《新英漢翻譯教程》第五章詞義的處理_參考譯文

1、 同學(xué)們，我們的老師把新英漢翻譯教程的課堂互動(dòng)答案不給我們，可謂是用心良苦啊。這是我好不容易整理的，同學(xué)們僅供參考哦，第五章詞義的處理TechniquesofTranslatingWordsandPhrases課堂互動(dòng)2：翻譯下列句子,注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）Justasexercisestrengthenstheheartandlungs,bonesandmuscles,itmayalsopowerupthebrain.【譯文】運(yùn)動(dòng)不但能強(qiáng)心、健肺、壯骨、筋肌，而且還能健腦。Weshallneverseehismatch.【譯文】他那樣的人恐怕不會(huì)有第二個(gè)了。Thevotewas35t

2、o25,amarginof10.【譯文】表決的結(jié)果是35票對(duì)25票，相基10票。Thereportisthoroughlysourced.【譯文】這項(xiàng)報(bào)告的來(lái)源很完備。Thishotelcantbematchedforfriendliness.【譯文】這家旅館服務(wù)態(tài)度之好無(wú)與倫比。Shewasratheradvancedinyearsforamaiden.【譯文】在沒(méi)有結(jié)婚的女孩子中，她年齡算是相當(dāng)大了。Everyoneofuspouredforthhisexpertise.【譯文】我們每個(gè)人都充分發(fā)揮了自己的專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)。Illnotabuseyourhospitality.【譯文】我不會(huì)辜負(fù)你的熱

3、情厚誼。Ilongforyouterribly.Themomentwesaygood-byeandIclosethedoor,mytormentbegins.【譯文】我想你想得要命，我們一分手,關(guān)上門(mén)，我心里便覺(jué)得煎熬。Ourargumentswereoftenbroughtbeforeourfather,andIguessIwaseithergenerallyintheright,orelseabetterdebater,becausethejudgmentwasusuallyinmyfavor.【譯文】我們往往爭(zhēng)到父親那里去。我想，或者是我總有理，或者我善于抓理,因?yàn)樵u(píng)起來(lái)通常是我有理。課

4、堂互動(dòng)3：翻譯下列句子,注意詞匯的基本意義、衍生意義、搭配意義（參考譯文）1）Thesalesofthebookwentdeeplyintothemillions.【譯文】那本書(shū)銷(xiāo)售達(dá)好幾百萬(wàn)冊(cè)。2）Heisfourgoingonfive.【譯文】他（四歲）快五歲了。3）Apounddoesnotgofarthesedays.【譯文】目前一英鎊買(mǎi)不到多少東西了。4）Illgiveyou50,butIcantgoanyfurther.【譯文】我可以給你50英鎊，但不能再多了。5）Thiswillgoalongwaytowardworldpeace.【譯文】這對(duì)世界和平將起很大作用。Afineap

5、pearanceandcomfortdonotusuallygotogether.【譯文】中看并不一定中用。7）Shehasthequalitieswhichgotothemakingofagoodteacher.【譯文】她具有一個(gè)優(yōu)秀教師所必需的素質(zhì)。8）Aforeignlanguagewillgofartowardswideningourmentalhorizon.【譯文】外語(yǔ)會(huì)大大幫助我們開(kāi)闊思想境界。9）Whathesaysgoes.【譯文】他說(shuō)了算數(shù)。10）Hemadeapromiseandthenwentbackonit.【譯文】他許下了諾言，但沒(méi)有踐行。課堂互動(dòng)4:翻譯下列句子，

6、注意詞義的近似、深化、升華（參考譯文）1HowtheybowtothatCreolebecauseofherhundredthousandpounds!【譯文】瞧她們對(duì)那個(gè)克里奧爾奉承討好的樣兒，還不是看她有成千上萬(wàn)的財(cái)產(chǎn)嗎?。ㄉ罨?Thecustomhaditsspringinanothercountry.【譯文】這種風(fēng)俗起源于別的國(guó)家。（近似）3Davidisswollenineverything,inbodyandinmind.【譯文】大衛(wèi)真是虛有其表，身體虛胖，頭腦空空如也。（近似）4Thehigh-ceilingedroom,thelittlebalconies,alcoves,n

7、ooksandanglesallsuggestsanctuary,escape,creaturecomfort.【譯文】天花板高高的房間，小巧的樓廳，四進(jìn)的斗室，僻靜的角落，這一切都使人聯(lián)想到靜謐的圣殿、遁世避俗的處所和舒適的享受。（深化）andsheheldhonourachequefortwentythousandpoundswithhissignature一quitefirmlyinherhands.【譯文】她把她的戰(zhàn)利品一張他簽字的兩萬(wàn)英鎊的支票緊緊地攥在手中。（升華）課堂互動(dòng)5:翻譯句子，注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）Thenewspaperclaimstobethe

