過(guò)去分詞的形式及意義課件課件

1、關(guān)于過(guò)去分詞的形式及意義課件第一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦I.過(guò)去分詞的形式和意義1. 過(guò)去分詞通常由動(dòng)詞原形加-ed構(gòu)成。此外還有少數(shù)不規(guī)則形式，有的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有兩種形式。有些現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)法著作把過(guò)去分詞稱為-ed分詞（-ed Paticiple)2. 過(guò)去分詞與其它非限定詞一樣，都沒(méi)有時(shí)的特征，所不同的是，它形式單一，沒(méi)有體與語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。3. 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成意義，不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示主動(dòng)和完成意義。第二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦II. 過(guò)去分詞的在句中的用法1. 過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）表語(yǔ)1.1 過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于adj.,說(shuō)明的是主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)All the wind

2、ows are broken.All hope is gone.This article is well written.He appeared more satisfied with my work.（1）有許多過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)完全形容化了，它可以被very等副詞修飾，可以有比較級(jí)等級(jí)形式，這類過(guò)去分詞常見的有：amazed, bored, disappointed, disturbed, embarrassed, excited, frightened, interested, limited, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, surprised, tired, wo

3、rried 等。第三頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦（2）有的過(guò)去分詞可以被副詞well修飾，如：built, cooked, done, dressed, known, organized, prepared, written等。（3）其它副詞也可以修飾過(guò)去分詞，如：deeply moved, greatly indebted, highly developed 等。1.2 由過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞也可以作表語(yǔ)They are well-behaved and well-spoken.1.3 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后可以接介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)及that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句He is very much opp

4、osed to your plan.The mother was pleased to hear from her son.Im satisfied that you didnt tell me a lie.第四頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦1.4 “be+過(guò)去分詞” 有可能是一個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)，也有可能是一個(gè)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的差別是：（1）被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表動(dòng)作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表狀態(tài)。（2） 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)之后可以接by + 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，系表結(jié)構(gòu)則不行。（3）系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去詞可以被well, very, much, quite 等副詞修飾，而被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去分詞則不能。（4）系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞往往具有固定的介詞搭配。W

5、hy is the glass broken?By whom is the glass broken?(系表結(jié)構(gòu)）(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))It is covered with thick ice and deep snow.Your table should be covered by a white cloth.(系表結(jié)構(gòu)）(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))第五頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦1.5注意: 過(guò)去分詞和ing分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)通常表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或感受，而-ing分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征，如：Hearing the news, we felt very surprised. 聽到那個(gè)消息，我們感到很

6、驚訝The news is very surprising. 這個(gè)消息很令人驚訝。They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他們聽到那可怕的聲音很害怕。At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.看到這么動(dòng)人的情景，所有在場(chǎng)的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。第六頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦2. 摸底測(cè)驗(yàn)The painter looked so_ (tire) after working for a whole day.I was_ (disa

7、ppoint) with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.Everybody is really _(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.His wound became_ (infect) with a new virus.tireddisappointedexcitedinfected小試牛刀第七頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦1. 過(guò)去分詞知多少驚恐的人們預(yù)留的座位被污染的水擁擠的教室打碎的花瓶關(guān)了的門疲憊的觀眾terrified /astonished peoplereser

8、ved seatspolluted watera crowded rooma broken vasea closed doorthe tired audience第八頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦III. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1. 單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ), 通常前置a. 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，具有被動(dòng)和完成的意義。a broken cupa wounded soldieran unexpected guestthe excited crowd b. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，具有主動(dòng)和完成意義。a grown womana retired officerC. 合成的過(guò)去分詞a much-needed reformstat

9、e-owned enterprises第九頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。a letter written in pencilthe book recommended by Jackthe machines produced last yearThis substance, discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine.= a letter which was written in pencil= the book which was recommended by Jack= th

10、e machines which were produced last year= This substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine.第十頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦 A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playingA解析 過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)：表被動(dòng)，表完成。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)：表主動(dòng)，表進(jìn)行。不定式作定語(yǔ)：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.

