2020人教版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)和同步練習(xí) Unit3

1、人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及同步練習(xí)Unit3Coudyoupleasecleanyourroom?一、單元重點(diǎn)短語1.workon從事，忙于2.haveatest考試3.foldonesclothes疊衣服4.dothechores做雜務(wù)5.getaride搭車6.washthecar刷車7.dothedishes洗餐具8.useonescomputer使用某人的電腦9.gotothestore去商店10.workon從事，忙于11.workat學(xué)習(xí)、致力于12.dothelaundry=dosomewashing=washclothes洗衣服13.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾1

2、4.makebreakfast/makedinner=dosomecooking做飯15.invitesb.todosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事16.makeonesbed鋪床17.sweepthefloor清掃地板二、單元基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.Couldyouplease?意為“你能嗎”，could在此不表示過去，而是表示委婉的語氣，please后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形Couldyoupleasetellmethewaytotthebusstop?以could開頭的表示請(qǐng)求的問句，其肯定回答可以用“Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly.”等，也可以用“主語+can/may”，不能用“主語+could”；

3、否定回答可以用“Sorry”并給出理由，也可以用“主語+cant/mustnt”,不能用“主語+couldnt”Couldyoupleaseclosethedoor?Sure/Ofcourse/Certainly.Sorry,Icant.Iambusynow請(qǐng)求的幾種表達(dá)形式：1)Wouldyoupleasedo?2)Wouldyouminddoing?3)ShallI/we?2.makeones/thebed_3.動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞ing的幾個(gè)用法practicedoing練習(xí)enjoydoing享受keepdoing保持avoiddoing避免minddoing介意suggestdoing建議4

4、.(at)anyminute(now)很快；馬上Hurryup!Hellbebackanyminutenow.5.beangry_sb因某人而憤怒beangry_sth因某事而憤怒6.throwthrowaway扔掉；丟棄：Ineverthrowclothesawaythrowsthto投給（善意）throwsthat投打（惡意）7.theminute（that）=assoonas“一就”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句Iwanttoseehimtheminutehearrives=Ieon快點(diǎn)；加油cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實(shí)comeover順便來訪comeout出來；出版9.replytosb/sth

5、對(duì)某人/某物做出回答或反應(yīng)replyanswerreply做及物動(dòng)詞，后接that從句或直接引語；做不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟介Herepliedthathe詞to才能接名詞或代詞做賓語answer常做及物動(dòng)詞，還可以表示接聽（電話）或應(yīng)答門鈴等，但reply不能這樣用wouldcomeAlittlegirlansweredthedoor.10.allthetime頻繁；反復(fù),常常位于句末，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行或發(fā)生某事Ihaveadogandacat,buttheyfightallthetime.11.asas像一樣表示兩者在某方面程度相同，第一個(gè)as是副詞，后應(yīng)該跟形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，第二個(gè)a

6、s是介詞，后可跟名詞，代詞拓展：asas的否定形式是notas/soas“不如；不與一樣”Hestudiesashardashisbother.Hedoesntstudyas/sohardashisbrother12.neither1)neitherdidI是“neither+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前者的否定情況也適用于后者。IdontlikethisdressNeitherdidi.2)形容詞，意思為兩者都不的，置于單數(shù)名詞之前Neitheransweriscorrect.3)代詞，意思為兩者都不，常與介詞of連用。neither做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Neith

7、erofushasbeentoBeijing.13.passsthtosb=pass_把某物傳給/遞給某人14.borrow,lend,keepborrowlendkeep指“借入”或“借用他人的動(dòng)詞功供自己使用”。向某人接某物”常用borrowsthfromsb或borrowonessth結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)表示把自己的東西“借出”給別人使用。借給某人某物”常用lendsbsth或lendsthtosb.表示“借”的意思的時(shí)，是延續(xù)性從此，可以與“for+一段時(shí)間”或howlong連用，表示“借某物一段或多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”如：keepthebookforaweek.15.whilewhenas的區(qū)別while引

