現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)公開課課件

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專講現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專講復(fù)習(xí)目錄現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定，疑問形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)與一般過去式的比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)冬天來了，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？If winter has already come, can spring be far behind?1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的概念1）表示）表示過去發(fā)生過去發(fā)生或或已完成已完成的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影造成的影響或結(jié)果；響或結(jié)果；2） 表示過去已經(jīng)開始并表示過去已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。狀態(tài)。 E.g. He has learned English since 2001.p

2、astnowfuture現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去式一般過去式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) AAA: put put put letlet let ABB: standstood stood ABA:becomebecamebecome ABC: eat ateeaten AAB: beat-beat-beaten規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 (1)一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將

3、 y 變?yōu)?i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 5.縮寫形式縮寫形式I have You have We have They haveHe has She has =Ive =Youve =Weve =Theyve=Hes =Shes 二、用法二、用法 1、表過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果、表過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 -Would y

4、ou like some bread? -No, thanks. I have just had my breakfast. (對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓) 常與副詞常與副詞 just（剛剛）（剛剛）, already, before, yet（一般（一般 疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還), never, ever等連用。等連用。 I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the c

5、ow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just finished my homework. He has not come yet. 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞,介詞介詞:already (已經(jīng)): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已經(jīng)): 用于否定句,疑問句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(剛剛) They have just left. ever(曾經(jīng)) Have you ever been to Beijing ?neve

6、r(從不) I have never seen him .before(以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自從以來) Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(長達(dá)) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在過去的)recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前為止) So far she has learned 5 E

7、nglish songs.up to now(到目前為止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/這個(gè)月/今年) 2、表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，、表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)， 也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和 for（一段時(shí)間）（一段時(shí)間）, since（時(shí)間點(diǎn)）（時(shí)間點(diǎn)） 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語 連用。此外還可以與連用。此外還可以與 so far, in the last ten years, by now, these days等連用。等連用。 I have been here

8、 for about 5 years. He has worked here since 1989. I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. Great changes have taken place in the last 10 years._three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a

9、 week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince 注意點(diǎn)一注意點(diǎn)一:since 的用法的用法1. +具體的過去時(shí)間具體的過去時(shí)間 since 2008 since since last Sunday +ago since two years ago +句子句子(過去時(shí)過去時(shí))2. It is /has been +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 + since 從從句句.(自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了. )It

10、 is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意點(diǎn)二：短暫性動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意點(diǎn)二：短暫性動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)短暫性動(dòng)詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與表示時(shí)間段短暫性動(dòng)詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與表示時(shí)間段的短語連用。這些動(dòng)詞是：的短語連用。這些動(dòng)詞是： buy , borrow ,become, begin, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等等。為了表述相同的意思，為了表述相同的意思，我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)

11、性動(dòng)詞have，keep等來代替短等來代替短暫性動(dòng)詞。如：暫性動(dòng)詞。如：我買這個(gè)手機(jī)有三年了。我買這個(gè)手機(jī)有三年了。 I bought the cellphone 3 years ago.I have had the cellphone for 3 years .他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。 Nick 參軍3年了. 他離開深圳好長時(shí)間了。4. 這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了. His grandpa has died for 2 years. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. He has left Shenzhen for along time. I have

12、borrowed the book for 4 months. XXXX實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為: 1) 瞬間動(dòng)詞 (die, join, leave, borrow等) 2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞 (wait, know , learn 等)注意注意: 瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用. 短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換come/go be (in) leave be away (from)borrow keep buy havedie be dead get to know know begin be on go out be offgo out be off arrive

13、be here/there marry/get married -be married catch a cold - have a coldfall asleep/get to sleep be asleepjoin the Party be in the Party/be a member of實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為: 1) 瞬間動(dòng)詞 2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞 瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段時(shí)間段連用連用. method 2: It is + 時(shí)間段 since +一般過去時(shí)的

14、句子.他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。 Nick 參軍3年了. 他離開深圳好長時(shí)間了。 這本書我已借了4個(gè)月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . ( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have had a ne

15、w dictionary for a week.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入團(tuán)兩年了。他已入團(tuán)兩年了。The man has been dead for several years.The man has died

16、 for several years.這個(gè)人已經(jīng)去世好幾年了。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)去世好幾年了。練一練1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( )2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( )A B CA B CB kept B been on3. 這輛自行車我買了兩年了。這輛自行車我買了兩年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years.4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.5. The monkey died last m