11、did not include women players until 1912.區(qū)別 1第十一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Falling leavesFallen leavesDisappointing newsDisappointed peopleExciting storyExcited peopleTired people/ Im tiredTiring film正在飄的落葉已經(jīng)落在地上的落葉令人失望的消息感到失望的人們激動(dòng)人心的故事（感到）激動(dòng)的人們累了的人/我感到累了（使人覺(jué)得）無(wú)聊的電影區(qū)別 2第十二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Falling leavesFallen leaves區(qū)別 2第十三頁(yè)，

12、講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Exercises: 1. We lived in the house _(我舅舅們修建的). 2. Any medicine _(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 3. We spent two hours discussing the plan _ (她制定的). 4. _ (開水) 5. _ (一個(gè)破碎的茶杯) 6. three _ (受傷的士兵)built by my unclestakenmade by herboiled watera broken cupwounded soldiers第十四頁(yè)

13、，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Exercises: 1. Most of the people _(被邀請(qǐng)參加宴會(huì)的) were famous scientists. 2. Lessons _ (易學(xué)的)are soon forgotten. * _ (易學(xué)的) lessons are soon forgotten. 3. The computer center _(開辦) last week is popular with the students .invited to the partylearned easilyopened/startedEasily-learned第十五頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Exer

14、cisesDont use words, expressions, or phrases _D_ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. knownAs we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missedCleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. p

15、ay B. paying C. paid D. to payThe Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C. , did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playingACC第十六頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having beg

16、un C. beginning D. begun6. The television is a _ machine. A. newly-invented B. new-invented C. newly-invent D. newly-invention7. _ English is different from _ English in many ways. A. Spoken, written B. Speaking, written C. Spoken, writing D. Speak, writeDAA第十七頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦8. The lady said she would buy

17、 a gift for her daughter with the _. A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars9. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than some store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying10. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, starte

18、d to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boringDBA第十八頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦11. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followedMost of the people _ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invi

19、te C. being invited D. had been invited13. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. openedBAD第十九頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦14. This news sounds _. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 15. - How did Bob do in the ex

20、ams this time? - well, his father seems _ with his result. A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please 16. - How did the audience receive the new play? - They got very _. A. excite B. excited C. excitedly D. exciting ACB第二十頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦17. The _ look on Miss Whites face told us that she was _ great tr

21、ouble. A. worrying; in B. worried; in C. worrying; with D. worried; with18. Though _ to stop, the _ speaker kept on talking at the meeting. A. being told; exciting B. to be told; exciting C. told; excited D. telling; excited19. The autumn wind sent the _ leaves on the ground _ here and there. A. fal

22、len; flying B. falling; to fly C. fallen; flown D. falling; flew BCAsenddoing 使 成為第二十一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦20. The audience, greatly _ by his speech, all voiced support for the suggestion. A. moved B. to be moved C. moving D. being moved21. The yellow River, _ to be “the mother river”, runs across China like a

23、huge dragon. A. saying B. to say C. said D. being said22. - Who gave you this message? - A man _ himself Mr Zhang. A. called B. calling C. calls D. is calledACB第二十二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦23. The education system rather than the teachers _ to answer for the overburden on the students. - I agree. I hope the reform

24、being carried out in our country at present will bring about the _ result. A. are; desired B. is; desired C. are; desiring D. is; desiring24. - Shall we go swimming? - OK. Ill just go and get _. A. to change B. changed C. be changed D. changingBBget changed 換衣服第二十三頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦25. The door of the shop r

25、emained _, though it was ten oclock am. A. opened B. opening C. locked D. locking26. My mother was _ to see the work _ so early. A. astonishing; finished B. astonished; finishing C. astonished; finished D. astonishing;finishing27. I advise _ early, but I dont advise you _ that, since you lack much s

26、leep. A. getting up; to do B. to get up; doing C. to get up; to do D. getting up; doingCCA第二十四頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞常表示動(dòng)作的完成、狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。賓語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞在邏輯上常存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意味，只表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)。When I returned there, I found the bag gone.We found the village greatly changed.第二十五頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過(guò)去分

27、詞（短語(yǔ)）可以在有些動(dòng)詞所帶的復(fù)合中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)為過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）的邏輯主語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)有以下幾種情況。1. 在感觀動(dòng)詞feel, hear 和see 之后，如：I heard my name called.He felt himself cheated.I saw his eyes fixed on me in curiosity.2. 在有些可跟帶to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞之后，這類動(dòng)詞有：cant bear, hate, like, love, need, prefer, want, wish 等， 如：I cant bear my steak overcook

28、ed, and want it underdone.我受不了牛排做得太熟，我想要它做得嫩。第二十六頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦He needs his coat mended.Kate would like her room painted white.I prefer eggs boiled.We wish your work finished quickly.3. 在有些可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞后，這類詞有：discover, find, keep, leave, show等，如：I discovered / found the place deserted.The photograph sho

29、wed the dog tied to a post.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?第二十七頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦4. 在使役動(dòng)詞get, have 和make 后， 如：I shall make my views known to everybody.have 和 get 帶過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)含義與帶現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)相似：have 和get 有時(shí)表示有意識(shí)的行為，作“使”解，但動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不一定是句子的主語(yǔ)，如句（）；有時(shí)表示句子主語(yǔ)無(wú)