8、導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，只表示“某一段時(shí)間”從句謂語動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)Thetelephonerangwhilemyfather性動(dòng)詞，且常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。wasreadinganewspaper.when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，既可以表示“某一段時(shí)間”也可以表示“某WhenIarrivedinBeijing,itwas一時(shí)刻”，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性raining.動(dòng)詞as強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的同時(shí)性，表示“一邊一邊”Katereadthebookasshewentalong.16.make+sb/sth+adj使某人/某物變得make+sb/sth+n.使某人/某物成為17.spend,pay,c

9、ost,take的區(qū)別spend1）spendtimemoney(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.間（金錢）做某事Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem2）spendtimemoneyonsth.在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）pay1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth,付錢（給某人）買2)payforsth.付的錢3)payforsb.替某人付錢4)paysb.付錢給某人Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonthIhavetopayforthebookl

10、ostDontworry.IllpayforyouTheypayuseverymonthcosttakecost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),)sth.costs(sb.)Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.金錢,某物花了（某人）多少錢Ittakessb.時(shí)間todosth.做某事花了某Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.人多少時(shí)間18.inorderto表示目的，后接動(dòng)詞原形，可位于句首，也可位于句子中。inorderthat意思為“目的是；為了”，后常接句子Inordertogotocollege,hestudieshard.=Inorde

11、rthathecangotocollege,videsbwithsth=_為某人提供某物20.takecareoflookafter照顧，照料carefor21.asaresult與asaresultofasaresultasaresultof副詞性短語，意為“結(jié)果”后跟表示事情Hemadeabigmistake,andasaresult,helosthisjob結(jié)果的句子介詞性短語，意為“因?yàn)?；由于”后常跟Billwaslateasaresultoftheheavysnow.名詞，代詞等，相當(dāng)于becauseof三、單元語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.Peter,cou

12、ldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?Sure,Mom.Couldyoupleasedothedishes?Sorry,Icant.Ihavetodomyhomework.(1)在表示請(qǐng)求幫助或請(qǐng)求允許的疑問句中，常用could代替can，以表示禮貌，委婉或不確定的語氣，而can則不具備這些語氣。這種情況下不能把could看作can的過去式。以上兩句中用could是為了表示禮貌的請(qǐng)求。表示請(qǐng)求幫助或請(qǐng)求允許時(shí)，除了can,could之外，還可以用may，句子的表達(dá)方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式來表示同一個(gè)概念。例:Could/Can/MayIuseyourcarforaday

13、?對(duì)于該句型的回答：如同意可以說Yes，或Sure或Certainly，還可說Yes,(do)please.或Ofcourse.(youmay/can).或Goahead,please.或ThatsOK/allright.如果不同意，可以說Imsorryyoucant.或Imreallysorry,butIhavetouseittoday.要避免說No,youcant.這樣顯得很不禮貌。否定回答通常用委婉語氣。DoyoumindifIuseyourcarforaday?對(duì)于該句型的回答：所作回答可以說Nevermind./Notatall.表不介意。不能用Yes./Sure./Ofcourse

14、./Certainly.等。無論肯定還是否定應(yīng)答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因?yàn)閼?yīng)答須用確定的語氣。而could在表請(qǐng)求的問句中是為了表示禮貌或委婉語氣，用在應(yīng)答中則成了不確定語氣，與情理不符。所以應(yīng)答中不說Yes,youcould.或No,youcouldnt.而要說Yes,youcan.或Sorry./No,youcant.單元課堂練習(xí)：一、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。1.Myfriendoftenb_mypen.Butheneverreturns(歸還)it.2.TomorrowImgoingtohaveaparty.Idliketoi_myfriendstoit.3

15、.Ihavedifferentideasfromyours.Ireallyd_withyou.4.Ihaveapetcat.Ihavetof_itwithsomefisheveryday.5.Ilikemusicverymuch.IwanttobuyanewCDp_.二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.DoyouoftenwatchTVinthe_(live)room?2.Couldyoudothe_(shop)withme?3.Ihatetodo_(chore)inthemorning.4.Samisgoingtoa_(meet)now.5.Thankyouforyour_(invite).6.

