新編大學英語二版教案book1-unit

1、Unit 4 Fresh Start“Life is just a field of newly fallen snow, and where you choose to walk every step will show.”Part One PreparationProverbs and sayings (You may choose several from the following sentences to introduce to your class):1. A good beginning is half done. / Well begun is half done. / A

2、good beginning is half the battle. (良好的開端是成功的一半。)2. A good beginning makes a good ending. (善始者善終。)3. Even great towers start at ground level. (萬丈高樓平地起。)A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. （千里之行，始于足下。） In doing anything the first step is the most difficult. （萬事開頭難。）A single spark

3、 can start a prairie fire. （星星之火，可以燎原。）7. Let us watch well our beginnings and results will manage themselves. (Alexander Clark)8. In every phenomenon the beginning remains always the most notable moment. (Thomas Carlyle)9. Winning starts with beginning. (Robert H. Schuller)10. Mighty things from sm

4、all beginnings grow. (John Dryden)11. The beginning is the most important part of the work. (Plato)12. Start by doing whats necessary; then do whats possible; and suddenly you are doing the impossible. (St. Francis of Assisi)13. The beginning sets the rules. (Cooley, Mason)Brain Storming:1. College

5、life is an especially important period of time. If life were a piece of colorful drawing, college life would be one of the brightest colors. If life were a meaningful poem, college life would be one of the most beautiful wordsLet the students make more sentences orally in this structure “If life wer

6、e, college life would be”2. Talk about the times when you might write or call home from college. Try to use words and expressions like “when”, “whenever”, “often”, “usually”, “once”, “once/twice a week/month”, “as soon as”, etc. Example (1): “I may call or write home when I get lonely.”Example (2):

7、“I will call home whenever I miss my parents.”Useful Information:Coming to University will have an enormous impact on your life and on those around you. You may feel excited and yet also terrified at the same time.Its natural for you to feel anticipation and excitement at the beginning of your colle

8、ge life. You may feel eager to study in a new environment, to know your new teachers and classmates. Your life is a fresh start; a world made new and full of opportunities. However, to feel anxious and uncertain is also very common among new students. If you are a freshman who is leaving home for th

9、e first time, you are taking on the challenge of separating from your family, starting a process of finding your own independent identity in the unprotected, unfamiliar larger world. Whilst leaving home may be full of excitement, for some students, the separation from loved ones back home can cause

10、a deep sense of sadness and loneliness. If you are a new student still living at home, you may experience the psychological upheaval of establishing an independent identity away from parents, and this could change your relationships with friends and relatives.You will also probably find that you nee

11、d to develop ways of belonging, of fitting into your new environment, especially when everything around you is new and pressurized.Sorting out the details of enrolment, timetabling and finding your way around are in themselves stressful.Combined with demands for academic work and trying to establish

12、 a social life, the stresses can build up and appear enormous. It is normal to feel some stress during the early weeks of your new university career.As you become familiar with your new university career, they will ease!Here are some suggestions for you:Coping with Changing RelationshipsA lack of co

13、mmunication with partners, friends and relatives can lead to anxiety and insecurity.Whilst making new friends and starting a new life at university, continue to keep contact and tell them about your new experiences. If you believe that those around you have too high expectations, talk to them about

14、the way you feel and let them share your fears as well as achievements. Coping with Academic Work: Find out your timetable; the lectures and seminars you are expected to attend; what assignments and presentations are required, and their deadlines.Find out what resources are available to you and how

15、to access them: computers and other technology, library books, stationary. Brush up or learn new study skills such as seminars on computing. Plan your workload!Thinking ahead means you can reserve the resources that will help you complete your task, and you will avoid last-minute panic. Care for You

16、rself! Eat regularly and try not to exist only on fast food. Go to the dining hall - you may meet others who are new and alone too. Plan your budget. Include travel, phone bills, the books and some other items you will need to buy, and dont forget to budget for enjoyment too! If you are unhappy with

17、 any element of your student life, try to deal with it. Ask for advice and support from your teacher or other academic staff, the Student Union, Counseling Service, and other students. Dont just wait until it feels like an insurmountable problem.Warm-up: A Freshmans AlphabetSee the textbook p.105. C

18、omplete the words, and then work in groups to prepare a short speech or story entitled “A Freshmans School Life”. Ask the students to use as many words from the Freshmans Alphabet as possible. Invite the students to give a speech in front of the class (one speech for one group) or role-play a story.

