八年級（下冊）英語語法

1、38/38八年級下冊英語語法總結八年級下冊英語語法總結Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 Were going on a spring field trip 一. 重點詞匯 ( 一 ) 詞形轉換: 1.discuss(名詞) discussion 2.queen(對應詞) king 3 fortable(名詞) comfort 4.safely (形容詞) safe (名詞) safety ( 二 ) 詞的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /r

2、ise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重點詞組: 1.go on a visit to 去旅行 2. make the decision 做決定 3.bring back 帶回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 對某事做出決定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 預訂 8. come up with 想出（主意） 9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付；賠償 11. rais

3、e money 籌錢 12. book a ticket 訂票 13. make a room for sb 為訂房間 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 為期兩天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名勝 19. rooms with bathtub 帶浴室的房間 20a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（軟）臥 21.my pleasure 不客氣 二重點句型與重點語言點 1. I have some exciti

4、ng news to tell you. 我有一些激動人心的消息要告訴你們。 to tell you 是動詞不定式短語， 作定語。動詞不定式作定語時常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 聽起來不錯。 3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我們將要去泰山玩兩天。 go on a visit to 去參觀/旅游 They went to a visit to E

5、gypt last year. 類似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic a two-day visit 為期兩天的旅行 a two-month holiday 兩個月的假期 an eighteen-year-old boy 一個18歲的男孩 4Its hard to say. 這很難說。To say 是動詞不定式作主語，It 是形式主語。 如： Its nice to meet you. 5. Ill ask the airline on the phone. 我將打 問問航空公司。同義句是： Ill phone and ask the airline. 6. Br

6、ing back your information to class tomorrow and well decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你們查到的信息帶到班上來，然后我們來決定最好的郊游方式。 bring back 帶回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow. decide on/upon sth 決定，選定 Were trying to decide on a school. 7.Its too far for cycling. 騎自行車去路太遠了。同義句是：It t

7、oo far to cycle there. 8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by？乘去泰山要花多長時間？ 9How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少錢？ How much does a standard room cost ? 一個標準間的價格是多少？ 10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper. 我們的票價是硬臥120元，軟臥是180元。 at 意為“以”，一般用于表

8、示價格，年齡，速度等詞的前面，for 意為“供，適合于”。Ive got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music. 11.Id like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要預訂20張硬臥票。 20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets book tickets 預訂票 book a room for sb/sth 為預訂房間 e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我們想預訂一些14號的

9、房間。 12Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 請在下午5：30之前付款。 Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付錢給某人做某事 e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美國的費用. 13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想預訂房間。 make a reservation 預訂 14. We have rooms with a bathtub 我們有帶浴缸的房間。 with 有或帶著 a house w

10、ith a swimming pool a standard room with two single beds 15.Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美國的學校里籌錢是很正常的。raise money 籌錢 We can raise the money ourselves. 16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一個學生花一美元便可買到一張抽獎的票。 (1)each 作主語，謂語用單數(shù) Eac

11、h of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket. （2）用于單數(shù)名詞前，作定語，謂語用單數(shù)。Each student has their own e-mail address. (3)用于復數(shù)主語后，作主語同位語，謂語用復數(shù)。They each have their own e-mail address. 17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的來信。 Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving th

12、e problem. 三.重點語法 動詞不定式 （1） 動詞不定式常跟這些與物動詞之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等?？捎庙樋诹铮ㄒ刖芙^忘記，需要努力學習，喜歡同意幫助，希望決定開始） （2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me. （3） 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用。 Can you tel

13、l me what to say at the meeting ? I dont know how to get to the station. （4） 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有： I have some exciting news to tell you. I want to make a hotel reservation. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. I think the most

14、 exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ? 一、重點詞匯： （一）詞形轉換： 1.explore(名詞) explore 2. east (形容詞) eastern 3.north(形容詞) northern 4. push (反義詞) pull 5.sadly(形容詞) sad (名詞) sadness 6. crowd (形容詞) crowded （二）重點詞

15、組: 1.make a plan 擬定計劃 2. make sure 確信，確保 3. come along with 和一起來 4. at the foot of 在的腳下 5. be surprised at 對感到驚奇 6. be satisfied with 對感到滿意 7. out of sight 看不見 8. step on ones toes 踩著某人的腳 9. cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 10. spread over 分布于 11.rush out 沖出去 12.raise ones head 抬頭 13.ask sb for help 向某人求助

16、 14.thank goodness 謝天謝地 二 重點句型與重點語言點 1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.當你在旅行時， 我正忙于準備考試。 (1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事 Im busy preparing for my birthday party these days. (2)while 當時候，引導時間狀語從句。當一個動作在正在進行時，另一個動作也同時進行。While my mother was cooking ,