8、mirrorofthepublicopinion.【譯文】該報(bào)宣稱忠實(shí)反映了公眾的意見(jiàn)。Applicationoflaserinmedicineisstillinitsinfancy.【譯文】激光在醫(yī)學(xué)中的應(yīng)用仍處于發(fā)展的初期。Butnooneforcesyoutogotosea.Itgetsinyourblood.【譯文】但是誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有強(qiáng)迫你岀海，是你心甘情愿嘛。Shewas,tobesure,agirlwhoexcitedtheemotions,butIwasnotonetoletmyheartrulemyhead.【譯文】她確實(shí)是一個(gè)動(dòng)情的姑娘，不過(guò)我不是一個(gè)讓感情支配理智的人。Asfar

9、astheheadgoes,atleast,shedoescredittotheeducationalsystempursuedatmyestablishment.【譯文】不說(shuō)別的，就智力才能而論，她確實(shí)能為本校所遵循的教育制度爭(zhēng)光。Hegaveuptheswordfortheplough.【譯文】他解甲歸田了。BehindhimIseethelonggreyrollersoftheAtlanticatwork.【譯文】在他的身后，我看見(jiàn)大西洋上的灰色巨浪，洶涌起伏。But,ifpublicdissatisfactioncontinuestogrow,orappearstodoso,polit

10、iciansmayconcludethattheyhavetodosomething,usuallyinthenameofreform.【譯文】但是，如果公眾的不滿情緒繼續(xù)上升，或者似乎將要上升，政客們可能就會(huì)得岀結(jié)論，認(rèn)為必須采取行動(dòng),而且這種行動(dòng)通常以改革為名。Amixtureoffearoftheunknownandfearofdisenchantmentwastormentingher.【譯文】一種對(duì)陌生人的恐懼和唯恐美好想象破滅的混合感情折磨著她。10Butitisbestnottobeintimatewithgentlemenofthisprofession,andtotaketh

11、ecalculationsatsecond-hand,asyoudologarithms,fortoworkthemyourself,dependuponit,willcostyousomethingconsiderable.(W.Thackeray:VanityFair)【譯文】不過(guò)我勸你少和靠這一行吃飯的家伙來(lái)往，你需要資料的話，完全可以間接打聽(tīng)，就像你運(yùn)用現(xiàn)成的對(duì)數(shù)表似的就行了。信我的話，倘若自己調(diào)查的話，得花不少錢(qián)呢。課堂互動(dòng)6：翻譯下列句子,注意原文的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格(參考譯文)1Howdoweaccountforthissplitbetweenthecriticsandthereaders

12、,theheadandtheheart?【譯文】評(píng)論家和讀者之間，也就是理智和感情之間的這種分歧如何解釋呢？2Hehasaverysatiricaleye.AndifIdonotbeginbybeingimpertinentmyself,Ishallsoongrowafraidofhim.(JaneAusten:PrideandPrejudice)【譯文】他挖苦人的本領(lǐng)特別高明.要是我不先給他點(diǎn)厲害,我就會(huì)馬上怕他呢。3Itiseasytothinktooneselfthatonesemotionsusedtobemorevividthantheyare,andonesmindmorekeen

13、.【譯文】人們往往對(duì)自己說(shuō)，我過(guò)去感情多么豐富，思想多么敏銳，現(xiàn)在不行了。4Theyexhibitedneithertheirglorynorsuperiority.【譯文】他們既未能爭(zhēng)得光彩，也沒(méi)有顯出自己高人一等。5Athousandmustachescanlivetogether,butnotfourbreasts.【譯文】千條漢子能共處,兩個(gè)婆娘難相容。6Thereisamixtureofthetigerandtheapeinthecharacteroftheterrorists.【譯文】恐怖主義分子的性格是既殘暴又狡猾。7Duringthewar,hewasanembryosurge

14、on,andjoinedthemobilemedicalteam.【譯文】在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，他是一個(gè)初出茅廬的外科醫(yī)生，參加了巡回醫(yī)療隊(duì)。8Honestypaysitself.【譯文】誠(chéng)實(shí)的人從來(lái)不會(huì)吃虧。9“Youdontlooklikeamagician.”“WhatdoIlooklike?”“Amusician.”“Ididsawawayatafiddleonce.”“Youdid?Well,whatsthedifferencewhatyoudosolongasyoumake,youknowwhat.”Andsherubbedherthumbinherpalm.【譯文】“你看上去不像一個(gè)魔術(shù)師

