測試一：句子成分、簡單句、并列句與復(fù)合句(1)(共8頁)

1、聞超復(fù)習(xí)資料PAGE PAGE 6寫作(xizu)基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)一、句子成分(j zichngfn)（一）句子成分(j zichngfn)的定義：句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有_和_；次要成分有_,_,_,_,_,_和_。（二）主語：主語是一個句子所敘述的主體1.英語的主語必須是名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的語法成份。2. 這個主語必須能夠承擔(dān)謂語體現(xiàn)的動作。My study has made progress. I have made progress in my study.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and m

2、ore popular.（_）The rich should help the poor.（_）We often speak English in class.（_）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（_）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（_）Smoking does harm to the health.（_）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（_）It is necessary to

3、master a foreign language.（_）注意主語可由_、_、_、_、_、_和_等表示。1. 吃得太多對你健康沒好處。_2. 今天下午我們要開會是真的。_3.這個問題很容易回答。_（三）謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。_在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：實意動詞 (Vt /Vi )、系動詞、情態(tài)動詞+ do 1、簡單謂語：由一個_或_構(gòu)成。如：He practices running every morning.2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由_或_加動詞原形構(gòu)成。You may keep the book for two weeks. He has cau

4、ght a bad cold. （2）由_加_構(gòu)成。We are students.1.及物動詞 ( Vt ) 必須跟賓語的動詞； 【提示】* 句子有賓語要用Vt. * Vt后必須加賓語。*句子缺賓語，必須用被動語態(tài)。1. 他昨晚寫了一封信。_2. I _ that the meeting should be put off. tell B. told C. was told D. am told2不及物動詞 ( Vi ) 不能直接跟賓語的動詞【提示】* 句子沒有賓語要用Vi 。 * Vi后不能直接加賓語。 * Vi 沒有被動語態(tài)。Nothing _ after the terrible fi

5、re caused by the careless doorkeeper. A. leftB. continuedC. keptD. remained3. 系動詞: 后面能接形容詞的就叫系動詞【提示】系動詞后接形容詞;形容詞前要加系動詞;系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。表示持續(xù)的狀態(tài): be , keep, remain, stay, stand表示狀態(tài)變化的: become, get, turn, go, grow, fall, come表示感官的: feel, sound, taste, smell, look表示(biosh)表象的: appear, seem. Look表示(biosh)終止的:

6、prove, turn out1. 這個(zh ge)報告聽上去挺有意思的。_2. 結(jié)果天氣很好。_3. He looked _ at me and looked _.sad, sadB. sadly, sad C. sadly, sadD. sadly, sadly （四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。Our teacher of English is an American.（_）Is this watch yours?（_）The weather has turned

7、cold.（_）Time is up. The class is over.（_） The machine must be out of order.（_）His job is to teach English.（_）His hobby（愛好）is playing football.（_）They felt excited at the speech.（_）The truth is that he has never been abroad.(_)（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。They went to see an exhibition（展覽）yester

8、day.（_）The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(_）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（_）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（_）He pretended not to see me.（_）I enjoy listening to popular music.（_）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（_）賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接

9、賓語），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)），例如：They elected him their monitor.（六）賓語補(bǔ)足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補(bǔ)語，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）。His father named him Dongming.（_詞）They painted their boat white.（_詞）Let the fresh air in.（_詞）You mustnt force him to lend his

10、money to you.（_）We saw her entering the room.（_）We found everything in the lab in good order.（_）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。Guilin is a beautiful city.（_）His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（_） He is reading an article about how to learn English. （_） The teaching plan for next term has bee

11、n worked out.（_） China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（_） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（_）There are thirty women teachers is our school.（_)The students who work hard will make greater progress.（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征Light travels most quick

12、ly.（_）He has lived in the city for ten years.（_）He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（_）He is in the room making a model plane.（_）Dressed in white, the boy looks smart.Once you begin, you must continue. (_）狀語種類(zhngli)如下：How about meeting again at six?（_狀語(zhungy)）Las

13、t night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.（_狀語(zhungy)）I shall go there if it doesnt rain.（_狀語）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（_狀語）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（_狀語）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（_狀語）In order to catch up with the others, I must wo

14、rk harder.（_狀語）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（_狀語）She works very hard though she is old.（_狀語）I am taller than he is.（_狀語）練習(xí)一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese

15、 painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the wo

16、rk in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom c

17、lean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.寫作基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)二: 簡單句的五種基本句型高考考點探討：簡單句的五大句型是最基本的句型。雖然近幾年單純考查這種基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多，但是在閱讀中有時需借助于劃分句子成分去理解，在書面表達(dá)中，沒有最基本的遣詞造句的能力是不可能用地道的英語句子來表達(dá)清楚的。1. 主語 + 謂語：1) 電話響了。_2) 他住在廣州。_3) 火車馬上就要出站了。_4) 在過去五年中我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大變化。_2.主語 + 謂語 + 賓語：He never played fo

18、otball in the park last year.I met the teacher in the street yesterday.Weve known each other before.I am listening to the radio.You must finish reading these books in two weeks.We all believe that Jack is an honest boy.1.他正在讀一本小說。_2.今天下午我想和你談?wù)?tn tn)。_3.主語(zhy) + 系動詞 + 表語：1.This is an English-Chines

19、e dictionary. 2.The dinner smells good. 3. The machine is in good condition. 4. Everything remained untouched. 5. The question is who can complete the difficult task. 4.主語+謂語+間接(jin ji)賓語（人）+直接賓語 （物）1.他給了我一本字典。_2.我會把我的自行車借給你的。_3. 請把那本書遞給我。_4. 她給我做了一件新衣服。_5. 主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語：1. We have proved him

20、 wrong.2. The teacher advises us to read it carefully. 3. We found the story very interesting.4. I heard them singing when I passed by.5. I found it very pleasant to be with you. *6. Ill have someone do it for you.7. He found the door closed.Exercise 1；1. Is, she, looks, too, thin, beautiful, but2.