17、I was watching TV. 2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 請你幫我定個旅行計劃好嗎？ Would you 比will you 語氣更加客氣，委婉, 類似還有could you Could you come along with us ? 3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他們仔細勘測了整個區(qū)域，確保這些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山環(huán)繞。 make sure 確信，確保 Make sure a

18、ll the windows are closed before you leave. 4.Its about two and a half hours by bike. 騎自行車大約要2個半小時。 Two and a half hours = two hours and a half 5.Its to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的東面。 to the +方位詞+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China. on the +方位詞+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang . in

19、 the +方位詞+of 表示在某一范圍內的地區(qū) Beijing is in the north of China. 6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他們走進定陵，對那里的奇觀感到很驚奇。 be surprised at 對感到很驚奇 He is surprised at dragons. be surprised to do sth 驚奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost. 7.so they had to look for space to pa

20、rk their bikes 他們不得不尋找停自行車的地方 space 空間 Can you make space for this old man ? 8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes. 當人群從四面八方擠來時，有人踩了他的腳。 in ones direction 朝著某人的方向 step on ones toes踩了某人的腳 step on sth 踩某物 Dont step on the flowers and grass. 9.When he f

21、inally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight. 當他最后沖出人群時，他注意到他的兩個朋友都不見了。 notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事 10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. 三個男孩一見面，就高興得跳了起來。 as soon as 引導時間狀語從句 意為“一就” He left as soon as he

22、 heard the news. Ill tell him as soon as I see him. 11.He didnt raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起頭。 not until 直到才 12.They were so lovely that we couldnt help playing with them. 它們太可愛了，我們禁不住和它們一起玩。 cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldnt help laugh

23、ing. 13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我對在中國的一切感到滿意。 be satisfied with 對感到滿意 He is satisfied with my work. 14. We even asked the guard for help. 我們甚至向保安尋求幫助。 ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help. 三.重點語法 時間狀語從句 1。引導詞： （1） when, while , as 當時候. when 后可跟短暫性動詞也可跟延續(xù)性動詞；

24、while 后跟延續(xù)性動詞；as 多用于口語，強調同一時間，或一前一后。 The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in. = While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學生在教室里談話時，老師進來了。 Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。 （2）not until 直到才，主句謂語動詞常用短暫性動詞。 I wont l

25、eave here until the rain stops. He didnt sleep until his mother came back home. (3) after 在之后，before 在之前，as soon as 一就 I went to sleep after I finished my homework.= I finished my homework before I went to sleep. As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom. 2. 時態(tài) （1）當主句為一般過去時

26、時，從句常用過去的某種時態(tài)。 While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang. (2)當主句的時態(tài)為一般將來時， 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有： 1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 2.He didnt raise his head until someone called his name. 3.While the crowd

27、was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes. .4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. 5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs. 6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd

28、 became larger and larger. Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people 一、重點詞匯： （一）詞形轉換： 1. death (動詞) die (形容詞 )dead 2 slow (副詞) slowly 3.crossing（動詞）cross 介詞） across 4. success（動詞）succeed (形容詞successful 5Pain (形容詞) painful 6. lead (名詞) leader 7.final (副詞) finally 8impossible (反義詞) possible 9 courage （動

29、詞） encourage （二）重點詞組: 1Slow down 減速 2. run into 撞到 3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事 4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 5. ride into 進入 躋身于 6 get used to (doing) 習慣于做某事 7. a sharp turn 急轉彎 8. be popular with 受的歡迎 9. get a fine 處以罰金 10. go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 11. the way to success 成功之路 12. obey the traffic ru

30、les 遵守交通規(guī)則 13.break the traffic rules 違反交通規(guī)則 14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 15.be famous for 因聞名 16. be in danger 處于危險中 17.after a while 一會兒 二 重點句型與重點語言點 1I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我認為的交通很擁堵。 traffic 是不可數(shù)名詞 2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人們都遵守交通規(guī)則

31、，交通事故將會減少。 If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人們違反交通規(guī)則，將很危險，我們會受到處罰的。 這是if 引導條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 3I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。 more confident 是比較級 4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 這樣可以節(jié)約能源以與避免空氣污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免

32、做某事 You should avoid making the mistake like that. He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck. 5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行車深受人們歡迎。 Be popular with 受歡迎 6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事 7.Most pe

33、ople think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人認為自行車比其他交通工具要安全些。 8.However, his way to success didnt go well. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆風順。 The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在成功 I didnt have much success in finding a job. 我找工作沒什么結果。 9Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it

