英語閱讀理解專練——細節(jié)理解題 (3)

1、英語閱讀理解專練細節(jié)理解題解題思路與應試技巧細節(jié)題是針對文中某個細節(jié)、某句話或某部分具體內(nèi)容設(shè)置問題，正確答案的根據(jù)一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改寫往往成為正確選項。通常細節(jié)題的正確選項有以下特征：1、對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進行替換。2、詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。3、語言簡化。4、正話反說。干擾項也是以文章中的某個細節(jié)設(shè)題，若不仔細辨別，很容易把它當成正確選項。干擾項有以下特征：1、將原文內(nèi)容擴大或縮小。2、把未然當已然。3、無中生有。4、偷換概念。5、文不對題。下面結(jié)合最新高考試題，對細節(jié)題的不同類型加以解讀。鞏固練習：（A）Mostpeoplewhoenjoymoviesdonotreallyc

2、arehowtheyaremade.Theyjustwanttoenjoyagoodstory.MovieproduceranddirectorGeorgeLucaswantspeopletoseethebestmademovies.So,hislatestmovieStarWarswasmadewithoutusingfilm.StarWarswasmadeusingdigitalcameras.Adigitalcameradoesnotusetraditionalfilm.Itcapturesimagesonvideotape.Theimagesrecordedonvideotapeare

3、theplacedinacomputer.GeorgeLucassaysthatusingdigitalcameraspermitshimtohavemuchmorecontroloverthefinalproduct.Forexample,theimagecanbechangedafteritisplacedinacomputer.Anexpertcanchangecolor,addortakeoutobjects,addpeopleorbeingswhoarenotreal.MuchofwhatisseeninthenewmovieStarWarsisnotreal.Hugebuildin

4、gs,spacecraftandalienbeingsfromotherworldswereproducedinacomputer.Movieexpertssaydigitaltechnologyistherealfutureofthemotionpictureindustry.Atheaterwillnolongerhavetowaitdaysorweekstoshowanewmovie.Theaterswillbeabletoreceivecopiesofnewmoviesbylinkingcomputers.Ortheywillusesmallcomputerdiskstogetacop

5、yofthemovie.WhenthenewmovieStarWarswasreleasedlastmonth,only94theatersaroundtheworldhadthedigitalequipmentneededtoshowit.SoMr.Lucascompanyproducedabout6,000copiesofthenewdigitalmovieontraditionalfilmforreleaseinmosttheaters.However,mostpeoplewhohaveseenthemoviesaythesefilmcopiesareofmuchbetterqualit

6、ythanotherfilmedmovies.Criticssaythenewdigitaltechnologyisverycostly.Manytheaterownerswillnotbuythenewtechnology,yetmanyofthepeoplewhoworkedonthenewmovieStarWarssaytheywouldnotliketoworkwithfilmagain.Theysaidusingdigitalequipmentwasfaster,andvideotapeismuchlesscostlythanfilm.Onecameramansaidthedirec

7、torofamoviecanimmediatelyseewhatwasjustrecorded,somethingimpossibletodowithfilm.1.AccordingtoGeorgeLucas,whatmakesthebestmademoviespossible?A.Agoodstory.B.Film.C.Digitalcameras.D.Videotape.2.WhichisNOTtruefortherealfutureofthemotionpictureindustry,accordingtomovieexperts?A.Linkingcomputersforcopieso

8、fnewmovies.B.Showingfilmedmoviesintheaters.C.Usingsmallcomputerdiskstogetacopyofthemovie.D.Havingthedigitalequipmentneededtoshowthemovie.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichistrueaboutthenewmovieStarWars?A.Thereareabout6,000copiesofthenewdigitalmovie.B.Ithasbeenshowninonly94theatersaroundtheworld.C.Itisthe

9、bestamongfilmedmovies.D.Itistheproductofthenewdigitaltechnology.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantagesofthenewdigitalmovie?A.Thedirectorcanhavetheobjectsandpeopleaddedortakenout.B.Itwillbemoreconvenientfortheaterstogetsuchkindofnewmovies.C.Peopleallagreethatthenewdigitalmoviesarelesscostlythanthefi