17、onth. The monkey _ _ _ for a month.had forhas been away fromhas been dead注意點(diǎn)三：注意點(diǎn)三：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去，或表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，或表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過去的時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。間

18、狀語連用。 如：如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等等 。牢記牢記: when 不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。Put the following sentences into English.A: 火車已經(jīng)開走了。火車已經(jīng)開走了。 B: 什么時(shí)候開走的什么時(shí)候開走的? A: 半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的。半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的。2. A: 你看過這部電影嗎你看過這部電影嗎? B: 看過?？催^。 A: 什么時(shí)候看的？什么時(shí)候看的？1. B: 上周星期天看的。上周星期天看的。 A: The train has left. B: When did it leav

19、e？ A: It left half an hour ago.A: Have you seen the film?B: Yes, I have.A: When did you see it?B: I saw it last Sunday.試比較：試比較：注意點(diǎn)四：注意點(diǎn)四：have been to, have been in, have gone to 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1、have (has) been in 表示表示“在某地（多長時(shí)間）在某地（多長時(shí)間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。例如：與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。例如：You have been in Zhon

20、gdu Middle School for 2 years. 你們來中都中學(xué)已經(jīng)有兩年了。你們來中都中學(xué)已經(jīng)有兩年了。They have been in Canada for five years. 他們到加拿大有五年了。他們到加拿大有五年了。2、have( has)been to表示表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？?，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。可 與與just, ever, never等連用。例如：等連用。例如：Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城?，旣悘奈慈ミ^長城。have (has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，

21、表示去過某地幾次。例如：后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：They have been to Longyan several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^龍巖好幾次了。他們?nèi)ミ^龍巖好幾次了。3、have (has) gone to 意為意為“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如：的途中。總之，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 他到書店去了。他到書店去了。 My parents the Great Wall twice. - you ever

22、 Xiamen?3.How long Peter the park? 4.My sister the shop. She will be back in two hours. 5.She Shanghai. She isnt here. 6.She Shanghai for two years.has gone to have been to Have been to hasbeen in has gone to has been in 練一練：練一練：用用have been to,have been in, have gone to填空。填空。一、選擇填空。一、選擇填空。( )1. They

23、 the park yesterday. A. went to B. has been to C. has gone to.( )2 . you _ your lunch yet ? A. Have, had B. Did, have C. Do have( )3. The boy _ my bike for ten days. I want to get it back now. A. has borrowed B. has kept C. borrowed( )4. So far we _ about two thousand English words. A. have learnt B

24、. learnt C. are learning.AAAB當(dāng)堂鞏固當(dāng)堂鞏固二、完成句子二、完成句子1、我買了一本書。我買這本書有一個(gè)星期了。、我買了一本書。我買這本書有一個(gè)星期了。 I _ _ a book. I _ _ the book for a week .2、你去過北京嗎？、你去過北京嗎？ _ you _ Beijing?3、Mr. Smith 離開了家鄉(xiāng)五年了。離開了家鄉(xiāng)五年了。 Mr. Smith _his home town for five years.4、John借了這本書一個(gè)月了。借了這本書一個(gè)月了。 John _ this book for a month.5、他的爺爺去

25、世有十年了。、他的爺爺去世有十年了。 His grandfather _ since ten years ago.have bought have hadHave been tohas been away fromhas kept has been dead1、He has never succeeded, ? （改成反意疑問句）（改成反意疑問句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問對(duì)劃線部分提問) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （動(dòng)詞填

26、空）（動(dòng)詞填空） 4.This factory opened twenty years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years. has heHow long died has been deadhas been open5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句）（同義句） Her mother _ the Party thr

27、ee years_. 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子) _has been awayjoinedagoIt issinceThe bus has been here for ten minutes.How is Ann? I _ her for

28、a long time.A .dont see B. wont see C. didnt see D. havent seen (2010 莆田莆田)Hasnt Betty come yet?No, and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours.A .wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waitedIs Mr. Baker at home? (2009遼寧遼寧)Sorry, he isnt in. He _ Dalian for vacation.A. has gone B. went C. is going D. goesMr.

29、Zhang is a teacher of rich experience. He _ English for 20 years. (2010 寧德寧德)A. has taught B. will teach C. teaches D .taught-How many times have you _ to Xiamen?-Three times. (2014福建）福建）A. been B. went C. gone D. goI wont forget my teacher because she _ so kind to me since I came to this school.A. has