34、 head-on. 像面對生命中其他挑戰(zhàn)一樣，蘭斯迎頭面對。 10It seems impossible to beat him. 打敗他似乎是不可能的。 beat sb 打敗某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎 She always seems to be sad. 三.重點語法 條件狀語從句 1.條件狀語從句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引導的，謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，主句用一般將來時。 主句 if從句 Will (must, should, may) 一般現(xiàn)在時 如：I wont

35、 go if he doesnt go . We will pass the exam if we study hard. We wont pass the exam unless we study hard. 2. 祈使句+and/or 引導的結果句，祈使句在意義上相當于條件狀語從句。 如：Hurry up, or youll be late.= If you dont hurry up, youll be late.=Youll be late unless you hurry up. Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you stud

36、y hard, you will pass the exam. 八年級下英語復習題Module 11,My hobby is _(collect)old coins. I _(collect)them since I was a chlid.2,What should I do _ (make) you _(happy)?3,The sclentist _(對感興趣)_(make )a smaller computer.4,I have _(重要的事) _ (tell) you.5,As a student , we should _ (盡力不要)be late _ school.6,This

37、 piece of music _ (聽起來) really beautiful.7,I think _ is boring _ (stay) at home all day.8,We try our best _ (do ) _ things with _ money.9,The book _(write ) by him _(出版) many times.10,He liked _(play) the guitar, and I enjoyed _ (watch) him _ (play).11,He spent all his time _(play) games,_(結果) he fa

38、iled the exam.12,Your books _(占用) too much space,please _(收拾好).Module 21,I can often hear the little girl _ ( sing) in the next room.2, I still remember _(talk) with her last summer,but I forgot _ (send) her an email this summer.3,Uncle Wang said that he _ (arrive) _ the station _the morning of June

39、 10th.4,He likes _(play)football,but he doesnt like _ (play ) this afternoon.5,He spends half an hour _(practise) _ (speak ) English.6,I _ (not invite) _ (come) to the party yesterday.7,I dont know _ it _(rain) tomorrow.8,She asked _(為什么我妹妹在哭)。9,Can you tell me _(他住在哪里)?10，_（事實上），he _（害怕）_（交朋友）.11,

40、_（在那時）I _(not feel)like _(eat ) anything.12,I cant declde _(買那輛自行車)Module 3-41,Wed like _(thank) you _ _(take) us _ the city.2,It seemed that they _(speak) to me _(當面)3,My sister _(要) a job in a factory.4,Keep _(study) ,_ you _ (make ) progress.5,My mother was _(準備) the food while I_ (為做準備)the exam.

41、6,Its important _ us _ (learn) English well.7,If your camera_(壞了),_(去) our website.8,If you want _(get ) _(信息),Please _(查詢) on the computer.9,Please _() the lights brfore you _(leave).10,Hes flowen to Qingdao for suwwer hiliday,_ _?11,_ lovely day! Lets _(出去散步).12,My father _(出差) for two weeks .He _

42、 (return) in a week.13,During the entrance exam, there are _() parents _(wait) for their children outside the test center.14,Peter hardly had time for concerts ,_ _?15 Ill go to bed as soon as I _(finish )my homework.16,_ (越多)friends you have, _ (越快樂)you will feel.17,_ he is busy ,Li Hua always help

43、 others.Do you have a pet? Are you i_ in taking care of animals? Girls and boys who like animals may want to study to be animal doctors.They are often c_“vets ”. Many of them work in animal h_. Others may work on farms or at a z_. Some study animal diseases and try to find w_ to keep the animals fro

44、m getting i_. They do studies in m_ for animals.Vets listen to an animalss h_. They check its ears, eyes, mouth and blood. They o_ on animals when they need to. They may give the animals shots(注射) and tell the pets o_ what food is best.1._2._3._ 4._ 5._6._7._8._9. _ 10._Only mother love is true love

45、. It gives e_ everything all his life. When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and n_ and forgets about herself. When you are growing up d

46、ay by day, she feels very happy. When you are old e_ to go to school, mother still looks after you all the t_ . On cold winter days, she always tells you to p_ on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to leave home for school with litt

47、le b_ . She always feels worried about you at home. She u_ knows about you study and spend much money on your school things. When you do well at school , you will see the brightest s_ on her face. Mother can do everything for you day after day. Mother is always ready to give everything she has to he

48、r children, not to receive. What true love that is in the w_ ! We will r_ Mother Love for ever!1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5 _6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10 _When you go to England you may find the traffic there is different from ours. As a f_ (1) you must be c_ (2) in the streets, because the traffic d_ (3) on theleft. You must l

49、ook to the right and then the left before you cross a street. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come back from work, the streets are very b_ (4). traffic is most d_ (5) then.When you go by bus in England, you have totake care, too. Always r_ (6) the traffic m _ (7) on the left.

