2014年江蘇省高考英語試題

1、 2014江蘇Lessons can be learned to face the future,_history cannot be changed.A. though B. as C. since D. unless考察狀語從句連詞辨析 A盡管歷史不能改變，但是為了面對未來我們還是要從歷史中學會教訓。根據(jù)句意可知上下文之間存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用though表示讓步和轉(zhuǎn)折。22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must.A

2、. which B. when C. as D. where考察定語從句D在日常交流中這本書書幫助了很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。試題延伸where引導定語從句時，是表示地點或者抽象意義“在方面”23.How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media _it in a variety of forms.A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered考察時態(tài) 答案C句意：你對即將在南京舉行的青奧會了解多少？很

3、好，媒體以多種形式對青奧會舉行了報道。根據(jù)本句中的well，可知后者對青奧會很了解。這主要是因為媒體多種形式的報道，本句使用現(xiàn)在完成時體現(xiàn)出過去所發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。24. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay_.A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion考察介詞短語辨析C in place有序，在適當?shù)奈恢?；in order井井有條；in shape健康的，狀態(tài)良好的；in fashion流行的，時尚的；25.

4、Top graduates from universities are by major companies.A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated考察動詞詞義辨析A Chase追求，追逐；register登記，注冊；offer提供；compensate補償，賠償；來自大學里的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生收到大公司的追逐。表示大公司愿意接受大學的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生。26. What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame, mum. I am _you have made me.A. how B. what

5、 C. that D. whoB本題考察的是名詞性從句中的表語從句。是你讓我成為這樣的。27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last years election.A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statueA名詞的詞義辨析。A象征；標志；符號；記號；代表人物；B肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像.雖然兩年前就已遭軟禁，她在去年的選舉中仍然是勢力強大的代表人物。28. The idea happiness, , will

6、not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fairB本題考察的是形容詞詞義辨析。Rigid僵硬的，死板的；sure確信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect完美一的；fair公平的；句意：“幸福，“可以肯定的是，不是個靜態(tài)簡單的定義。29. His lecture_, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. hav

7、ing been given考察非謂語動詞用法D本題較難，a lively question-and-answer session followed是一個完整的句子，本題的兩部分之間缺少連詞，所以逗號前面的不能是句子，只能是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。名詞his lecture與動詞give之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞表示被動，排除B項。A項表示正在進行，C項不定式表示將要進行。都符合語義，D項having been done在做狀語的時候相當于done。本句的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)His lecture having been given相當于After his lecture had been give

8、n。句意：他的演講結(jié)束后，將是一個現(xiàn)場問答部分。30.Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and .A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him offB本題考察的是動詞pay及put的短語辨析。Pay back償還；報復(fù)；報答；償付；pay off付清；（付清工資后）解雇；（努力）得到回報；put away收拾，整理，放在一邊，不管不顧；put off推遲；31. It was sad

9、to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.A. might B. would C. should D. could“竟然”。C正確。32. I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be occupied.A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwiseD本題考察的是副詞詞義辨析。Also也；just只不過，僅僅；nevertheless 然而，不過；otherwise要不然；另外；句意：星期天我不能去接你了，另外我還會很忙。33. Legend has it that th

10、e origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan.A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recallD Remember記得；remind提醒，使想起；recover康復(fù)；recall回憶；句意：相傳端午節(jié)是為了讓我們想起屈原的精神。34. Good families are much to all their members, but to none.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothingC本題考察的是代詞詞義辨析。Some

11、thing某些事情，重要人物；anything任何事情，一些事情；everything一切；nothing沒有東西；沒有事情；無關(guān)緊要的東西；句意：優(yōu)秀的家庭對她的成員們來說意味著許多，但并不是一切。35. _! Somebody has left the lab door open. Dont look at me.A. Dear me B. Hi, there C. Thank goodness D. Come on A Dear me天哪！（表示驚訝）Hi，there嗨，你好；Thank goodness謝天謝地；Come on加油；得了吧！第二節(jié) 完形填空Dale Carnegie r

12、ose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at StateTeachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 he was struggling against many difficulties. His family w

13、as poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didnt have the time or the 41 .He had only one good suit. He tried 42 the football team, but the

14、coach turned him down for being too 43 During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. She 46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that h

15、e needed.Dale took his mothers advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 .Now other students were coming to him

16、for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority. Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence. And, 55 it. Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to doand so could others.36. A. admi

17、tted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized37. A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction38. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment39. A. between B. during C. over D. through40. A. while B. when C. because D. though41. A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes42.A. on B. for C. in

18、D. with43. A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing44. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining45. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free 51. A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming52. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact53.A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. bui

19、ld54. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat55. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with46. A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted47. A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential48. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally49. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning50. A. prog

