教學(xué)課件·實(shí)用物流專業(yè)英語

1、實(shí) 用 物 流 專 業(yè) 英 語An Introduction to Business LogisticsPart IDefinition of Business LogisticsPart IISample CommunicationsPart IIIPractical ReadingsPart IDefinition of Business Logistics對(duì)許多人來說，當(dāng)“七個(gè)正確 ( Seven Rights) ” 提供了物流的一個(gè)良好的功能定義時(shí)，往往會(huì)涉及到哪些內(nèi)容呢？其實(shí)，“七個(gè)正確 ( Seven Rights) ”表明：一名物流師的工作就是要確保將正確數(shù)量的正確產(chǎn)品在正確的時(shí)

2、間內(nèi)和正確的條件下以正確的價(jià)格在正確的地點(diǎn)送到正確的客戶手中。物流還可以簡練地表述為：“物流的意意思是在正確的地點(diǎn)、正確的時(shí)間得到正確的東西。”For many people, what is often referred to as the “Seven Rights” provides a good working definition of logistics. The “Seven Rights” states that the logisticians job is to ensure the availability of the right product at the righ

3、t time in the right quantity in the right condition at the right place for the right customer at the right cost. Logistics can also be briefly described like this: Logistics means having the right thing, at the right place, at the right time.Part IDefinition of Business LogisticsBusiness logistics r

4、efers to a group of related activities all involved in the movement and storage of products and information-from the sources of raw materials through to final consumers and beyond recycling and disposal. Business logistics is a relatively new term and concept in modern business vocabulary; its origi

5、ns can be traced back to World War II when the ability to mobilize personnel and material was critical to the outcome of the war.商業(yè)物流設(shè)計(jì)一些列有關(guān)的活動(dòng)，所有這些活動(dòng)都發(fā)生在產(chǎn)品的搬移、倉儲(chǔ)以及通過最終客戶來自于原料資源的信息，而且遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了回收和廢品處理的概念。相對(duì)來說，商業(yè)物流在現(xiàn)代商業(yè)詞匯里是一個(gè)新術(shù)語、新概念，其源頭可追溯到第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，那時(shí)人員和補(bǔ)給的轉(zhuǎn)移能力對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)果起著至關(guān)重要的作用。Part IDefinition of Business L

6、ogisticsIn the 1960s and 1970s the terms physical distribution, distribution, materials management, and physical supply were common. Physical distribution and distribution refer to the outbound flow of goods from the end of the production process to the consumer; physical supply and materials manage

7、ment refer to the inbound flow of material to the production process. As the importance of coordinating the entire flow of material from the raw materials to the end consumer became recognized, the term business logistics became widely used to reflect the broadening of the concept. Today, the term s

8、upply chain management is coming into use to reflect the importance of forming alliances and partnerships to streamline the flow of materials. Business logistics remains the dominant, all-encompassing term for this important concept at this time.二十世紀(jì)六十至其實(shí)年代，像物流、配送、物料管理和物資供應(yīng)之類的術(shù)語很普遍了。物流和配送涉及到產(chǎn)品從生產(chǎn)流程末

9、端到用戶手里的向外運(yùn)輸過程；物資供應(yīng)和物料管理涉及到物料由內(nèi)向生產(chǎn)流程方向的流動(dòng)。當(dāng)協(xié)調(diào)從原材料向產(chǎn)品的最終用戶整個(gè)物流過程的重要性被人們所公認(rèn)，商業(yè)物流這個(gè)術(shù)語被廣泛使用，來反映物流概念的拓展。當(dāng)今，供應(yīng)鏈管理這個(gè)術(shù)語正付儲(chǔ)使用，以反映組建聯(lián)盟和合作伙伴關(guān)系，使物流稱為流水線的重要性。在這個(gè)時(shí)代，商業(yè)物流仍然占有統(tǒng)治地位，這一重要概念已成為包羅萬象的術(shù)語。Part IDefinition of Business LogisticsAlthough these definitions refer primarily to managing the flow of goods, business

10、logistics is also important in service organizations. It is important to recognize that all firms produce both goods and services, some more of one than the other, that all firms purchase supplies and that all must meet or exceed customer expectations.雖然這些基本概念涉及到物流管理，但是商業(yè)物流在服務(wù)性組織里仍然很重要。重要的是認(rèn)識(shí)到，所有企業(yè)都