19、A Speech The Doors that are Open to UsListen to a speech “The Doors That Are Open to Us” by Hong Ye and have a discussion: 1) How many doors are there in the college life? What are they? 2) Whats the first door for you in your college life?Part Two In-class Reading. Pre-ReadingPair Work:Do you still

20、 remember your first day at school? Try to recollect it and share it with your partner.How did you feel the first day you arrived at university? Did you feel like a stranger? Did you find the university just as you had imagined? In what way was it different?What satisfies you most in your university

21、 life? What are your difficulties here?Group Discussion:What are your expectations of university? What kind of changes do you think it will bring upon your life? Discuss with other members in your group, and then give a speech. Passage ReadingPreview Worksheet:1. LISTENING (Style; General idea; Pron

22、unciation and spelling)2. READING (Main idea; Structure and logic; Questions on the texts; Language and grammar)3. THINKING (Theme; Concepts; Questions for discussion)New Words:1. accidentally adv. by chance 偶然地, 意外地 (Antonym: intentionally) e.g. 1) We accidentally broke the radio. 2) My father acci

23、dentally locked me out of the house. adj. accidental 偶然的e.g.1) accidental death; 2)an accidental error2. await (Line 7, Para. 2) vt. wait for等候 e.g. 1) A great throng awaited us. 2) A busy day awaits.和wait的詞義辨析: 兩詞均含有“等待”之意。wait (vi.) 著重指靜候于某處，直到期待之人、物或事物的來臨或出現(xiàn)。很少用作及物動詞。e.g. 1) Dont wait if I am lat

24、e. 2) Many enthusiastic fans were waiting for famous singer Jay Chow to arrive at the airport.await (vt.) 有時可與wait互換，但await的語氣更為正式，常用于書面語中，往往著重指不斷等待認為必然會出現(xiàn)的人或事，有時含耐心之意。e.g. 1) Success never comes to those who await it idly. 2) All people were awaiting their king to return. 請用 “wait”或 “await” 兩詞的適當形式

25、填空:His wife never keeps him _ . (waiting)Ill _ you in the car. (wait for)An especially good dinner _ us at the inn. (awaited)3. barefoot adj.赤腳的walking barefoot in the grass; a barefoot boy4. cafeteria n.自助餐廳e.g. 1) school cafeteria 2)This cafeteria serves good honest food.5. campus n.（大學）校園 campus

26、activities校內活動on(the)campus在校內6. clasp n. 扣子, 鉤, 緊握, 抱住 v. 扣緊, 緊握, 摟抱, 密切合作clasp hands緊緊握手,結成聯(lián)盟He gave my hand a warm clasp.他熱切地緊握我的手。7. completely adv.十分, 完全地The question foxed me completely.問題完全把我難住了。He completely misconceived my meaning.他完全誤解了我的意思。A strong emotion overmastered him completely.8. c

27、rash (Line 33, Para. 8) n. 1) loud noise when something falls over 撞擊聲，跌落聲，爆裂聲；a crash of applause一陣掌聲 There was a loud crash in your room. Im sure that it was your cat that was making trouble. 2) accident where cars, planes, etc., are damaged (交通工具的)劇烈碰撞事故；碰撞, 墜落, 墜毀e.g. an air crash； a car crash；

28、It is quite a pity that famous poet Xu Zhimo was unfortunately killed in a plane crash. 3) a crash program應急措施head - on crash正面碰撞v. 碰撞, 墜落, 墜毀, (指商業(yè)公司, 政府等)破產(chǎn), 垮臺 9. differently adv.不同地 反義詞 alike, equally; similarly 1) Youll notice that the people in England speak quite differently from Canada.2) If

29、 he had known that, he would not have answered differently.10. dine vi. 吃飯, 進餐e.g.1) When do you dine? 2) Suppose we dine together. 3) Were going to dine at Davids tonight. 4) The managers going to dine with us tonight.11. dorm n. 宿舍(=dormitory)coed dorm俗大學中男女同住的宿舍students eating family style in the

