儲存產(chǎn)品暨產(chǎn)業(yè)基本概要ppt課件

1、Date: 3/6/2022RAID Fundamental2AgendaHard Drive BasicsWhat Is StorageRAID BasicsRAID Subsystem BasicsInfortrend StorageInfortrend ConfidentialHard Drive BasicsInfortrend ConfidentialHard Drive BasicsTop View(Cover Opened)ArmPlatterSpindleMotorDriveChassisArm Motor& ControlsCylinderSectorRead / Write

2、 HeadsSide View(Platters, Spindle and Arm)Enlarged View(Platter Surface)PlatterSpindleMotorArmInfortrend ConfidentialDrive Capacity CalculationsCylinder, Head, Sector (C/H/S)Virtual Cylinder/Head/Sector counts provided by drivesMay not 100% close to the actual capacityCertain operating systems still

3、 use C/H/SEach Sector is 512 BytesDrive Capacity = 512 Bytes x Sectors x Cylinders x HeadsLogical Block Address (LBA)Total block counts provided by drivesActual useful capacityMost of the operating systems support LBAEach Block is 512 BytesDrive Capacity = 512 Bytes x LBAInfortrend ConfidentialOther

4、 Drive TerminologiesRPMDrive motor speed. Usually 4500, 5400, 7200, 10000 or 15000 rpmDrives with faster motor speed can provide faster performanceCacheWrite-back cache can provide faster performanceWrite-through cache ensures no cached data lost when power failsMTBF and Duty CycleMTBF comparison sh

5、ould consider Duty CycleHigher Duty Cycle drives is more reliable when using in RAIDWrite-Back and Write-Through CacheWrite-ThroughWrite-BackWriteReadWrite1. Host writes data into cache.2. Write completed. Host does not have to wait for medium.3. Write cached data to medium in optimised order. (invo

6、lved latency times)Cache PoolDataHostMedium1. Host writes data to medium and keep in cache pool for future read. 2. Write completed when data has written on medium. (Wait for medium, latency time involved) 1. Host read data from cache. If data is in cache pool, read from cache. (No need to wait for

7、medium)2. If data is not in the cache pool, read from medium, and keep in cache for future use.Cache PoolDataHostMediumCache PoolDataHostMediumInfortrend ConfidentialWhat is storageWhat is Storage?Devices which provide capacity for host9External RAID System (Storage)Switch HBA; Host Bus AdapterRead

8、data or Write data from Host to RAID systemInfortrend ConfidentialRAID Basics11What is RAID?Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)Consolidated all disks into a huge, fast, and protected diskDisk Drives=Controller+12RAID Benefits: Data AvailabilityWithout RAIDIf a hard drive fails, all data is l

9、ost!With RAIDWhen drive failsData is still intact13RAID Benefits: Storage CapacityWithout RAIDDriveCapacity=Singlehard drivecapacity1With RAIDDriveCapacity= N xSinglehard drivecapacityN drivesN(In example of RAID 0)14RAID Benefits: PerformancePerformance N xSingle DrivePerformanceTotal request execu

10、tion timeWithRAIDI/O 1I/O 2I/O 1I/O 2(Disk 1)(Disk 2)Time SavedWithoutRAID(In example of RAID 0)Software setupAccess TimeData TransferSoftware Completion15RAID LevelsNRAID RAID 0RAID 1RAID 3RAID 5RAID 616RAID Basics JBODDisk 1Disk 2Disk 3Host LUNDisk 4Disk 5Disk 6Disk 1Disk 2Disk 3Disk 4Disk 5Disk 6

11、17RAID Basics NRAID (Disk Spanning)N654321Disk 1N+6N+5N+4N+3N+2N+1N+NDisk 2N+N+6N+N+5N+N+4N+N+3N+N+2N+N+1N+N+NDisk 3Disk 1 hasNBlocksDisk 2 hasNBlocksDisk 3 hasNBlocksN+N+NN+N+1N+NN+3N+2N+1N321Host LUNDisk1NBlocksDisk2NBlocksDisk3NBlocks18RAID Basics RAID 0 (Disk Striping)3N-2161310741Disk 117141185

12、23N-1Disk 21815129633NDisk 3NBlocksStriping3N1110987654321Host LUN19RAID Basics RAID 1 (Disk Mirroring)N654321Disk 1M(6)M(5)M(4)M(3)M(2)M(1)M(N)Disk 2NBlocksMirrorN1110987654321Host LUN20RAID Basics RAID 3 (Disk Striping with Dedicated Parity Disk)2N-11197531Disk 1121086422NDisk 2P(11,12)P(9,10)P(7,

13、8)P(5,6)P(3,4)P(1,2)P(2N-1, 2N)Disk 3NBlocksStripingDedicatedParity Disk2N1110987654321Host LUN21RAID Basics RAID 5 (Disk Striping with Interspersed Parity Disk)P(2N-1, 2N)1110P(7,8)54P(1,2)Disk 112P(9,10)76P(3,4)12N-1Disk 2P(11,12)98P(5,6)322NDisk 3NBlocksStriping with interspersed parity2N11109876

