人教版高中英語必修第一冊《WELCOME UNIT SectiomⅡ》精品課件

1、WELCOME UNITSection Discovering Useful Structures單元語法精析夯基提能作業(yè)單元語法精析語法點撥一、句子的基本成分根據(jù)英語詞匯在英語句子中的位置和作用，英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語等?；揪渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)1主語(Subject)：表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞、動名詞、動詞不定式或從句充當，置于句首。I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽車上學。The students are playing volleyball now.現(xiàn)在學生們正在打排球。To read in the

2、sun is bad for your eyes.在陽光下看書對你的眼睛有害。That you forgot to tell me the time for meeting caused me lots of trouble.你忘了告訴我開會的時間，給我惹了不少麻煩。2謂語(Verb)：說明或描述主語的動作、狀態(tài)或特征，由動詞或動詞短語充當，位于主語之后。She likes drawing.她喜歡繪畫。I go to school at 8 am.on Mondays.星期一上午八點我去上學。3表語(Predicative)：表示主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，一般由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語

3、、動名詞、動詞不定式或從句等充當。常見的系動詞有：be，become，appear，seem，look，sound，feel，get，smell等。I am a teacher.我是一名教師。You look younger than before.你看起來比以前更年輕了。My job is to teach them English.我的工作是教他們英語。4賓語(Object)：指動作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞、動名詞、動詞不定式或從句充當，位于動詞之后。They help the poor during the winter.他們在冬天幫助窮人。He wrote a play.他寫

4、了一本劇本。She likes to sleep in the open air.她喜歡在戶外睡覺。She enjoys living in China.她喜歡在中國生活。5賓語補足語(Object complement)：用來對賓語進行補充和說明，一般由名詞、不定式、分詞、形容詞等充當。He was allowed to go home.他被允許回家。I saw you stand(ing) at the door.我看見你站在門口。I found it difficult to work out the math problem.我發(fā)現(xiàn)計算出這道數(shù)學題很難。We call him Lao

5、Li.我們稱他老李。兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補足語形式(1)“動詞形式賓語itadj./n.”作賓語補足語，常見的這類動詞有：think，consider，feel，find，make。(2)“感官動詞賓語賓語補足語(省略to的不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)”；當此結(jié)構(gòu)用于被動語態(tài)時，已省略的不定式符號to要還原。6狀語(Adverbial)：用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、整個句子等，一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語或從句等充當。He works very hard.他工作很努力。She is lying in the bed thinking.她躺在床上思考。按照要求，寫出下列句子中的成分I enj

6、oy helping others.(主語：_)My dream is possible！(表語：_)All things are possible for me.(狀語：_)Do you have anything to say？(定語：_)Ipossiblefor meto sayWe classmates work very hard.(同位語：_)We should protect the environment.(賓語：_)No one can make me change my mind.(賓語補足語：_)I always treat others with kindness.(謂

7、語：_)classmatesthe environmentchange my mindtreat二、八種基本句型1SV(主語謂語)謂語動詞為不及物動詞，不跟賓語，但可以跟時間、地點、方式等狀語，常見的動詞(詞組)有sleep，walk，swim，happen(take place)，go，come，work，laugh，stay，arrive，rise，rain，run，fly等。They laughed.他們大笑。2SVO(主語謂語賓語)謂語動詞均為及物動詞，常見的動詞有l(wèi)ike，love，want，stop，hope，help，refuse，finish，eat，have，apprecia

8、te，water，make等。(2019浙江高考)Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy.有些好的學校沒有校服政策。I enjoy working with you.我喜歡和你一起工作。I hope to see you again.我希望再次見到你。3SP(主語系動詞表語)謂語動詞均為系動詞，常見的系動詞有：be，keep，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，grow，get，go，turn，become，seem，appear等。(2019浙江高考)School uniforms are traditional

9、 in Britain.在英國校服是傳統(tǒng)的。Tom looks thin.湯姆看起來瘦。The food smells delicious.這食物聞起來很香。4SVIO DO(主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語)通常情況下，間接賓語(通常指人)位于直接賓語(通常指物)的前面，但有時根據(jù)需要，間接賓語位于直接賓語之后，這時要在間接賓語前加to或for。常用于該句型的動詞有g(shù)ive，show，send，bring，read，pass，lend，leave，hand，tell，return，write，throw，make，buy，do，get，order，sing，pay等。I gave her a pre

10、sent.I gave a present to her.我給了她一件禮物。I bought him a pen.I bought a pen for him.我給他買了一支鋼筆。5SVOC(主語謂語賓語賓語補足語)賓語補足語部分可以為形容詞、名詞、不定式、分詞等形式。常用于該句型的動詞(短語)有call，name，make，think，find，leave，see，watch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，let，have，get，keep，allow，need，want，ask等。其中賓語與賓語補足語統(tǒng)稱為復合賓語。We call him Jack.我們叫他杰克。

11、I found the movie interesting.我覺得這部電影很有意思。They asked me to help them.他們讓我?guī)椭麄儭?SVA(主語謂語狀語)(2019全國卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly.在操場上的所有足球選手都大聲歡呼起來。The children stayed in the room.孩子們待在房間里。He runs slowly in the park every day.每天他在公園里慢跑。7SVOA(主語謂語賓語狀語)You can put the plate

12、 here.你能把盤子放在這兒。He speaks English very well.他英語說得非常好。8There be.(there系動詞.)There be后面的名詞是句子的主語，屬倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，且動詞除be外，還有：lie，stand，used to be，seem to be，appear to be等。There is a book and two cups on the table.桌子上有一本書和兩個杯子。There are some apples in the bowl.碗里有一些蘋果。There be句型的就近原則There be句型中的be動詞的形式應和其后緊挨著的主語一致

13、，即“就近原則”。句型中動詞be可以為一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，將來時和完成時。 用給出的句型翻譯下列句子會議九點開始。(SV)_他們喜歡聽古典音樂。(SVO)_天氣漸漸冷了。(SP)_The meeting begins at nine.They enjoy listening to the classic music.It is getting colder and colder.我下次把那本書給你帶來。(SVIODO)_他聽見一個女人在那邊哭。(SVOC)_今年，我們這里已經(jīng)有好幾所私立學校了。(There be)_I will bring you the book next time.H

14、e heard a woman crying/cry over there.There have been several private schools in our area this year.專項練習.標出下列各句中所包含的句子成分1Last week I went to the supermarket.2The play was very interesting.3I cant hear a word.4They were talking loudly.5He has visited a great number of places in Australia.6She makes h

15、er mother angry.Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you.Im sure that you will have a great time and youll find us Chinese very friendly.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua答案：主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語狀語主語謂語狀語主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語狀語主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語主語系動詞表語主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語賓語補足語.單句寫作1我喜歡讀書。(主謂賓)_2老師讓我讀這篇文章。(主謂賓語賓補)_3我住在北京。(主謂狀)_I like reading.The teacher as