30、 dorm學生們在寢室里吃家常飯12. expectation n. 期待, 預料, 指望, 展望, 數(shù)期望(值)answerable to expectation與希望相符be contrary to ones expectation出乎意料地an unreasonable expectation;不合理的期望；eyes shining with expectation.眼中閃耀著期盼的目光beyond ones wildest expectation 大大出乎某人的意料e.g. 1) Its our expectation that you will do well. 2) To thei

31、r disappointment, the result was contrary to their expectation.13. freshman n. 新生, 大學一年級學生 sophomore; junior; senior in my freshman year我是新生那年; a freshman senator任期未滿一年的議員a viewy freshman富于幻想的大學一年級生1) It is quite unusual for a freshman to be younger than seventeen or older than twenty. 2) We intend

32、this news report as teaching material for freshmen. 3) Most Ivy League freshman classes are chosen from a motley collection of constituencies.常春藤聯(lián)合會的大部分新成員選自于五花八門的候選人集合體4) Almost a third of the freshmen said they were working during the summer vacation. 5) About one - fifth of the freshmen reported

33、that they had been brought up in small towns.14. grin n. 露齒笑, 裂口笑 v. 露齒而笑 smile; laugh; giggle grin from ear to ear嘴咧得大大地笑a sheepish grin局促不安的咧嘴一笑a foolish grin滑稽的咧嘴an unreserved grin of approval毫不拘謹?shù)剡肿齑笮σ允就鈋.g. 1)His face broadened out into a grin.他咧開嘴笑了起來。2) A mischievous grin was among the child

34、s many charms.頑皮露齒而笑是這個孩子可愛的特征之一15. grope (Line 10, Para. 3) vi. feel with the hand n 摸索同義詞 feel around fumble poke around grope ones way摸著走;探索解決辦法grope about for information到處搜集情報grope for an answer搜尋一個答案groped for the telephone去摸電話e.g. 1) We are groping after the truth.我們在探索真理。2) She groped for he

35、r cellphone in her bag. 3) He groped for the door handle in the dark.他在黑暗中摸索著找門把手。16. hesitation (Line 7, Para. 2) n. waiting and not deciding 猶豫, 躊躇 without hesitation毫不猶豫地,立即have no hesitation in saying毫不猶豫地說e.g. 1) A qualified soldier should march forward on battlefield without hesitation.2) For

36、a political leader, hesitation is apt to connote weakness.對一個政治領袖而言，猶豫含有軟弱之意3) Without a moments hesitation, she jumped into the river to save the drowning girl.17. jazz n. (20世紀產(chǎn)生于美國的一種舞曲性音樂)爵士樂, 喧鬧 adj. 爵士樂的, 喧吵的, 顏色過于艷麗的 vi. 奏爵士樂, 跳爵士舞, 游蕩 vt. 奏爵士樂, 使活潑jazz music爵士音樂jazz band爵士樂隊a jazz hound舞迷hot

37、 jazz強烈而又即興的爵士樂funky jazz質樸無華的爵士樂have a sneaking fondness for jazz內心喜愛爵士樂Dont jazz me.別騙我progressive jazz現(xiàn)代爵士樂I really go for progressive jazz. 18. junk n. 垃圾,烏七八糟的東西；舢板 debris; litter; rubbish; scrap; trash; junk shop舊船具商店;貶古董商店junk price賠本價錢junk mail(不寫收件人姓名、地址的)郵寄宣傳品junk jewelry假珠寶,口不值錢的服飾珠寶，廉價珠寶

38、junk dealer廢舊品船具商人junk art(用廢料制成藝術品的)廢料藝術19. junk food垃圾食品；美俚無大營養(yǎng)價值的填肚子食品(常指爆米花等小吃)My son likes junk food such as crips, sweets and fizzy drinks.我兒子喜歡吃炸土豆片、糖果和汽水一類只能填飽肚子的食品。 wholesome food有益健康的食物20. ketchup n. 調味蕃茄醬 21. literature n. 文學(作品), 文藝, 著作, 文獻world literature世界文學underground literature地下出版物t

