《汽車專業(yè)英語讀譯教程》配套6-本E-GAS-GDIELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION

1、 ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION （2）Electronic ThrottleDrive-By-WireGDIGasoline Direct InjectionDiesel Common Rail Injection SystemPROFESSONAL ENGLISH: NEW TECHNOLOGIES NewWordsoctane-rating 辛烷值take advantage of 利用 運(yùn)用anti-knock index 抗爆指數(shù)scope set 示波器stipulate 約定，規(guī)定Coast v.滑行 blank 空白（的） 空地 空虛的 approache

2、v.接近 達(dá)到 stall 熄火retard 延遲，推遲 mask 掩蓋 overswing 尖峰 突增 jerk 急拉動(dòng)，撞，跳, 振動(dòng)（沖擊） 顛簸地行進(jìn) rich 富的 濃的 豐富多彩的enrichment 加濃freedom 自由(度） 靈活性 freedom from 免除（于）turbocharge v.(渦輪)增壓turbo 渦輪 渦輪增壓器form v.形成 n.形式 形態(tài) 形狀 式樣ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONElectronic ThrottleDrive-By-Wire Some of the newest Motronic systems have

3、 an electronic throttle (also known as a drive-by-wire system). The electronic throttle has no mechanical link between the accelerator pedal and the throttle valve. Instead, as shown in the Figure on next page, an accelerator sensor picks up your movement or position of the accelerator pedal. It sig

4、nals the control unit about pedal movement, and the control unit signals the servomotor on the throttle shaft to open. The electronic throttle (Bosch calls it EGAS) may sound like something none of us needs, but it has many benefits.ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION sound like 聽起來好像Fig. 4-29. Electronic thr

5、ottle sends accelerator signal to Motronic control unit . DC motor moves throttle valve, modified by engine temperature, idle rpm, and maximum rpmELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONThe throttle opening signal may be modified according to engine rpm and engine temperature. It can provide simplified cruise cont

6、rol. It can also control minimum rpm, replacing the idle-speed stabilizer, and control maximum rpm, replacing the alternate-injector cut-out. But theres more. For traction control, the electronic throttle links with the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System). The same wheel- speed sensors of ABS also feed t

7、he ASR (Anti-Slip Regulator).When any driving wheel starts to slip, a slight brake application prevents that wheel from slipping so much that the differential delivers no power to the other driving wheel. If both driving wheels show signs of slipping, the electronic throttle cuts back power for maxi

8、mum control gives the car the max acceleration the tires can deliver to the road. If laying down tire smoke is your thing, avoid ASR. But for making the fastest takeoff, you cannot beat it.ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONlaying down 主張，擱下，放棄 beat 沖擊，敲打 trust 相信，信賴Can you trust the electronic throttle? Will

9、 it provide unintended acceleration? The system checks its safety circuits before start-off, and reports defects to the driver. If a defect is found, a limp-home circuit may disable some of the functions, but it will allow you to get to the house or the shop. It may well be more reliable than some c

10、able actuated throttles. trust 相信，信賴 defect 故障，缺點(diǎn)，毛病 limp-home 跛行回家ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONGasoline Direct Injection Conventional gasoline engines are designed to use an electronic fuel injection system, replacing the traditional mechanical carburetion system. Multi-point injection (MPI), where the

11、 fuel is injected through each intake port, is currently one of the most widely used systems. Although MPI provides a drastic improvement in response and combustion quality, it is still limited due to fuel and air mixing prior to entering the cylinder. To further increase response time and combustio

12、n efficiency, while lowering fuel consumption and increasing output, systems may use direct injection. Gasoline direct injection engines are engineered to inject the gasoline directly into the cylinder in a manner similar to diesel direct injection engines.ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION Direct injection

13、is designed to allow greater control and precision, resulting in better fuel economy. This is accomplished by enabling combustion of an ultra-lean mixture under many operating conditions. Direct injection is also designed to allow higher compression ratios, delivering higher performance with lower f

14、uel consumption. Currently, direct injection gasoline engines are being deployed throughout the world in passenger cars.Mitsubishi GDI Mitsubishi Motors is aiming to achieve both low fuel consumption and high output. MMC is a world forerunner in the development of direct cylinder injection gasoline

15、engines, known as GDI, which were first introduced in the 1996 Galant. GDI supplies fuel directly to the inside of the cylinder (Figure). A variety of air-fuel mixtures can be created according to changes in the fuel injection timing. ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONFig.4-1 Mitsubishi direct cylinder injec

16、tion gasoline engineELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION2.7.4 Common Rail Injection System (CR System) All previous injection systems have one disadvantage in common (Fig. 2-30): the pressure generation and the supply of the injection quantity are not mutually independent. The result i

17、s that the injection pressure increases with the engine speed and also increases during injection ( approximately linearly). Consequently, smaller injection quantities are injected with low pressure. The peak pressure is almost twice as high as the average injection pressure, which is responsible fo

18、r the quality of the fuel swirl in the combustion chamber. ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION be responsible for 對負(fù)責(zé)，是的主要原因，決定著ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION An injection system is desirable in which 1) injection pressure and fuel quantity can be adjusted independently, 2) the injection pressure is as high and as

19、 constant as possible during the entire injection after combustion start, 3) the injection quantity or injection pressure at the start of injection, i.e. During the ignition lag between the start of injection and start of combustion (depending on engine temperature, several hundred Its up to over 1m

20、s) is as low as possible. ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION Targets 1 and 2 can be achieved By a common rail injection system (Fig. 2-31 ). A pressure accumulat or is supplied with fuel by a high-pressure pump (Common Rail). The pressure in the common rail is measured with a pressure sensor and settled to a

21、 constant value by a pressure-control valve in the high-pressure pump. Depending on the requirements of combustion, the pressure in the rail can be maintained, largely independent of the engine speed, at a constant value in the range between 15 - 140MPa.ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONsettle 穩(wěn)定，決算 ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTIONELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION The pres