15、。”“我看上去像什么？”“像個(gè)樂(lè)師?！薄拔覐那袄^(guò)小提琴。”拉過(guò)嗎？其實(shí)，不論干啥還不是一樣，只要能弄到這個(gè)。她用大拇指在手心搓了搓。Inasurprisingdisplayofaccessibility,BeijingstopleadershavebeenmeetingwithalmosteveryAmericanvisitor,rightdowntothelowliestjuniorcongressionalrepresentativeintown.【譯文】令人驚奇的是，北京的高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表現(xiàn)得如此平易近人，他們幾乎會(huì)見(jiàn)每位來(lái)訪的美國(guó)人,其中包括來(lái)自小鎮(zhèn)、資歷不深的基層國(guó)會(huì)代表。課堂互動(dòng)7：

16、翻譯下列句子,注意比喻與典故(參考譯文)1Dontcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.【譯文】不可過(guò)早樂(lè)觀。2IwonderwhetherheisaTrojanHorse.【譯文】我不知道他是不是一個(gè)內(nèi)奸。3LastnightIheardhimdrivinghispigstomarket.【譯文】昨天晚上我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他鼾聲如雷。4Hespeaksasiftherewereafroginhisthroat.【譯文】她說(shuō)話聲音沙啞。5Andreathoughthermothersideasaboutdatingwereoldhat.【譯文】安德利亞認(rèn)為母親對(duì)交男朋

17、友的看法有點(diǎn)老土。課堂互動(dòng)8翻譯下列句子,注意褒義譯法（參考譯文）1Commonsenseandgoodnaturewilldoalottomakethepilgrimageoflifenottoodifficulttoalightwoman.【譯文】洞達(dá)世情和心底忠厚對(duì)于一個(gè)風(fēng)塵中人來(lái)說(shuō)，常會(huì)使她的人生歷程比較順利。2TheseaaddssomethingtotheappearanceofQingdao.【譯文】大海給青島海濱增添了幾分美色。3YouretheonlygirlIveeverseenthatactuallydidlooklikesomethingblooming.【譯文】在我所

18、見(jiàn)過(guò)的姑娘中，惟有你看上去確像鮮花一樣。4Theboyswentbacktocamp,agooddealawed,buttheyfoundtherewasstillsomethingtobethankfulfor,becausethegreatsycamore,theshelteroftheirbeds,wasaruinnow,blastedbythelightningsandtheywerenotunderitwhenthecatastrophehappened.（MarkTwain:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer）【譯文】孩子們回到露營(yíng)地，依然驚魂未定；然而他們還是發(fā)現(xiàn)有

19、一件令人慶幸的事情,因?yàn)楸幼o(hù)他們的宿地的那棵大樹(shù)遭了雷劈，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全毀了，而災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)，他們幸好不在樹(shù)下。5Ifyouareaman，youcanpointoutthatmostpoetsandmenofsciencearemale;ifyouareawoman，youcanretortthatsoaremostcriminals.【譯文】如果你是男子，你會(huì)說(shuō)大多數(shù)詩(shī)人和科學(xué)家都是男性;如果你是婦女，你可以反駁說(shuō)，大多數(shù)罪犯也都是男的。課堂互動(dòng)9：翻譯下列句子,注意貶義譯法（參考譯文）1Thereissafetyinnumbers.【譯文】人多保險(xiǎn)。2Whenhetossedamuch-ba

20、llyhooedpartyinPersepolisthreeyearsagetocelebratePersias2500thanniversary，heinvitedvirtuallyeverybodywhowasanybodybutmostlynobodiesshowedup.【譯文】三年前，在珀塞波利斯舉行大肆宣揚(yáng)的盛大典禮慶祝波斯建國(guó)2500年的時(shí)候，他幾乎邀請(qǐng)了世界所有的有名人士,但真正岀席者卻大多是些無(wú)名之輩。Ripwas，moreover，akindneighbour，andanobedienthen-packedhusband.【譯文】瑞普這個(gè)人是個(gè)好鄰居，可天生怕老婆。Call

21、mewhatinstrumentyouwill，thoughyoucanfretme，yetyoucannotplayuponme.【譯文】無(wú)論你把我叫做什么樂(lè)器，你也只能撩逗我，不能玩弄我。WhenIfirstknewyou，Itingled.Iwouldhavewashedyourfeetanddrunkthebathwater.ButwhenIknewyoubetter，Itoldmyself，Zeftel，itsawasteallthistrembling.【譯文】我頭一回見(jiàn)你便動(dòng)了心，我愿給你洗腳，甚至喝你的洗腳水。但了解你之后，我便對(duì)自己說(shuō)：澤弗特爾，白費(fèi)勁別那么神魂顛倒了。綜合練