16、Couldyouletmegeta_(ride)?7.Wehavesomedrinksandsnacks,butweneed_(many).8.Couldyouplease_(go)tothestore?9.Iliketodothedishes,becauseits_(relax).10.Healwaysfold_(he)clothes.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Icanbuysomedrinksandsnacks.(用could改為語氣委婉的疑問句)_you_drinksandsnacks?2.Couldyoulookaftermycat,please?(改為同義句)Couldyou_mycat,p

17、lease?3.CanIuseyourdictionary,please?(改為同義句)CanI_adictionary_you,please?(4.Allthechildrenhadagreattimeattheparty.改為同義句)Allthechildren_attheparty.5.Couldyouhelpmedohousework?(改為同義句)Couldyou_me_housework?二、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Couldyouplease_usMarystelephonenumber?Iwanttocallher.A.togiveB.giveC.givingD.togiving()2

18、.LetsgotoHongshanhu.Thatisagoodplacehangaround.A.forB.onC.toD.with()3.Canyoupleasetellmewherethepostoffice?Iwillhavetopostaletterformygrandmother.A.findingB.IcanfindC.howtofindD.find()4.ImsorryIdontagreeyou.A.withB.inC.onD.to()5.Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?A.Yes,Icould.B.IcouldC.Sure.D.

19、Icouldtellyou.()6.MrSmithdidnthave_money,buthehad_goodfriends.A.much;muchB.many;manyC.much;manyD.many;much()7.Dont_withfire.Itsdangerous.A.makeB.holdC.doD.play()8.Teacher:Welcomeback,class.Students:_A.Certainly,MrLiB.Imsorry,MrLi.C.Thankyou,MrLi.D.Imglad,MrLi.()9.Mooncakes,themoon,are_round.A.lookli

20、keB.lookslikeC.likeD.likes()10.DoesMrWangteach_maththisterm,LiPing?A.oursB.ourC.usD.we三、完形填空。TwoweeksbeforeChristmasoneyear,IwenttoLondonwithmy(1).Ishallneverforgettheday.Thestreetswerefullofpeople,Theshopwindowswereverybright.Mymotherheldmyhandandwebothwentintoa(2)shop.Theshopwasfullof(3).Therewere

21、nicetoys(4).ThenIsawFatherChristmashimself!Ipulledmymotherby(5).“please(6)metoFatherChristmas,Isaid.Therewerealotofchildren.Theywereallveryhappy.Theywere(7)inaline(成一對(duì)).FatherChristmas(8)near(9)toeveryoneofthem.Atlastitwasmyturn.“Hello,littleTom,hesaidtome.AssoonasI(10)hisvoice(聲音)，Ifoundoutthathewa

22、smyuncleJohnSmith.()1.A.fatherB.motherC.parentsD.uncle()2.A.bookB.fruitC.clothesD.toy()3.A.studentsB.boysC.girlsD.children()4.A.everywhereB.somewhereC.anywhereD.theleg()5.A.herhandB.thehandC.herlegD.theleg()6.A.bringB.takeC.pullD.ask()7.AmymotherB.myfatherC.thetoysD.FatherChristmas()8.A.standingB.st

23、andC.stoodD.stands()9.A.toldB.tellC.spokeD.speak()10.A.hearB.listenedC.heardD.listen五、閱讀理解Jefferywasgoingtobeinthethirdgradeinjusttwoweeks.Theyearbeforehehadbeeninthesecondgrade.Ithadbeenwonderful.Jefferywaseightthen,andonhiswaytothethirdgrade.Hewasexcited!Schoolwasonlyoneweekaway.Jefferysmomtookhim

24、totheshoptobuynewschoolclothesandnewshoes.Helikedbluepantsandwhiteshirts.Jefferysmomalsoboughthimanewbookbag,pencils,andpaper.Thenightbeforeschoolstarted,Jefferylaidclothesout.Hecarefullyputeverythingheneededforthefirstdayofschoolintohisbookbag.ThenextmorningJefferywokeupveryearly.Hewentdownstairstoseeifhismomwasinthekitchen.Shewasnotthere.Itwasverydarkoutside.Jefferywentbackup