20、ress B. experience C. competence D. confidence考點考察人生哲理類完型填空文章大意人生中最重要的是要擁有自己。有了自信，我們就可以做到我們想做的任何事情。本文以大師戴爾卡耐基的成功故事告訴我們信心的重要性。36.答案D 考察動詞詞義辨析。A承認；B填充，裝滿；C提供；D認識到；認出；戴爾卡耐基從密蘇里的一個默默無聞的農(nóng)場里走出來成為一名國際大師，是因為他找到一個方法來滿足人們共同的需要。這個需要是1906年他在StateTeachers College學習的時候意識到的。本句是一個強調(diào)句型,強調(diào)的是recognize的賓語need。37. B考察名詞

21、詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A任務(wù)；工作；B教育；C優(yōu)勢；D指導；為了得到教育，戴爾卡耐基與很多困難在做斗爭。根據(jù)下文敘述可知他為了求得教育，他克服了很多困難。38. B考察名詞辨析及語境理解。A培訓；B寄宿膳食；C教育；D設(shè)備；他的父親沒有錢付他的大學寄宿膳食的錢，他不得不騎馬12英里去上學。39. A 考察介詞辨析。A在之間；B在期間；C超過；越過；C通過；他的很多學習都是在農(nóng)場到學校途中進行的，因為他在上學的路上要花很多時間。40. C 考察連詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A當時；然而，盡管；B當時；C因為；D盡管；因為他沒有時間也沒有衣服，所以他沒有參加各種學校的活動。上下文之間存在著因果關(guān)系，所以使

22、用because。41. D 考察名詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A允許，許可證；B興趣；C才干；D服裝；因為他沒有時間也沒有衣服，所以他沒有參加各種學校的活動。ABC三項與句意不相符。42. B 考察固定搭配。Try on試穿；try for申請；他申請參加足球隊，但是教練拒絕了他，說他太體重太輕了。43. A 考察形容詞辨析。A輕的；淡的；B靈活的；C樂觀的；D外向的；BCD三項和教練拒絕隊員沒有聯(lián)系，如果隊員過于瘦弱，不適合足球這項劇烈運動，教練的拒絕是有理由的。44.C 考察動詞詞義辨析。A贏得；B實現(xiàn)；C形成，發(fā)展；D獲得；在這段時間里，卡耐基慢蠻難第形成了一種自卑感。通常都使用develop

23、表示養(yǎng)成，形成一種性格。故C正確。45. A 考察動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。A阻止；B保護；C挽救；D使免受；他媽媽知道這種自卑感會阻止他發(fā)展自身的潛力。本句中的prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，這個結(jié)構(gòu)符合上下文含義。46. A 考察動詞詞義辨析及語法。A建議；B要求；C請求；D堅持要求，堅持認為；他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊，認為辯論隊里的演講的練習會給與他所需要的認可和信心。根據(jù)句意說明A項正確，而且在join前面省略了should，這是一個虛擬語氣。47. B 考察名詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A出席；B練習；C耐心；D潛力；他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊，認為辯論隊里

24、的演講的練習會給與他所需要的認可和信心48. C 考察副詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A有希望地；B當然；C最后；D自然地；卡耐基采納了媽媽的建議，多次努力以后，最后終于成功了。根據(jù)after several attempts可知49. D 考察詞義辨析。A關(guān)鍵的；B破壞的；C基本的；D轉(zhuǎn)折的；turning point轉(zhuǎn)折點。這件事情證明是他人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點。從此他走了上成功之路。50. D 考察名詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A進步；B經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗；C能力，技能；D自信；在很多人面前發(fā)表演講幫助他得到了他所需要的信心。之前他曾經(jīng)一度很自卑，現(xiàn)在演講讓他重新獲得自信。51. C 考察上下文串聯(lián)。A騎馬；B足球

25、；C演講；D農(nóng)藝；到他大四的時候，他贏得了演講方面所有的最高榮譽。有很多學生都來向他尋求指導，接著在他的指導之下，他們也相繼贏得了比賽。52. C 考察介詞短語辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A作為回報；B簡潔地；C依次，輪流；D實際上；有很多學生都來向他尋求指導，接著在他的指導之下，他們也相繼贏得了比賽。In turn表示那些學生也相繼成功了。53. B 考察動詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A傳達；B克服；C理解；D建設(shè)；在之前克服自卑的斗爭中，卡耐基逐漸理解向聽眾表達觀點能夠增強一個人的信心。54. A 考察動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。A表達；B使承受；C貢獻，導致；D重復(fù)；卡耐基逐漸理解向聽眾表達觀點能夠增強一

