英語(yǔ)：unit1《friendship》period two精品學(xué)案(新人教版必修1)

1、英語(yǔ)：Unit1FriendshipPeriod Two 精品學(xué)案（新人教版必修1）Period TwoLearning about Language直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(一)當(dāng)我們用引號(hào)引出別人的原話(huà)時(shí)，被引用部分稱(chēng)為直接引語(yǔ)；當(dāng)我們間接地把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái)時(shí)，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分稱(chēng)為間接引語(yǔ)，我們可以通過(guò)口訣來(lái)掌握直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的方法。1陳述句直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的口訣：去掉引號(hào)加 that,人稱(chēng)變化要靈活；主從時(shí)態(tài)要一致，狀語(yǔ)變化要明確；客觀規(guī)律永不變，動(dòng)詞變化有一個(gè)。(1)He said，“Im going to seea film this afternoon.”He said that

2、 he was going to see afilm that afternoon.(2)Jack said to me, “I have waited for you for along time.”Jack told methat he had waited for me for along time.(3)Theteacher said to us，“Wewill have an English party next week.”Theteacher told us that wewould have an English party thenext week.2直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)變

3、化對(duì)照一覽表直接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)【提醒】下列情況下，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變。(1)直接引語(yǔ)如果陳述的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，當(dāng)其變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)都不變。Theteacher told the students，“Theearth goes around the sun”Theteacher told thestudents that the earth goes around thesun.(2)直接引語(yǔ)中有明確的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)

4、時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)仍保持過(guò)去時(shí)。Thegirl said，“I was born in Hong Kong in 1990.”Thegirl said that shewas born in Hong Kong in 1990.(3)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)通常不變。Theold gentleman often says，“Timeis life.”Theold genteman often says that time is life.3指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化一覽表直接引語(yǔ)this 這these 這些now 現(xiàn)在today 今天yesterday 昨天

5、tomorrow 明天間接引語(yǔ)that 那those 那些then 那時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)that day 那天the day before 前一天the next (following)day 第二天tonight 今晚last week 上周next week 下周two weeks ago 兩周前the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天here 這里come 來(lái)bring 帶來(lái)that night 那天晚上the week before 前一周the next week 第二周two weeks before 兩周前two days bef

6、ore 兩天前two days later 兩天后there 那里go 去take 拿走4.人稱(chēng)代詞的變化(1)“一隨主”。若直接引語(yǔ)中有第一人稱(chēng)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)相一致。(2)“二隨賓”。若直接引語(yǔ)中有第二人稱(chēng)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中賓語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)相一致。(3)“第三人稱(chēng)不更新”。直接引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱(chēng)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)不需要變化。5疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)(1)直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)，引述動(dòng)詞用 asked, 沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)的可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ) me，him 等。He asked me, “Are you good at English

7、？”He asked me if/whether I was good at English.(2)反意疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用 whether 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用原句中的疑問(wèn)詞作連詞，將句子改為陳述語(yǔ)序。Theteacher asked theboy，“Why are you late again？”Theteacher asked theboy why hewas late again.I asked her，“When did you comehere？”I asked her when shehad been there.6直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，還要注意幾種特殊

8、情況：(1)陳述句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，僅能省略第一個(gè) that，其余的均不可省略。He said，“I want to visit the Great Wall，and my father will go with me then.”He said (that) hewanted to visit the Great Wall and that his father would go with him then.(2)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常變?yōu)?ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.句型。如果是以 lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句

9、，則通常變?yōu)?suggest doing 或 suggestthat 從句?！癉o it again.”the teacher said to us.Theteacher told us to do it again.(3)直接引語(yǔ)中有 when，since，while 引導(dǎo)的從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，只改變主句的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變。(4)如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here 不必變?yōu)?there，come 不必變?yōu)?go；如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，則 today，yesterday，tomorrow 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必變化。(5)有的疑問(wèn)句并非提出疑問(wèn)，而是表示請(qǐng)求、建議、勸告等意義。引述這類(lèi)疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，通常用“as

10、k/advise/want賓語(yǔ)不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示建議時(shí)，通常用“suggest動(dòng)名詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)。Mr. Green asked，“Shall wego to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games？”Mr. Green suggested going to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games.及時(shí)反饋.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1He said to me，“I brokeyour CD player yesterday.”He told me that he had broken my CD player the day before .2He sa

11、id to me，“What can I do for you？”He asked me what hecould do for me .3He said，“I havent seen thesechildren by now.”He said that he hadnt seen those children by then .4He asked me，“Can I go to see her tomorrow？”He asked me if he could go to see her the next day .把下列直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或間接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹苯右Z(yǔ)1“Weve lived therefor two years，”hetold me.He_told_me_that_they_had_lived_there_for_two_years.2“I was herea few weeks ago，”shesaid.She_said_she_had_been_there_a_few_weeks_before.3“I went to university in the 1960s，”Wang Hua told his students.Wang_Hua_told_his_students_that_she/he_w