50、You have to t_ (8) a look first or you will go to the w_ (9) way. In many English cities there are big buses with two f_ (10). You can sit on the second one. From there you can see the city very well.1. _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _6. _ 7 _ 8 _ 9 _ 10_七年級英語第四單元I.根據句意和首字母，完成單詞。 1. That is a p_ of my family. He c

51、an see s_ books on the desk.2. I c_ see my CDs on it. Mike is b_ the door.3. -Where is your backpack? -Its u_ the bed. II.單項選擇 1. -Wheres my soccer ball? -_ under the bed. A. It B. Is C. Its D. Its 2. -Who is Tina? - _ girl next to the table. A. A B. The C. An D. / 3. - _ behind _? My alarm clock. A

52、. Whats, the chair B. Wheres, the chair C. What are, the chair D. Where are, a chair 4. Where are _ pens? Are _ in the drawer? A. my; they B. /; they C. your; you D. his; them 5. They are my friends. I love _very much.A. them B. they C. the them D. he and she III. 連詞成句1. is, your, where, game, compu

53、ter _? 2. they, under, the, are, bed _? 3. these, to, take, sister, your, please, things _. 4. the, is, the, baseball, under, chair _. 5. bring, can, here, you, some, things _? IV.選擇正確的人稱代詞和物主代詞并用其適當形式填空1 _ love _ English friends. (my, I) 2. _ is an English student. _name is David. (he, his) 3. That

54、 girl is Annas young sister. _ loves _ very much. (she, her) 4. Mr Zhang, _ math teacher, _love him. (we, our) 5. -What are those? -_ are _ books. (their, they) V. 單句改錯，找出每句中的一處錯誤并改正 1. Where is your computer games? 2. There are a book and two pens on the desk. 3. I am need my ID card and my noteboo

55、k. 4. These are her pencils cases. 5. This is a picture on my family. VI. 從右欄中選出左欄各句的答語1. Are you Tom? A. Yes, she is. 2. Whats your name? B. Its her pencil case. 3. Whats that on the chair? C. No, Tom is my brother. 4. Is she your aunt?D. 605-7068. 5. Whats your phone number? E. My name is Ron. VII

56、. 句型轉換 1. His baseball is under the table. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧? _? 2. His dresser is next to his bed. （變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?_. 3. My keys are on the sofa. （對劃線部分提問） _? 4. Mike is behind the door. （對劃線部分提問） _? 5. Can you bring your books here? （肯定回答） _. VIII. 完形填空Look, this is _1_ bedroom. It is _2_old house, but it is very

57、nice. There _3_ a clock and some pictures _4_ the wall. There is _5_ on the desk. His backpack is _6_ the chair. His coat is on the bed. Where is _7_ baseball? It is _8_ the door. Whats that? Oh, _9_ a cat!It _10_ a hat. 1. A. Jim B. Jims C. Jims D. Jims 2. A. a B. an C. the D. the 3. A. is B. am C.

58、 are D. be 4. A. at B. on C. in D. for 5. A. keys B. a set of keys C. a set of key D. keies 6. A. on B. in C. between D. out 7. A. a B. the C. an D. 8. A. behind B. in C. under D. between 9. A. Thats B. It C. Its D. Its 10. A. look like B. look C. looks like D. look after IX. 想想，畫畫，寫寫 同學們，你們有自己的書房（s

59、tudy）嗎？ 請你把它畫出來，并以My Study為題，向我們作一簡單介紹。OK? 要求：圖畫簡單、明了；作文語句流暢，無語法錯誤, 不少于6句話。 初二下總復習1-10單元復習題Unit 1復習題一 翻譯下面的短語和句子.1 一百年以后_2 喜歡上 _3 去滑冰 _ 4 在周末 _ 5 能,會 _ 6 實現(xiàn) _7 在未來 _ 8成百上千的 _9 盡力做 _ 10 使得某人做_ 11 醒來 _ 12 一次又一次 _13 太空站 _ 14 人們將會活到200歲._15 將會有更少的污染嗎? 不,不會._ _16 五年前她踢足球._7 我不喜歡獨自居住_.18 預測未來可能很困難._.19 有一

60、天人們將飛往月球度假._.20未來的學生將在家通過電腦學習._.二 用more, fewer, less, little, few填空.1 He has _ books than I have. 2 There is _ snow this year, and the earth is very dry. 3. He is very busy. He has _ free time.4 There is _ food left at home. Lets go and buy some.5 There are _ apples on the table. You can eat some.6