng)都沒有提到。第17題【單選題】【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, b

27、ut its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in Liter

28、ature B、Origins of Science Fiction C、The Theme of Science Fiction D、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正確答案】B【答案解析】從第一段話可以看出這段文字介紹了科普小說的起源。因此選擇B。第18題【單選題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。call off：取

29、消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第19題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separation B、cooperation C、correspondence D、communication【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】盡管已經(jīng)分別了幾十年，這兩兄弟都是立刻認(rèn)出了對方?！驹囶}分析】詞匯題?！驹敿?xì)解答】名詞的詞義選取

30、。第20題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result

31、of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gils

32、on has lung cancer.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應(yīng)首選對此煙加以定義的句子。第21題【單選題】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good

33、manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is

34、 only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country. D、I

35、n all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正確答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句話是對前面的一個(gè)總結(jié)，道出了本段的主題。因此選擇C。第22題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: “In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you

36、think.” Today, not too far off Nixons deadline, America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US. A、True B、False C、Not Giv

37、en【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。問題句說“迄今為止在美國沒有一個(gè)女人曾經(jīng)被選舉為總統(tǒng)”。本段說的是“1969年，美國總統(tǒng)Richard Nixon 很有信心地預(yù)測：在下一個(gè)50年里，我們將會看見一個(gè)女總統(tǒng)，這或許比你想象的更快些。今天距離Nixon總統(tǒng)給出的最終期限已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了，美國人現(xiàn)在正關(guān)注這可能性”。相鄰語句的句意相關(guān)，顯然，定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu)“the possibility”指答案相關(guān)句中提到的“可能出現(xiàn)美國女總統(tǒng)”。從該句中可以推斷出“從1969年到現(xiàn)在為止，美國還沒有出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)”。因此問題句提供了正確信息。第23題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】“Geochemists just want a

38、n intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be

39、 good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學(xué)的Albert Galy的原話，我們可以從引導(dǎo)整個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)得出答案。即：“地學(xué)化學(xué)家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對學(xué)生們有好處”。第24題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、i

40、n case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 這個(gè)房間很安靜，除了偶爾從我喉嚨里發(fā)出的咳嗽聲以外。 A 以免、以防萬一 B 除了以外 C 到目前為止 D 代替、而不是第25題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear

41、in mind 或者keep in mind第26題【單選題】【2009.10】As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on _ rather than punishment. A、criticism B、intimidation C、persuasion D、scolding【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 關(guān)于家庭教育，鼓勵(lì)父母們依靠說服而不是懲罰孩子。 A 批評、指責(zé) B 恐嚇、威脅 C 說服、勸服 D 責(zé)罵、斥責(zé)第27題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The smoke that comes from

42、 a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 3

43、5 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過去對二手煙的看法

44、，接下來應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點(diǎn)的句子，因?yàn)橄乱痪浔砻魉麄兯值挠^點(diǎn)已與過去截然不同。第28題【單選題】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達(dá)晚了。第29題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the pro

45、perty is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦納）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discu

46、ssed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting

47、 each week【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)所考關(guān)鍵詞chief迅速鎖定本段介紹chief的內(nèi)容。每個(gè)村莊都會有一個(gè)自己的首領(lǐng)，而每個(gè)首領(lǐng)都擁有一定量的土地。第30題【單選題】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, i

48、t appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad m

49、anners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from cou

50、ntry to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正確答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句話是對前面的一個(gè)總結(jié)，道出了本段的主題。因此選擇C。第31題【單選題】【2009.01】I was writing a report last night;_I would not have stayed up late. A、however B、otherwise C、therefore D、furthermore【正確答案

51、】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我昨天晚上寫一個(gè)報(bào)告，否則我就不會熬夜了。A 然而，不過；B 否則，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。 第32題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went t

52、o bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.You are advised to read something before you _. A、find the topic sentences B、find out the new words C、keep reading fast D、go to bed every day【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的醫(yī)生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分鐘讀點(diǎn)東西，那已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣。所以本題說“在你干什么之前，建議你讀點(diǎn)東西”，從選項(xiàng)中看只有 D 項(xiàng)合適。第33題【單選題】【2009.04】It

53、 is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時(shí)候召開還沒有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個(gè)；C 什么時(shí)候；D （無詞義）。第34題【單選題】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、moderate B、initial C、distinct D、advanced【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文

54、】專家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)正常的睡眠可以分為五個(gè)不同的階段?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞匯?！驹敿?xì)解答】形容詞的詞義選取。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal soc

55、ieties the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The

56、 society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is _. A、to control violence within a society B、to protect the world from

57、 chaos C、to free society from the idea of revenge D、to give the government absolute power【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句話The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是本題的答案。第36題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D

58、、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第37題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a

59、circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，

60、而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第38題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第39題【單選題