39、ravel literature旅行文獻supplementary literature補充讀物,補充參考書sensational literature令人感情激動的作品pure literature純文學open literature公開的文獻資料native literature本族文學22. opportunity n. 機會, 時機 chancewaste/ overslip/ lose an opportunity錯過機會equal employment opportunity就業(yè)機會均等embrace/catch an opportunity利用/抓住這一機會a distinct/

40、 prodigious opportunity 難得的/絕好的機會 23. pitifully (Antonym: pitilessly) pity pitiful Its a pity that24. puddle n. 水坑, 膠土, 污水坑, vt. 攪濁, 混凝 vi. 搗成泥漿 e.g. 1) fell into the middle of the puddle2) There are several puddles on the playground.3) The puddles skimmed over during the cold night.夜間寒冷,水潭結上了冰25. r

41、ear (Line 18, Para. 5) n. the back后部, 后面, 背后, 后方, 屁股the rear of the hall.大廳的后部the rear wheels of a carPlease move to the rear of the bus! The dining hall is in the rear of our teaching building.adj. 后面的, 背面的, 后方的rear fin尾翼vt. 1）bring up 撫育，培養(yǎng), 培養(yǎng), 飼養(yǎng), 栽種rear poultry(飼養(yǎng)家禽); rear children; to rear she

42、ep; to rear a familyMrs. Gao Yaojie adopted and reared countless AIDS orphans.2) 舉起, 樹立, rear a ladder立起一架梯子; rear a flagpole豎起一根旗桿rear a monument to a persons memoryvi. 高聳, 暴跳, 用后腿站起 26. rear end hip27. relax vi. 放松, 休息, 休養(yǎng), 變從容 vt. 使松馳, 緩和, 使松懈, 使休息 同義詞 ease up; loosen; rest 反義詞 tighten relax the

43、muscles松弛肌肉relax ones pace放慢步伐relax ones grip松開手relax ones attention放松注意力,疏忽relax at the seashore在海邊休養(yǎng)28. safely adv. 安全地, 確實地n. safetyadj. safeThe spaceship landed safely. He got home safely. The child crossed the road safely. The wheat crop is safely in.小麥已經(jīng)毫無損失地收到家了。29. schedule (Line 11, Para. 3

44、)n. a list of planned activities or things to be done at or during a particular time日程表, 時間表, 進度表 curriculum schedule課程表; a train schedule火車行車時刻表; a production schedule生產(chǎn)進度計劃表e.g. 1) The next thing on the famous singers schedule is to attend a news conference in a nearby hotel. 2) The new train sche

45、dule is available everywhere in the railway station.v.美 排定，安排, 確定時間The train is scheduled to arrive at 8:45 pm, but its running twenty minutes late. 30. seriously adv. adj. serious 1) 認真地, 真誠地weigh the matter seriously認真考慮這件事Management has seriously underrepresented the firms financial problems.2) b

46、adly嚴重地 be seriously ill生重病be seriously hurt受重傷31. slip 1) n. 滑倒, 事故, 片, 紙片a deposit slip; a sales slip.存款單；收據(jù)a termination slip美解雇通知書a reminder slip催詢單 2) vi. 滑動, 滑倒, 失足, 減退 3) vt. 使滑動, 滑過, 擺脫, 閃開, 塞入slip a knot解開一個繩結 slip the gears into neutral把齒輪推入空檔 4) adj. 滑動的, 活絡的, 有活結的 slip of the tongue無意中說錯

47、話slip of the pen筆誤a slip of a boy一個瘦小的男孩32. sweat n. 汗 v. (使)出汗 sweat suit運動服sweat pants運動長褲to sweat a patient使病人發(fā)汗be bathed in sweat渾身大汗beads of sweat汗珠33. tiptoe n. 腳尖, 趾尖 vi. 用腳尖走He stood tiptoe upon a little hill.(踮足而立) The children were on tiptoe before the birthday party.(急切地等待著) I tiptoed pas

48、t the sleeping child. (踮著腳) She tiptoed to the bedside of the sleeping child. (用腳尖悄悄地走) 34. tray n. 盤, 碟, 盤子a reminder tray意見箱shove a tray across a table;把盤子推到桌子另一邊；a silver tray of excellent workmanship制作極為精巧的銀盤1) Waiter with tray signals a cafe.侍者托著盤子表示這家是咖啡店。2) The boy wheeled and the fried eggs