11、提供商品和服務(wù)，而有些企業(yè)比其他企業(yè)能提供更多的商品和服務(wù);所有的企業(yè)都購買供應(yīng)品和必須滿足或超越顧客的期望。Part IDefinition of Business LogisticsTo the organization, business logistics is important in several ways. First, business logistics provides an opportunity for the firm to create a sustainable competitive advantage for itself by designing a sy

12、stem which fulfills customersneeds better than the competition. For example, the firm could offer faster, more accurate, and more consistent order filling and delivery than competitors are capable of providing. Secondly, due to its complexity, a superior logistics system is a proprietary asset that

13、cannot be easily duplicated. Many firms have begun to view business logistics as an effective competitive weapon. (Source: )對(duì)于組織而言，在一些方面商業(yè)物流很重要。首先，商業(yè)物流給貿(mào)易公司本身創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)，這一優(yōu)勢(shì)是由公司自己設(shè)計(jì)的管理系統(tǒng)最大限度地滿足用戶需要，而不是要加劇競爭來實(shí)現(xiàn)。例如，公司能比那些有能力提供的競爭對(duì)手更快地、更精確地、更具持續(xù)性地提供訂單和配送服務(wù)。其次，由于物流本身的復(fù)雜性，一個(gè)高級(jí)的物流系統(tǒng)就是資產(chǎn)所有權(quán)的實(shí)體，是不可能被輕易復(fù)制的

14、。許多公司已經(jīng)開始考慮將商業(yè)物流作為一件有效的競爭武器。(來源于:www. )Part IDefinition of Business LogisticsGlobal operations increase logistics cost and complexity. Estimated 1997 logistics cost for industrialized nations exceeded $5 trillion, or 13.4 percent of estimated global Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ).In terms of complex

15、ity, global operations，in contrast to domestic , are characterized by increased uncertainty and decreased ability to control. Uncertainty results from greater distances, longer lead times, and decreased market knowledge. Decreased ability to control results from the extensive use of international se

16、rvice firms coupled with potential government intervention in such areas as customs requirements and trade restrictions.These unique complicate development of an efficient and effective global supply chain strategy. Fortunately, there are forces that both drive and facilitate globalization and neces

17、sitate borderless logistics operations. (Source: Donald J. Bowersox, David J. Closs, M. Bixby Cooper. Supply Chain Logistics Management Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.)Part IDefinition of Business LogisticsPart IISample CommunicationsA: Hello, Mr. Smith.B:Hi, Ellen. Whats up?A:Mr.

18、Smith, could you tell me what biz logistics means?B:Oh, yes, you know what the word biz means? It is a short form of business. And the phrase biz logistics means business logistics.A: What is the difference between logistics and biz Logistics?B:You know these two concepts have the same meanings, but

19、 logistics is general. And then biz logistics stresses specific term on a trade or business. The former includes a few of definitions, such as military definition, business definition. The latter includes several components, including the procurement, maintenance, distribution and replacement of per

20、sonnel and material.Part IISample CommunicationsA:Wow, it is very complicated, isnt it?B:Not so! Let us put emphasis on the Biz Definition. It is defined as a business-planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows.A:Is that all?B:It includes the increasing

21、ly complex information, communication and control systems required in today s business environment. Do you think it is important or not?A : Yes, it is !Part IISample CommunicationsWhat does logistics mean?1How many components of logistics does the dialogue include?2In a few words, what is the differ

22、ence between logistics and biz logistics?3Logistics means to supply the right product at the right time in the right quantity in the right condition at the right place for the right customer at the right price.It includes the procurement, maintainance, distribution and replacement of personnel and m

23、aterial.These two concepts are the same meanings. Logistics is general meaning and includes military definition and business definition. Business logistics stresses special term on a trade or business.Part IISample CommunicationsA:Hello, Jimmy.B:Hi, John.A:Why are you in such a hurry?B:Going to the

24、library to search for some information. Oh, by the way, could you give me some advice on logistics, please?A: No problem! Logistics is responsible for the movement of products from your vendors right through to the delivery at your customers door, including movement through manufacturing facilities,

25、 warehouses, third-parties, such as repackage or distributor. Its more than shipping, receiving, traffic or warehousing.Part IISample CommunicationsB:Would you explain what the key issues for logistics effectiveness are?A:OK, there are five key issues actually. They are movement of products, movemen

26、t of information, time/service, cost and integration.B:Can you describe their contents in general?A:Well, they are more than I tell you. You can search in the library or on Internet for the five key issues for logistics effectiveness.B:Thank you indeed. I have learned a lot from you. See you later.A