10、lmedmovies.1D.Thedirectorcanmonitortherecordingandcheckwhatwasrecordedjustnow.（B）AstheUSwakesuptoChinasrisingstatusasaneconomicandstrategiccompetitor,USparentsareurgingtheirchildrentolearnChinese,reportsJulianBorger.TheUSisbeingsweptbyarushtolearnMandarinfromwealthyNewYorkmothershiringChinesenannies

11、（保姆）fortheirsmallchildrentoadefencedepartmenteducationprojectinOregon.TheforcesdrivingMandarinsmomentum（勢頭）areparentalambitionforchildrenfacingafutureinwhichChinaisalmostcertaintobeamajorplayer,andthegovernmentisworriedaboutthatAmericamaygetleftbehindinthatnewworld.Thebottleneckisthesupplyofteachers

12、.Mandarininstructorsaredifficulttoimportanddifficulttotrain.TherearevisaproblemsinbringingoverteachersfromChinabutthebiggestbarrieriscultural.TeachinginAsiaisgenerallydonebyroteandthechangetowestern,interactivestylesofinstructioncanbealargeleap.Ontheotherhand,itrequiresenormousfirmnessforwesternerst

13、olearnalanguagelikeChinese,withitsthousandsofwrittencharacters.AccordingtotheAsiaSocietyinNewYork,allofAmericasteacher-traininginstitutionsturnoutonlyacoupleofdozenhomegrownMandarinteachers.OnewaytoeasetheshortageistofindnativeMandarinspeakersandusefast-trackmethodstotrainthem.However,themajorityofC

14、hinese-AmericansgrewupspeakingCantonese,thedialectspokeninHongKong,wheretheirparentscamefrom.ManyarethemselvessigningonasMandarinstudentsattheprivatelanguageschoolsspringinguponthewestcoast.1.WhyareUSparentssoeagertomaketheirchildrenlearnMandarin?A.Theyareurgedbythegovernmenttodoso.B.Theyareafraidto

15、beleftbehindbyotherparents.C.TheybelieveChinawillplayamajorroleinthefutureworld.D.TheyarejustcarriedawaybyMandarinsmomentum.2.Theunderlinedword“rote”inthe4thparagraphprobablyreferstoateachingpatternwhich.A.focusesonmemoryworkB.allowsthestudentstothinkindependentlyC.iscenteredoninteractiveskillsD.put

16、smuchemphasisonexaminations3.WhatisthemainproblemintheMandarinsmomentumintheUS?A.Thelackofqualifiedteachers.B.Theculturalbarrierbetweentheeastandwest.C.TheAmericanslackoffirmness.D.ThemanywrittenChinesecharacters.（C）TheNewYorker1Year,46IssuesCoverPrice:$194.70YourPrice:$46.00AboutTheNewYorker:TheNew

17、Yorkeristheeclecticmagazineforreadersinterestedinthearts,currentevents,andculture.TheNewYorkerincludesarticlesondomesticandinternationalnews,exploringcurrentideasandtrends,plussports,fashion,andentertainmentevents.Inaddition,TheNewYorkeriswellknownforpublishingoutstandingshortfictionandcartoonswitha

18、nironictwist.Playboy1Year,12IssuesCoverPrice:$72.88YourPrice:$15.96AboutPlayboy:Playboyisamagazineofliterature,politicalthought,sports,commentaryandhumor.AlthoughPlayboyis2mostwellknownforitspictorialsofbeautifulwomen,itisalsohighlyregardedforitsinterviewsandfictionwriting.Playboyincludesregularfeat

19、urearticlesonfinance,sports,entertainment,self-improvement,technology,andpsychology.Youmustbe18oroldertoorderPlayboy.Nickelodeon1Year,10IssuesCoverPrice:$39.90YourPrice:$19.97AboutNickelodeon:Nickelodeonisfilledwithwonderfulentertainmentforchildren.Itiswholesome,imaginative,andtrulyfromachildspointo

20、fview.Nickelodeonseestheworldfromyourchildsperspective,whereitsfuntolaughtothinktodotolearn.Sharetheaward-winningentertainmentandhumormagazinefromNickelodeonwithyourkids.Lucky1Year,12IssuesCoverPrice:$35.40YourPrice:$15.00AboutLucky:Luckyistheultimateshoppingmagazinewiththebestlooks,thebestbuys,andt

