被動(dòng)語態(tài)公開課三陽學(xué)校方天有

1、 Passive Voice 被動(dòng)語態(tài)Review 1.打掃干凈2.使振奮，使高興起來3.分發(fā)，發(fā)放4.推遲；拖延5.建立，想出clean upcheer upgive output offset up6.call up7.put up8.give away9.ask for10.work out11.run out of 打電話張貼捐贈(zèng)要求；請(qǐng)求產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展用完；用光1) My parents want to go _ on vacation. A. somewhere peaceful B. dangerous somewhere C. somewhere boring D. fasci

2、nating somewhere2) They _ _ all over the country. So they plan _ _ some other country. A. have traveled, visit B. traveled, to visit C. traveled, visiting D. have traveled, to travel3) Some robots are _ to do the same things _ people. A. enough smart, as B. enough smart, with C. smart enough, as D.

3、smart enough, for4) - Must I go out for a walk now? - No, you _.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not5) Did you _ much money on the car?A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) English is studied by m

4、any students. (被動(dòng)語態(tài))語 態(tài)by many students.主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby themin that factory.主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的謂語(be+done)。3.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的by 短語。（ by短語可以省。 by短語 后跟代詞的賓格。）by the teacher.3.The t

5、eacher often asks him questions.Heis askedquestions口訣1 賓提前變主，主變介by賓，被動(dòng)be加done,時(shí)態(tài)看主動(dòng)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不同的時(shí)態(tài)有不同的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines(機(jī)器) in Beijing.Football is played by the

6、m on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.1. They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +過去分詞last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many treeswere plantedTen computerswe

7、re boughtThey built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us

8、 just now.This room was used for resting by them.3.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must tur

9、n off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.4.一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：will be+過去分詞1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be

10、finished2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.We will hold a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the school tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by chi

11、ldren in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is / am / are + being 過去分詞1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The roomsare being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have / has been 過去分詞1.We hav

12、e made twenty more keysby us.Twenty more keyshave been made2.We have finished our compositions（作文）.Our compositionshave been finishedby us.表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be

13、going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型（一）如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2.He teaches us English. We are taught English by him. English is taught to us by him. 1.帶雙賓語句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài).常見的接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有: to: pass, give, teach, show, br

14、ing, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get, 以間接賓語“人”當(dāng)主語時(shí)，變法和一般的變法一樣；以直接賓語“物”當(dāng)主語時(shí)，在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for.（以I做主語）（以物book作主語）（以人當(dāng)主語）（以物作主語）口訣2如 遇雙賓語，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前加to/for。2.含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)keep, make 之類的動(dòng)詞常常有賓語補(bǔ)足 語，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，賓語補(bǔ)足語位置不變。We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ)Food is kept fresh in the fridge.T

15、om made me angry.I was made angry by Tom.即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，這些詞在主動(dòng)句中，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to. 1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.Hewas seento play basketball last Sunday.2.We heard them sing in the classroom.Theywere heardto sing in the cla

16、ssroom.3.感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)口訣3 這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，主動(dòng)句中to 離開，被動(dòng)句中to回 來。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch) 不及物動(dòng)詞沒有賓語，因此沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但有的不及物動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞之后，其作用相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以接賓語，因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。在變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞.They take good care of my child. I turned off the radio. 4.含有短語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)My child is ta

17、ken good care of .The radio was turned off (by me)口訣4原來動(dòng)詞不及物，構(gòu)成短語成及物，變被動(dòng)，介、副不可去。下列這些短語本身即是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆蓋著 be interested in 對(duì)感興趣 be surprised at 對(duì)感到驚奇 be made of （from）用制造的動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài) take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after

18、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型（二） 主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義1。動(dòng)詞 (表示主語的屬性特征) + 副詞 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly平滑地; 流暢地 ),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry變干 ,eat,drink,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D.

19、is washedBC主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義2.不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子的主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand3.不定式作后置定語,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)

20、,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。4表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel（鐵） feels cold5 表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The s

21、hop opens at 6 am. every day填空（完成被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . iscleanedwas given to Practice表示主語的屬性特征的動(dòng)詞+副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,

22、用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義6. 作“需要”講的want/need/require后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)然也可接不定式的被動(dòng)式（to be done）作賓語。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A