21、a, few, way, later, minutes, we, on, the, were, to, the Mount Tai3. He， carry， to， me， help， box ，offered，the4. Then , he , the, began , to, discuss, partner, question, with, his,5. afternoon, a lot of, come, the, to, library, books, borrow, every, students, to6. at, age, of ,fifteen, famous, he, pi

22、anist, the, became, a7. The, save, machine, a lot of ,time, new, you, will, 8. loud, can , even, noises, people, mad, very, drive 9. when, I , I , entered, smelled ,the, kitchen, something , burning.10. it , they , morning, find, helpful, take ,exercise ,in, the, to.Homework: 根據(jù)下列圖畫中 Tom 騎自行車的經(jīng)歷，用英語

23、寫一篇故事。請注意使用簡單句的五種基本句型，使你的每一句話完整、正確。（請將你的句子或文章(wnzhng)寫在作文本上）寫作(xizu)基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)(fx)三: 并列句、祈使句、反意疑問句和感嘆句高考考點探討：1祈使句、反意疑問句和感嘆句是高考命題的熱點之一。有時把祈使句與反意疑問句結(jié)合于一體來考查。一個題目，幾個考點，是近幾年命題的發(fā)展趨勢。2高考對簡單句、并列句和各種復(fù)合句的考查常表現(xiàn)在對連詞的選擇和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它連接名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句的連接詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞。并列句的分類1、表示連接兩個同等概念，_2、表示選擇，_3、表示轉(zhuǎn)折，_4、表示因果

24、關(guān)系，_祈使句：反意疑問句：感嘆句：練習(xí)：簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句一、判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句：1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in

25、the evening.5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it?9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy c

26、ountry music.二、判斷下列(xili)短文中各句是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句：I hope you are very well（）. Im fine, but tired（）. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm（）. August is the hottest month here（）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（） Sometime

27、s we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（）. But he employs more men for t

28、he harvest（）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（）. It doesnt often rain in the summer here（）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（）. Every evening we pump water from a well（）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（）.Most Saturday evenings there is a

29、party, even at harvest time（）. These parties often make us very happy（）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（）. Its great（）! Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion（）. Some of my friends drink beer（）. I dont, because I have to drive home after the party（）. In your letter you asked about

30、the time in different areas of the States（）. There are five different time areas in the States（）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（）. How many different time areas do you have in China（）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（）. Please give my best regards to your parents（）. 三、選擇

31、(xunz)填空：1. Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to finish it.A. andB. orC. ifD. so2. Its the third time that John has been late, _?A. hasnt heB. isnt he C. isnt itD. hasnt it3. _ joyful he was to meet his brother again!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an4. Let us pass, _?A. shant weB. shall weC. wont

32、 weD. will you5. I suppose hes serious, _ ?A. do IB. dont IC. is heD. isnt he6. You had better not smoke here, _?A. will youB. had youC. shall youD. have you7. Train as hard as you can _ youll win the swimming competition.A. thenB. butC. andD. or8. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn

33、off the lights when you left the room last night.A. andB. butC. soD. because9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and _.A. Henry hasnt too B. Henry also has not either C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, _ others enjoy s

34、wimming.A. orB. forC. whileD. so11. Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home? Id like to go out.A. orB. andC. butD. so12. “_ is the temperature today?”“Its 38 degrees.”A. WhichB. HowC. How hotD. How high13. Your uncle isnt an engineer, is he? _.A. Yes, he isntB. No, he isntC

35、. No, he isD. He is14. _ friendly _ to everyone!A. How, is sheB. What, is sheC. How, she isD. What, she is15. Mary went to bed early, _ she felt very tired.A. orB. soC. forD. yet16. Mother _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. was makingB. makesC. is makingD. made17. He lay in bed _ read something bo

36、rrowed from library.A. butB. andC. orD. yet18. Id really like some lunch but I have so much work to do. _ what you want and I can get it for you.A. Tell meB. If you would say to meC. You will tell meD. If you tell me19. As he is strong, _ can lift one hundred pounds.A. yet heB. but heC. andD. he20.

37、I thought you had an umbrella. I had, _ Ive lost it.A. sinceB. butC. becauseD. so21. _ down the radio the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turnC. Turned D. Turn22. I dont like chicken _ fish. I dont like chicken _ I like fish very much.A. and, andB. and, butC. or, andD. or, but23. Woul

38、d you like to come to dinner tonight? Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but24. Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise25. She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.A. arrivingB. to arriveC. having arrivedD. and arrived26. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.A. angrily pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointed27. She though