21、hebesttrendsbeforetheyhitthestores.Butwhatmakesreallyuniqueisallthedetailedinformationyoullgetonhowtopurchasethemerchandiseyoullfind.Luckyprovidesyouwith800numbers,websiteaddresses,andmoretomakeyourshoppingexperienceeasyandconvenient!Luckyisyourone-stopshoppingguidetoallthegreatestnewproductsonthema

22、rket.Whatsmore,itprovideswonderfulentertainmentforwomen.1.Whichmagazinegivesbuyersthelargestpriceadvantageinpercentage?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky2.Ifyouareahousewife,whichmagazinewillyouprobablybuy?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky3.Ifyouareaskedtochooseamagazineforalittle

23、boy,whichonedoyouthinkissuitable?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky4.Whatinformationiscontainedinallthefourmagazines?A.SportsB.NewsC.EntertainmentD.Trends5.Foreachissue,whichmagazineisthecheapestaccordingtotheadvertisement?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky（D）Happinesspaysoff,studi

24、esshow.Psychologistsseekingtherealsecretsofhappinessreportthatveryhappypeopletendtobemoreextrovertedandagreeablethanlesshappypeople.“Ourfindingssuggestthatveryhappypeoplehaverichandsatisfyingsocialrelationshipsandspendlittletimealonerelativetoaveragepeople,”writepsychologistsEdDienerandMartinE.P.Sel

25、igmaninthejournalPsychologicalScience.Solidsocialrelationshipsdonotpromisehappiness,buttheyareanimportantcontributingfactor.Theveryhappypeoplewhomtheauthorsstudiedallsaidtheyhadgoodqualitysocialrelationships.However,theauthorswrite,thereisnosinglekeytohighhappiness.“Highhappinessseemstobelikebeautif

26、ulsymphonic（交響樂）musicincludingmanyinstruments,withoutanyonebeingenoughforthebeautifulquality.”Dienerregardshappinessas“subjective(主觀的)well-being”inotherwords,thepersonevaluates（評估）hisorherownqualityoflife.Thequestiontoaskis,“Ismylifegoingwell，accordingtothestandardsI3choosetouse?”Iftheansweris“yes”,

27、thenthatpersonisjudgedtobehappy.Becausepeopleevaluatetheirlivesbasedonhappiness，“subjectivewell-beingisveryimportant.Thoughnecessary,itisnotenoughforhavingagoodlife.Subjectivewell-being“seemsquitenecessaryforthegoodsociety,althoughitisnotenoughforthatsocietybecausethereareotherthingswealsovalueandwo

28、uldwantinsuchaplace,”saysDiener.Cansubjectivewell-beingbemeasuredscientifically?Dienerpointsoutthreepartscontributingtohappiness:pleasantemotionsandmoods,lackofnegativeemotionsandmoods,andsatisfactionjudgment,towhichotherfactorsincludingcheerfulnessandfeelingsoffulfillmentmaybeadded.Thereisnomagicfo

29、rmula（公式）forhappiness.Dienersuggestsstepsyoucantaketoensureyouareashappyasyoucanbe.Surroundingyourselfwithgoodfriendsandfamilypeoplewhocareaboutyouandwhomyoucareaboutisastart.Joininginactivitiesyouenjoyandvalueisalsoimportant;whetheritsworkorplay,keepingbusyinanenvironmentenjoyabletoyouwillcontribut

30、emuchtoyoursubjectivewell-being.Inaddition,ahealthyoutlookisnecessary.1.Theunderlinedword“extroverted”probablymeans_.A.pleasantandsocialB.hard-workingandactiveC.carefulandshyD.warm-heartedandhelpful2.Happinessandsymphonicmusicarecommoninthat_.A.theyarebothsomethingbeautifulB.theybothmakepeoplefeelpl

31、easedC.theybothdependonmorethanonefactorD.theyarebothhardtoachieve3.AccordingtoDiener,apersoncanbejudgedtobehappywhenhe_.A.hasrichsocialrelationshipsB.spendsmoretimewithotherpeopleC.livesaqualitylifeD.thinkshislifeisgoingwellaccordingtothestandardshechoosestouse4.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtocomponentscontributingtohappiness?A.Pleasantmoods.B.Negativ