27、: See you!Part IISample Communications1. Oral Practice:2. Team work:Practice the above dialogue with your partner until you can learn the lines by heart.Make up a dialogue according to the following situation and practice it withpartner.Situation: Mary is a clerk in a logistics company. Now she is t

28、alking with her customer, Mr. Smith, about the “Seven Rights” f the logistics definition.Part IISample CommunicationsOffice furniture maker Herman Miller has created a new unit, Miller SQA, that provides an excellent example of value net design. Miller SQA, like its parent, makes office furniture, b

29、ut with a twist. Its product and the entire furniture buying experienceare designed to be simple, quick, and affordable(hence SQA).The clarity of Miller SQAs vision, the value net design just described, and itsexemplary execution have been hugely successful. Orders are being shipped 99.6 percent on

30、time and complete. Profitability is excellent, and sales are growing at 25 percent a year.Part IISample CommunicationsOffice furniture maker Herman Miller has created a new unit, Miller SQA, that provides an excellent example of value net design. Miller SQA, like its parent, makes office furniture,

31、but with a twist. Its product and the entire furniture buying experienceare designed to be simple, quick, and affordable(hence SQA).The clarity of Miller SQAs vision, the value net design just described, and itsexemplary execution have been hugely successful. Orders are being shipped 99.6 percent on

32、 time and complete. Profitability is excellent, and sales are growing at 25 percent a year.SQA is not alone. Our interviews with more than 30 companies confirm that the value net concept is spreading. Some of the best examples we see are new, often Internet-based, companies that enjoy the luxury of

33、creating their business designs on a clean slate. Others, like SQA, introduce the new concepts into a single division of a large corporation. But even entire enterprises with established supply chains can adopt a value net design to good effect. (Source: David Bovet and Joseph Martha, Value Nets (Ne

34、w York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000), pp. 8-9)Part IISample CommunicationsPart IIIPractical ReadingsAlthough there are various definitions of different types of Business Logistics Management, such as, Logistics is the science of planning and implementing the acquisition and use of the resources ne

35、cessary to sustain the operation of a system (Quote from ECRC University of Scranton/Defense Logistics Agency). The procurement, maintenance, distribution, and replacement of personnel and material.” (Quote from Websters Dictionary); Logistics for business concept is bound to be a business-planning

36、framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows. It includes the increasingly, complex information, communication and control systems required in todays business environment.Part IIIPractical ReadingsThe management of the goods flow and storage process between the po

37、int of origin of raw materials and the point where the materials are converted into finished goods is known as materials management (also called inbound logistics).The management of the flow and storage of finished goods between the final point of manufacture and the point of consumption is known as

38、 physical distribution management (also called outbound logistics). Return goods handling and waste disposal together form reverse logistics. Inbound logistics, outbound logistics and reverse logistics are collectively known as business logistics, or logistics management. The two terms are often use

39、d interchangeably.Part IIIPractical Readings Business logistics involves the following activities: selection and design, procurement, materials handling, forecasting, packaging, facility site warehouse management, inventory management, order processing, logistics communications, transport, reverse l

40、ogistics(including return goods handling and waste disposal), and customer service. Let us now have a look at how logistics works. Of importance is a dynamic balancebetween the minute details and the main elements involved in a product. The role of logistics is to maintain that balance. Once the fir

41、m realizes the importance of logistics, it is necessary that the firm make full and efficient use of logistics. The first step is to create a buyer value for the customer and a strategic value for the firm.Part IIIPractical ReadingsThe customer is the most important asset of a company. It drives the

42、 entire supply chain including manufacturing, marketing and logistics. Hence it is important for a firm to have a clear understanding of what the customer demands and to keep up with the customers expectations. Once a company has a clear understanding of its customers requirements, it must devise a

43、strategy on how to use logistics to achieve it. This means that the company has to have a clear understanding or assessment of companys strategicdirection.(Source: JJ Vogt, WJ Pienaar, PWC de Wit. Business Logistics Management. University Press)Part IIIPractical ReadingsPart IIIPractical ReadingsPar

44、t IIIPractical Readingsbusiness-planning framework商業(yè)規(guī)劃結(jié)構(gòu)business environment經(jīng)營環(huán)境physical distribution (PD)產(chǎn)品配送;物資配送reverse logistics逆向物流;反向物流return goods handling退貨處理waste disposal(環(huán)境)廢物處理;廢料處理a dynamic balance動(dòng)態(tài)平衡Part IIIPractical ReadingsPart IIIPractical Readings1.What is business logistics?2.Wha