22、習(xí)及參考譯文1翻譯下列句子，注意詞義選擇Thehouseisoveragainsttheuniversity.【譯文】那幢房子就在學(xué)校的對(duì)面。Wereupagainstallsortsofdifficulties.【譯文】我遇到了種種困難。Thehugewaveshurlingthemselvesagainsttherockbrokeintocloudsofspray.【譯文】猛擊著巖石的巨浪碎成一簇簇的水花。Thefactoryhasproduced85000tonsofsugarthisyear,asagainstthe60000tonsoflastyear.【譯文】這個(gè)廠今年生產(chǎn)了850

23、00噸糖，而去年只生產(chǎn)了60000噸。(形成對(duì)照)Hesavesmoneyagainsttherainyday.【譯文】他存錢(qián)以備不時(shí)之用。Chargeitagainstmyaccount.【譯文】請(qǐng)把這筆錢(qián)記在我的賬上。(表示用抵付，兌換)Shedrewacheckagainstherbankbalance.【譯文】她開(kāi)了一張支票提取銀行存款的余額。(表示抵消)8)Wemustnotcrossthestreetagainstthelight.【譯文】我們不能不顧交通信號(hào)燈就橫穿馬路。(表示違反)9)Hisappearanceisagainsthim.【譯文】他的外表對(duì)他不利。(表示不利于)H

24、ewashelplessagainstsuchforces.【譯文】在這種暴力面前，他感到無(wú)助。(表示在面前，在情況下)2.翻譯下列句子，注意詞義引申1)Hecanmaturealcoholelectrically.【譯文】他彳艮快能把酒釀成。2)Hehadhisupsanddowns.【譯文】他一生多坎坷艱辛。AndIhaveanuneasyfeelinghehadsomethingthere.【譯文】我有一種不安的感覺(jué)，他的話不無(wú)道理。Hewaswatchingmeorsomethingforanhourortwo.【譯文】有一、兩個(gè)小時(shí)，他大概一直留神看我。Theoryissomethi

25、ngbutpracticeiseverything.譯文】理論固然重要,實(shí)踐更為重要。InlearningEnglish,grammarisnoteverything.【譯文】學(xué)英語(yǔ)，光學(xué)語(yǔ)法是不行的。7)Dusthasaveryimportantparttoplayintheworkofnature.【譯文】灰塵對(duì)于自然界的變化起很大的作用。IsJaneapossibilityasawifeforRichard?(=asuitableperson)【譯文】簡(jiǎn)是做理查德妻子的合適人選嗎?Iwasnotonetoletmyheartrulemyhead.【譯文】我不是那種讓感情支配理智的人。Sh

26、edidntthinkofthatthebeautifulumbrellaboughtthedaybeforeshouldbecomeaHelenofTroyinherfamily.Becauseofthissheandherhusbandquarreledforalongtime.【譯文】她沒(méi)有料到前一天買(mǎi)的那把漂亮的雨傘竟成了禍端，她和丈夫?yàn)榇顺沉撕芫谩?翻譯下列句子，注意詞義褒貶1）Thereissomethingbehind,Ithink.【譯文】我看這里面有文章（名堂）。（貶）2）Theyarenamelessnothing.【譯文】他們是些無(wú)名之輩。（貶）3）Heisreallys

27、omething!【譯文】他真是個(gè)了不起的人!（褒）4）SheisasfairasHelen.【譯文】她是個(gè)絕世美人。（褒）5）Theypredictedtheyouthwouldhaveabrightfuture.【譯文】他們說(shuō)，這個(gè)年輕人會(huì)有一個(gè)錦繡前程。（褒）6）Theadoptionofthenewpolicieswillsurelyleadtosomestrikingresults.【譯文】采取各項(xiàng)新的政策必將帶來(lái)一些顯著成果。（褒）7）Theenemykilledoneofourcomrades,andwekilledanenemyagent.【譯文】敵人殺害了我們一位同志,（褒）

28、我們?cè)琢艘粋€(gè)特務(wù)。（貶）8）Therewouldhavebeenmorepainfulresultbutforthedrasticmeasures.【譯文】若不是采取了斷然措施，那定會(huì)引起更痛苦的后果。（貶）9）MrBrownfeltgreatlyflatteredwhenhereceivedtheinvitationtodeliveralecture.【譯文】布朗先生接到作演講的邀請(qǐng)，感到非常榮幸。（褒）10）Hethinkshimselftobesomething,butactuallyheisnothing.【譯文】他自認(rèn)為是個(gè)了不起的人,（褒）但實(shí)際上他是個(gè)小人物。（貶）4.短文翻譯Abouttenoclockonthefollowingmorning,seedyandhu