49、leaped from his tray. (Ivan Gold)男孩原地轉過身來，煎雞蛋從他的托盤里拋了出去(伊凡戈爾德)3) A footman entered, and presented some mail on a silver tray. (Winston Churchill)一個仆役進來，將銀托上的一些信件呈了上來（溫斯頓丘吉爾）Text Structure:How I felt the first day on campus. (Para.1)1) I was wondering what I was doing. 2) I was standing pitifully.3)

50、It seemed that everyone on campus was watching me.4) I hoped no one would notice I was a freshman.Mistakes I made on my first class day and my reaction (Para.27)1) The first mistake I made: I went to the wrong class. (Para. 24)2) The second mistake I made: I stepped in a puddle of ketchup, dropped t

51、he food tray and fell to the ground. (Para. 56) 3) My reaction: I felt ashamed. (Para. 7)The mistake made by another college student: he also dropped the food tray and fell to the ground. (Para.8)His reaction to it: He seemed to feel that nothing serious had happened. My reflections on making mistak

52、es (Para.912)1) It didnt matter if one made mistakes in college. (Para. 911)2) Making mistakes is forgivable even after graduation. (Para. 12)Sentence Study:About the Title: “Fresh Start” means “A clean stateadding a good habit or giving up a vice or bad habit”新的開端，從頭開始I decided I wanted nothing mor

53、e than to find my way safely to my dorm room. (Line 2) (我決定我最想做的就是要好好地回到寢室。)want nothing more than to do只想做e.g. Now, I want nothing more than to study English well and pass the CET-4.2keep my ears open and my mouth shut(ll. 4-5)這是keep帶形容詞或過去分詞作賓語補足語的結構。e.g. 1) My job keeps me really busy.2) Take my

54、overcoat. It will keep you warm.3) There were toys to keep the kids amused.4) Its hard to keep the house clean with three kids.3. Once I was in the room (ll. 6-7)The word “once” here is a conjunction which means “as soon as; from the moment when” (一旦，一就)e.g. 1) Once she arrives, we can start.2) Once

55、 I have found somewhere to live, Id send you my address.4. So now what? (Line 13) The expression is usually used in spoken English, meaning “接下來做什么？”或“該怎么辦？”5. Forget it! (Line 14) It is used to:1) tell someone that sth. Is not important or they do not need to worry about it.e.g. Im sorry I broke yo

56、ur teapot.Forget it!2) tell someone to stop asking or talking about sth. Because it is impossible.-Id like to take a weeks holiday.Forget it, we are too busy.In the text the author tells herself not to worry about sitting in the wrong class.6. I piled my tray with sandwiches and was heading for the

57、seat when I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup. (Line16)(我往托盤里裝了些三明治就朝座位走去。就在這時，我無意中踩了一大灘番茄醬。)when在此句中表示 “這時 （突然）”。表此意時，when 往往放在句中。when 的三種用法：1) 所引導的從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生。這時也可以用as或while。She entered the room when (while, as) the meeting was going on.2) 所引導的從句的動作先于主句動作。這時不能用as, while替換。When

58、I got up, I found a note on the table. 3) 表示“這時（突然）”I was walking along the road when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.7. So off to the cafeteria I went. (ll. 29-30)這里是將off to the cafeteria前置，意圖是強調了戲劇性場面的發(fā)生地the cafeteria。8. I looked up to find that another poor soul had met the

59、 same fate as I had. （Line 33）(我抬頭看見一個可憐的家伙遭遇了和我一樣的命運。)不定式的主要功能之一就是作結果狀語，這時不定式表示的動作往往在謂語動作之后發(fā)生。另外，不定式前也常加only引出結果。A few days later he came back only to find that the troops had left.She is very polite to show us the way.She awoke to find herself locked in a room.9. He got up, hands held high above h

60、is head in a victory clasp, grinning from ear to ear. (Line 39) （他站起身，咧嘴大笑，兩手緊握高舉在頭頂，做出勝利的姿勢。）注意句子中分詞短語做狀語的用法。grinning from ear to ear意思是grin very widely.10instead he turned around(ll. 37-38)The word “instead” means “in place of someone or something else that has been mentioned”.e.g. 1) We didnt hav