30、意識(shí)的行為，作“經(jīng)歷”或“遭遇”解，如句（）；wont have表示句子的主語(yǔ)不允許某種情況發(fā)生，如句（）：He had / got his car serviced.He had / got his car stolen.I wont have my son laughed at .他（找人）檢修了他的車。他的汽車被人偷了。我不允許我的兒子被嘲笑。第二十八頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，通常表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在邏輯上存在著主謂關(guān)系，即賓補(bǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作通常中賓語(yǔ)發(fā)出來(lái)的?，F(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它仍表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，但賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)

31、存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。第二十九頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦I saw a boy crying there.I am sorry to have kept you waiting.I saw the child being beaten by his father.I often watched the ship being loaded.第三十頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦用所給單詞的正確形式填空1 What he had said made me _ (surprise)2 My glasses are broken. Ill have to get them _. (repair)3 The doctor w

32、arned him _ food after the operation. (not eat)surprisedrepairednot to eat第三十一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦4 I dont want any bad words _ (say) about him behind his back.5 Please get the work _ (do) as soon as possible.6 Ill have the materials _ (send) to you next Monday morning.7 She wont have her long and beautiful ha

33、ir _ (cut) short. said done sent cut 第三十二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦8 You should make your voice _ (hear).9 I want you to keep me _ (inform) of how things are going with you.10 The price is fine with me. How would you like it _ (pay)?11 At last I succeeded in making myself _ (understand). heard informed paid understo

34、od第三十三頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Did you find the cityWhen will he ever get the workShe cannot make herselfNext week I will have my bedroomI got the watchYou have got to keep the doorShe heard her name done? greatly changed? called. understood. locked. repaired. decorated.Match the two parts to make sentences.第三十四頁(yè)，講

35、稿共七十頁(yè)哦1. They woke up, finding everything around changing.2. The gate remained locking and we had to wait outside.3. Youll see many problems to be settled in this way.4. The murderer was brought in, with his hands being tied behind his back.changedsettledlocked改錯(cuò)tied第三十五頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Exercises:If you wan

36、t _ immediately, you have to give us some money in advance. A. that the work be done B. the work done C. to have done the job D. the job that is done2. They are going to have the service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed3. You will

37、 see this product _ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertisingBABinstall sth. in sth. 安裝第三十六頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦4. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Altantic Ocean in five years. A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. to have sailed5. If you wave your book in front of your f

38、ace, you can feel the air _ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move6. Dont get your schedule _; stay with us in this class. A. to change B. changing C. changed D. change BBC第三十七頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊： 7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (

39、95 N) A. not toB. not to doC. not to itD. do not toA為了避免重復(fù)，常用省略形式 to 來(lái)代替前面的動(dòng)作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes, Id like to.有些動(dòng)詞后面需要用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，除 tell 外，常見的還有：adviseallowcauseconsider encourage forbid endorder permitpersuade remind request requireurge warn ask wish want 等特別注意： hope, agree, deman

40、d, suggest 等沒(méi)有賓補(bǔ)。第三十八頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦8 Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. (95 N) A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning9 A computer does only what thinking people _. (99 上海) A. have it doB. have it done C. have done itD. having it done使役動(dòng)詞 make / have / let sb. do sth. 但改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，則應(yīng)為：be m

41、ade / let to do。注意其它不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。此句中的 it 指代的是 a computer，what 在從句中作 do 的賓語(yǔ)，表示“人們讓計(jì)算機(jī)所做的事“應(yīng)該用 people have a computer do 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。需要注意的是 have 的幾個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：have sb. / sth. do ; have sb. / sth.done ; have sb. / sth. doing ; have sb. / sth. to doBA第三十九頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)可表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式、和伴隨情況。在過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)

42、）前可帶有從屬連詞when, until, if, unless, though, as, as if等。在表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步和方式時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換為應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句；在表示伴隨情況時(shí)，通常可轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)成分或并列句中的一個(gè)從句。第四十頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦1. 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Told of his mothers accident, Jack immediately phoned the hospital.Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word or

43、der.When asked to speak, he complained about the poor service.2. 作原因狀語(yǔ)Covered with confusion, he refused to eat .Caught in the rain, he had a fever.神志迷亂第四十一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦3. 作條件狀語(yǔ)Considered from this point, the question will be of great importance.Cleared, this site would be very valuable.The house will l

44、ook bigger if painted white.She will gladly come to your house if invited.4. 作讓步狀語(yǔ)Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.Though told to stop, he kept on walking.Even though given every opportunity, they would not cooperate with you.第四十二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦5. 作方式狀語(yǔ)I am returning your letter as requested.He was w