26、個人的信心。55. D 考察介詞辨析。With it中的it是指耐心，有了耐心，他可以做他想做的一切。閱讀理解A：Never before had a kitchen so much of a HistoryIt tells of Freedom, Success, and of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior Desi

27、gn Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. This dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White.They all had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. And they created a

28、new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous French Art Institute: Beaux Arts.SieMatic BcauxArts Breaks and CreatesIn fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art In

29、stitute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the

30、 conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various for

31、ms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your personality.56. Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?A. It helped display their money status. B. It was created by famous architects.C. It was name

32、d after a famous institute. D. It represented the 19th century urban culture.57. What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?A. Its designs are anti-conventional.B. Its designs come from famous structures.C. Its customers can enjoy their own composition.D. Its customers can choose from various new styles.考

33、點考察社會生活類閱讀56. A推理題。根據(jù)Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth可知這種風格能夠表現(xiàn)他們的私人財富，也就是說能夠顯示他們有錢。57. C推理題。根據(jù)you too can break a harmonious design of your own.可知SieMatic BeauxArts讓顧客有機會顯示自己的構(gòu)思。B：However wealthy we m

34、ay be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we wo

35、rk at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity costnamely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hou

36、rs to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgoin te

37、rms of money and enjoymentin order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someon

38、e offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spen

39、t elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense its human nature to do precisely thatwe assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is value for money. People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, an

40、other is fast obtaining an advantage: value for time. The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By readmg this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doi

41、ng other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.58. According to the passage, the concept of opportunity cost is applied to .A. making more money B. taking

42、more opportunitiesC. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities59. Hie leftover . time in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time .A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friendsC. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going

43、 to watch the match60. What are forgone opportunities?A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for.考點考察經(jīng)濟知識類閱讀58. D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段2，3行Economics deals won something else.可知opportunity

44、 cost是指人們思考自己的時間金錢是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。也就是在衡量自己的選擇是否合理。59. C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段Why not, you dinner with friends?人們本來是想去看球賽，但是球賽的票太貴了。所以就把本來準備看球賽的金錢和時間用在了別的地方，那么這里的leftover money and time就是指看球賽來回所花費的時間。60. B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段Even if someone offersforgone opportunities.即使有人帶你去享受免費的午餐，在這種情況下，你吃飯的時間還是會讓你失去某些東西。這是從forgo

45、ne opportunities的角度來說的，也就是說你還可以用這段時間做更有價值，更有意義的事情，但是你卻把他用來享用這段免費的午餐。所以forgone opportunities就是指放棄的機會。C：Most damagingly, anger weakens a persons ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or si

46、tuation that arouses his anger.Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another.The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultaral forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally co

47、nsidered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels(決斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one persons awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG

48、 (腦電圖) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (額葉前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition （意向）that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas a

49、rent balanced and. as a result of this, were likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions,

50、in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are. the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists ref

51、er to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不對稱 ) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry perso

52、n can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring sitaation.61. The duels example in Paragraph 2 proves that

53、 the expression of anger .A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among peopleC. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences ones thinking and evaluation62. What changes can be found in an angry brain?A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefront

54、al areas.C. Electrical activity corresponds to ones behaviour.D. Electrical activity agrees with ones disposition.63. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked.C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helple

55、ss in the face of anger.64. What is the key message of the last paragraph?A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions.C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger.考察科普知識類閱讀本文介紹了一些與憤怒有關(guān)的表現(xiàn)以及醫(yī)學原理和人們生氣的時候表現(xiàn)出的行為模式。61. C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段In contempora

56、ry culture, physical tolerated.在當代社會里，憤怒的肢體表現(xiàn)被認為是對社會有傷害而不能被容忍。但是在古代卻又著決斗這樣的行為，說明憤怒的表現(xiàn)形式是由不同的社會和文化形成的。62. B 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段3,4行But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas arent balanced可知當我們生氣的時候，腦電圖在額葉前部會出現(xiàn)不平衡的現(xiàn)象。63. A 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段3,4,5行The angrier we are. the more likely .causing

57、his anger. 可知當我們生氣的時候，我們很可能靠近讓我們生氣的對象。這是典型的offensive anger的表現(xiàn)。64. D 段落大意題。根據(jù)本段1,2行Most positive emotionsavoidance behaviour中的approach behaviour和avoidance behaviour可知本段講述的是憤怒的時候，人們表現(xiàn)出的行為模式。D：August 1990，BostonDear Maya Shao-ming,To me, June 6,1990 is a special day. My long-awaited dream came true the

58、 minute your father cried, A girl! You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another womans pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong

59、, in the late fifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (懷孕) by a cook, probably a co-worker at her restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my motheryour randmotherloved me and f

60、ought to raise me on her own, but that the daily struggle was too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.More likely, I was dropped at t