定語從句講解與練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上定語從句 定語從句在句中相當于一個形容詞，起定語的作用，修飾說明名詞、代詞或主語的全部內(nèi)容。通常在被修飾的詞語（即先行詞）之后，由“關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)。定語從句的三種功能：1.連接功能：連接從句，引導(dǎo)一個定語從句2.指代功能：指代先行詞3.語法功能：在定語從句中充當句子成分(定語從句中的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種)that which who whom whose when where why語法關(guān)系詞指代主語賓語定語表語指人whothatwhomthatwhosethat指物whichthatwhichthatwhosethat注: 關(guān)系代詞在句中充當主語、賓語，因

2、此定語從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。1. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時不能省略 A plane is a machine which / that can fly . (作主語) The dog which / that was lost has been found . (作主語) The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250,000 . Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you .2. 關(guān)系代詞在句中作賓語時可省略 The noodles that / which

3、 I cooked were delicious .（作賓語） This is the book that / which I want to read . The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father . The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary . Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from . Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to ?

4、 3. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語 The novel whose cover was broken blongs to me . Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher . I know the person whose company produces computers . This is the person whose story surprised everybody . 4. 關(guān)系代詞在句中作表語時可省略（只能用that）She is not the girl that she was .【定語從句中關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副

5、詞的選擇】1. 明確關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的不同作用關(guān)系代詞which , that , who在定語從句中作主語或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語關(guān)系副詞when , where, why在定語從句中作狀語，即定語從句中不缺主語、賓語，只缺時間、地點或原因狀語2. 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明確句法成分關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語還是作狀語，關(guān)鍵取決于從句中的謂語動詞。如果定語從句中謂語動詞是及物動詞，應(yīng)觀察其后有無賓語。如果沒賓語，則應(yīng)考慮使用能充當賓語的關(guān)系代詞which或that。如果句子中有賓語，就考慮關(guān)系副詞when或where等關(guān)系副詞（when , where , why）1. when在定語從句

6、中做【時間狀語】I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing .We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm .He came at a time when (at which ) we needed help . 2. where在定語從句中做【地點狀語】This is the house where we lived last year .The factory where his father works is in the west of the

7、 city .After living in Pairs for fifty years , he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child .3. why在定語從句中做【原因狀語】There are several reasons why we cant do that .He couldnt give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school .Is this the reason why ( for which ) he refused our offer

8、?The reason why ( for which ) she was ill is that she had eaten bad meat .4. 比較Ill never forget the days that / which I spent with my teacher .Ill never forget the days when I worked with you .It is the house that / which was built two years ago . It is the house where / in which I was born .The rea

9、son which / that he gave was an excuse .The reason why he was late was the rain .Do you know the reason why he didnt turn up ?只能用that的定語從句1. 先行詞為不定代詞【all everying nothing anything little much none】時或被這些詞修飾時 ，關(guān)系代詞只用thatAll that can be done has been done .2. 當先行詞被【形容詞的最高級】修飾時，只用thatThis is the most be

10、autiful park that I have visited .The Titanic is the most dangerous film that Ive ever seen .The best one that Ill choose will be you .3. 當先行詞被序數(shù)詞【the first , the second , the last】等修飾時，只用thatThe first lesson that we have learned will never be easily forgotten .This is the last class that we will ha

11、ve this term .4. 當先行詞被【the only , the very , the last】修飾時，只用that( some ，any ，few ，much ，no ，very ，only )The only student that may be elected is in our class .I have no question that will be asked .There was little that interested him at the meeting .This is the very book that I am looking for .5. 當先

12、行詞既指【人】又指【物】時We often talk about the persons and things that we remember .The characters and the animals that are in the picture are very native .The train ran over a boy and his dog that were just crossing the railroad .6. 當主語是以【who或which開頭的疑問句】時，為避免重復(fù)而用thatWho is the girl that is standing there ?W

13、ho is the boy that shook hands with you just now ？Which is the hotel that you stayed at last month ?7. 當way做先行詞時，關(guān)系代詞可以有三種形式 that in which ×I dont like the way that / in which / × you speak to your mother like that .8. 先行詞在句中作【表語】Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be .定語從句練習(xí)1：1

14、. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father？-Yes，hes our headmaster. A. he B. who   C. which   D. whom2. Is this the river _I can swim？A. which   B. in which   C. that   D. the one3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know.A. where &#

15、160; B. which   C. that   D. it4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day？A. that you bought    B. you bought itC. that you bought it   D. which you bought it5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands.A. which agrees   B. who agreeC.

16、 who agrees   D. which agree6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing.A. that   B. it   C. which   who7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gateA. whos   B. whose   C. that   of which.8. The girl _ is reading under the

17、tree _my sister.A. which； is   B. whom； was   C. who； is   D. who； was9. I love places _the people are really friendly.A. that   B. which   C. where   D. who10. The world _ is made up of matter.A. in that we live   B. on which we

18、liveC. where we live in   D. we live in定語從句練習(xí)2:1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whomB. which C. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. whichD. as4. Is this t

19、he factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. which C. whoD. whom6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. / D. it7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all9. Please show me

20、the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whomC. whichD. /11. This is the only article of these that _ written by him. A. wasB. were C. is D. are12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whom B. wh

21、o C. /D. he13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. whichB. whomC. thatD. who15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a

22、 holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at that16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. whichC. as D. ./ 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in that C. that D. which19. Th

23、e factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. which20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. that B. when C. what D. on that21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which22. October 1, 1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where C. in whichD. what25. I still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. whatB. which C. thatD