45、alking with a limp as if injured.The lad started out of bed, as if awakened from some dream.6. 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)Mary came out of the room, followed by her dog.A crowd rushed in, armed with sticks.He was gazing into the distance, fascinated by the beautiful evening glow.= and (she) was followed by her dog.使迷惑第四十

46、三頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式，不像現(xiàn)在分詞那樣具有語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞的一般形式表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行意義，而及物云動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成意義，不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示主動(dòng)和完成意義。I found them watering flowers.I found the flowers watered.= I found that they were watering flowers.= I found that the flowers had been watered.falling leaves fallen leaves= leaves which

47、 were / are falling.=leaves which have / had fallen.第四十四頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦(3) 兩者所擔(dān)任的句子成分基本相同，但過(guò)去分詞不能像現(xiàn)在分詞那樣作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。第四十五頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦(4) having been done 與done 之區(qū)別Permitted, he would have succeeded in doing that. 討論：此句為什么不用having been permitted?本句的句意是“如果當(dāng)時(shí)他被允許（做這件事）的話，他本會(huì)成功的” 過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)可以表示條件，與if + done可以互換。而現(xiàn)在分詞中的完成被

48、動(dòng)式不可以，它只可以表示完成被動(dòng)，而且只有非謂語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)是很鮮明的先后關(guān)系時(shí)才可以用, 如：Having been finished, his homework was sent to his teacher to be corrected. 如果非謂語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)是一般的先后關(guān)系的話，直接用過(guò)去分詞即可。如：Guided by the guide, he found the place easily.Scolded by the teacher, he felt very depressed.第四十六頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦關(guān)于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的邏輯主語(yǔ)1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)往往 就是句子的

49、主語(yǔ). eg:. In order to pass the English examination, _. A. My father bought me a dictionary. B. I often get up early to read English. C. The important thing is to make full use of time. D. It is not enough to remember the new words. . _ from the top of the hill, the city looks so beautiful. A. Seeing

50、B. To see C. See D. Seen . He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. hope D. to hope 第四十七頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦2. 分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí), 可以帶有自己的主語(yǔ)- 名詞 / 代詞 + 分詞(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)),有時(shí)前面還可以加介詞with構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu). Eg:Weather permitting, well go out for a picnic tomorrow. The homework finished, the boy went ho

51、me. With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句中主語(yǔ)不一致的常見情況: .Generally / Strictly / Frankly speaking , Judging from, Considering, Allowing for(考慮到), Counting(算上), Supposing(假定), Talking / Thinking of(談到) 用過(guò)去分詞的情況: Given(鑒于),Taken as a whole(總之).Eg: _ the general state of h

52、is health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Give B. Giving C. Given D. To give第四十八頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦被動(dòng)句中,分詞常與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者形成邏輯關(guān)系. The idea can be expressed using a simple sentence.當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)為前面整個(gè)句子時(shí).如: European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular spor

53、t in the world.It作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí),分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常是句子中所描述的主要對(duì)象. Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.第四十九頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Practise1). When _(heat) water will be changed into vapour. While _ (heat) water, we can change it into vapour. 2) _(see) from the hill, the city loo

54、ks beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you will find the city beautiful. 3) Generally speaking, when _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. If _(take) the drug according to the directions, you will be better soon. heatedheatingSeenSeeing takentaking第五十頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦Fill in the bl

55、anks 1) _(frighten) by noises in the night, the girl no longer dare to sleep in her room.2) The lady returned home, _(follow) by two policemen.3) If _(trap) in a burning building, you should send for help.4) Although _(shoot) in the leg, he continued firing at the police.5) I like reading the novels

56、 _ (write ) by Zhang Ailing.Frightenedfollowedtrapped shotwritten第五十一頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦6) The girl _ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin.7) There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _ (repair).8) I want the doors of my new house _ (paint) white.9) There was a _ (surprise) look on his f

57、ace.10) He was _ (excite) at the good news. 11) The story was so _ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.writingrepairedpaintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved第五十二頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦 1. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 2. “Cant you

58、 read? ” Mary said _to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 3. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having givenCAA第五十三頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦 5. The murder was brought in, with his hands _ behind his hands

59、. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 6. The _ morning, the father came into the lonely house, _ by his naughty boy. A. following; following B. followed; followed C. following; followed D. followed; following DC第五十四頁(yè)，講稿共七十頁(yè)哦 7. _ his head high, the manager walked into the room to atte

60、nd the meeting _ then. A. Holding; being held B. Held; holding C. Having held; held D. Held; to be held 8. _ but he still couldnt understand it. A. Told many times B. Having been told many times C. He has been told many times D. Though he had been told many times 9. _ better attention, the vegetable