45、t are the activities included in business logistics?I. Answer the following questions:Business logistics means to be defined as a business-planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows.Business logistics involves the following activities: demand forecastin

46、g, procurement, materials handling, packaging, warehouse and inventory management, ordering processing, logistics communications, transport, customer service and so on.Part IIIPractical Readings3.How does business logistics work?I. Answer the following questions:The role of logistics is to maintain

47、the balance between the minute details and the main elements involved in a product.Part IIIPractical Readings1. various definitions of different types for business logistics management2. use of the resources necessaryII. Translate the following English expressions into Chinese:商務(wù)物流管理有不同版本的不同定義必要資源的利

48、用Part IIIPractical Readings3. return goods handling4. replacement of personnel and materialII. Translate the following English expressions into Chinese:逆向貨物的搬運(yùn)人員和材料的補(bǔ)充Part IIIPractical Readings5. complex information6. todays business environmentII. Translate the following English expressions into Ch

49、inese:復(fù)雜信息現(xiàn)代的商業(yè)環(huán)境Part IIIPractical Readings7. demand forecasting8. facility site selectionII. Translate the following English expressions into Chinese:需求預(yù)測設(shè)施場地選擇Part IIIPractical Readings9. the most important fortune for a company10. assessment of companys strategic directionII. Translate the follow

50、ing English expressions into Chinese:公司最重要的財(cái)富公司戰(zhàn)略抉擇走勢(shì)評(píng)定Part IIIPractical ReadingsIII. Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary. Nearly all the _ of logistic can be briefly described like this: “Logistics means having the right thing, at the ri

51、ght place, at the right time.” At its _, logistics deals with satisfying the customer. This implies that management must first understand what those requirements are before a logistics _ can be developed and implemented to meet them. As will be discussed in more detail later, customer _ is the most

52、important _ of an organizations logistics system. This focus on customer satisfaction will be emphasized through the text just as it should be in the firm.serviceheartoutputstrategydefinitionsdefinitionsheartoutputservicestrategyPart IIIPractical ReadingsIV. Translate the following sentences into Ch

53、inese:1. This broader view of logistics integrates into a single supply chain that links the customer with all aspects of the firm.2. The concept of benefits is a multifaceted one that goes beyond the product or service itself to include issues regarding timing, quantity, supporting services, locati

54、on, and cost.這一非常寬廣的物流觀點(diǎn)把單一的供應(yīng)鏈與貿(mào)易公司的方方面面整合在一起。收益的概念是一個(gè)多層面的，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不只是產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)本身所包含的，而涉及物流準(zhǔn)時(shí)、貨物數(shù)量、支撐服務(wù)、地點(diǎn)選擇和運(yùn)輸成本。Part IIIPractical ReadingsIV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:3. If this material cannot be used to produce other products, it must be disposed of in some manner.4. In other words,

55、 they are much more concerned with the flow of finished goods from the end of the production line to the customer.如果這種材料不能用來生產(chǎn)其它產(chǎn)品，它將肯定被以同樣的方式被丟掉。換種說法，他們對(duì)生產(chǎn)線末端成品到顧客手里物流更多的關(guān)注。Part IIIPractical ReadingsIV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:5. In addition, the move away from local sourcing

56、 in favor of global buying has complicated this entire process significantly in recent years.另外，這些年來，以當(dāng)?shù)刭Y源而獲得全球資源的購買使得整個(gè)過程更加復(fù)雜了。Part IIIPractical ReadingsThe Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP), a professional organization for Logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM), defines

57、 logistics to be:Logistics Management is the part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point to the point of consumption in order to meet customersrequirements. Wi

58、th this process there are key logistics activities that facilitate the above flows. They are:Part IIIPractical Readings Customer services: Ensuring the right things is at the right place and at the right time; Demand Forecasting & Planning: Determining the quantity to be ordered;Inventory Management

59、: Balancing inventory levels to achieve high customer service levels; Communication Technology: Linking suppliers to customer demand patterns to facilitate Just In Time (JIT) product replenishment;Communication Technology: Minimizing the movement of raw materials, work inprocess and finished goods;O

60、rder Processing: Using E-commerce to facilitate information exchanges;Purchasing: Selecting the best supplier to meet quality requirements; Transportation: Selecting the best mode of transportation (air, rail, water or truck); Warehousing: Locating and designing facilities to meet customer service l