14、54321Host LUN22RAID Basics RAID 6 (Disk Striping with Two Interspersed Parity Disk)741Parity52QParity38QParity96QHost LUN98765432123RAID Basics RAID 10 (RAID 0+1)Striping2N-17531Disk 1M(7)M(5)M(3)M(1)M(2N-1)Disk 2MirrorRAID 1LogicalDrive86422NDisk 3M(8)M(6)M(4)M(2)M(2N)Disk 4MirrorRAID 1LogicalDrive

15、2N1110987654321Host LUN24RAID Basics RAID 30951Disk 11173Disk 2P(9,11)P(5,7)P(1,3)Disk 3StripingRAID 3LogicalDrive1062Disk 41284Disk 5P(10,12)P(6,8)P(2,4)Disk 6RAID 3LogicalDrive4N1110987654321Host LUN25RAID Basics RAID 5097P(1,3)Disk 111P(5,7)1Disk 2P(9,11)53Disk 3StripingRAID 5LogicalDrive108P(2,4

16、)Disk 412P(6,8)2Disk 5P(10,12)64Disk 6RAID 5LogicalDrive4N1110987654321Host LUN26Mixing Drives with Different CapacityDisk 1Disk 2Disk 3Disk 4Disk 5Disk 6MaximumCommonCapacity(Among all member drives)27RAID Parity and XORA XOR B = PB XOR P = AA XOR P = BAAADisk 1BBBDisk 2P(A,B)P(A,B)P(A,B)Disk 3ABP(

17、A,B)Disk 1BP(A,B)ADisk 2P(A,B)ABDisk 3RAID3 RAID5 One Drive FailedOne Drive FailedAAADisk 1BBBDisk 2P(A,B)P(A,B)P(A,B)Disk 3ABP(A,B)Disk 1BP(A,B)ADisk 2P(A,B)ABDisk 3RAID3 RAID5Rebuild DataRebuild Data28Terminologies Physical & Logical DrivesPhysical DrivesLogical Drives (LD)(RAID Disk Group)LD 0LD

18、1LD 2Global SpareLocal Spare29Terminologies Logical VolumesLogical DrivesLD 0LD 1LD 2LV 0LV 1Logical Volumes (LV)In ESVA, its also called PoolLD0 (R5) + LD1 (R5) = LV0 (R50) 30Terminologies Partitions, Host LUN MappingsTerm.Term.LD 0LV 1Logical Volumes - PartitionsPartition 0Partition 1Partition 0Pa

19、rtition 1Partition 2Map Host IDs / LUNsID 0ID 1ID 2LUN 0LUN 1LUN 0HBAID 7LUN 0LUN 1For EonStor onlyInfortrend ConfidentialRAID Subsystem Basics32Storage ArchitectureDAS (Direct Attached Storage)Internal DASExternal DASSAN (Storage Area Network)FC SANiSCSI SAN33DAS (Direct Attached Storage)A external

20、 storage system directly attached to a server without a storage network in betweenInterfaceiSCSI, SAS, FC, PCI-EBlock-Level accessInternal DASExternalDAS34SAN (Storage Attached Network)A network of storage devices that can be accessed by multiple servers InterfaceFC, iSCSI, FCoE, InfinibandStorage S

21、ystemBlock-level accessApplication ServerApplication ServerApplication ServerSwitchStorage Architecture OverallWide interface options to support different consolidation requirements SAS cablesEthernet cablesEthernet switchFC cablesFC SwitchSASAffordable storage sharingEasy cablingGreat performanceLo

22、w-cost SANNo special storage management expertise required Extensive reachiSCSIFCProven technology High performance and reliability Great performance36FC SAN vs. IP SANFC SAN IP SAN Performance High Low TCO High Low Manager ExpertiseHigh Low Host ComponentsFC HBAiSCSI HBA or NIC + software initiator

23、sNetworking ComponentsFC Switch FC cables Ethernet switch Ethernet cablesStorage Components FC-host StorageiSCSI-host StorageInfortrend ConfidentialInfortrend storageEonStor / EonStor DS / ESVAInfortrend Developing Items 38Mechanical DesignID designDrop / Vibration solutionThermal solution EMI/Safet

24、y solutionPacking designSoftware DesignRAID Management software designApplication related design (agents, drivers and utilities)Firmware DesignRAID kernel designI/O data processing designAdd-on functions design (ex. Data Service)Hardware DesignSystem Architecture designCircuit designPCB LayoutSignal

25、 Integrity solutionEMI solutionRAID ControllerRAID SubsystemHost39Infortrend RAID Product FamilyPositioningEntry-level DAS and SAN storage for SMBsMid-range SAN storage for enterprisesHost connectivityFC or iSCSI or SASFC or iSCSIMax. drives360(Max for DS3000 series)4,800 (Scale-out with max 12 systems)HighlightsUser-friendly management CacheSafe technology Data Services (EonStor DS)SnapshotVolume copy/mirrorThin-provisioningStorage Tiering7*24 global serviceStora